Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2009.39.6.393

Effects of direct and indirect bonding techniques on bond strength and microleakage after thermocycling  

Ozturk, Firat (Inonu University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics)
Babacan, Hasan (Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics)
Nalcaci, Ruhi (Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics)
Kustarci, Alper (Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics)
Publication Information
The korean journal of orthodontics / v.39, no.6, 2009 , pp. 393-401 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of brackets and microleakage of a tooth-adhesive-bracket complex bonded with a direct and an indirect bonding technique after thermocycling. Methods: Fifty non-carious human premolars were divided into two equal groups. In the direct bonding group a light-cured adhesive and a primer (Transbond XT) was used. In the indirect-bonding group, a light-cured adhesive (Transbond XT) and chemical-cured primer (Sondhi Rapid Set) were used. After polymerization, the teeth were kept in distilled water for 24 hours and thereafter subjected to thermal cycling (500 cycles). For the microleakage evaluation, 10 teeth from each group were further sealed with nail varnish, stained with 0.5% basic fuchsin for 24 hours, and examined under a stereomicroscope. Fifteen teeth from each group were used for SBS testing with the universal testing machine and adhesive remnant index (ARI) evaluation. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test. Results: There were no statistical differences on SBS and microleakage between the two bonding techniques. The indirect bonding group had a significantly lower ARI score. Bracket failures were obtained between enamel-resin interfaces. Conclusions: The type of bonding technique did not significantly affect the amount of microleakage and SBS.
Keywords
Indirect bonding; Microleakage; Shear bond strength; ARI score;
Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By Web Of Science : 1  (Related Records In Web of Science)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 1
연도 인용수 순위
1 Thomas RG. Indirect bonding: simplicity in action. J Clin Orthod 1979;13:93-106   PUBMED
2 Daub J, Berzins DW, Linn BJ, Bradley TG. Bond strength of direct and indirect bonded brackets after thermocycling. Angle Orthod 2006;76:295-300   PUBMED   ScienceOn
3 International Organization for Standardization Technical Specification Report (ISO/TS 11405:2003)
4 Reynolds IR, von Fraunhofer JA. Direct bonding of orthodontic brackets - a comparative study of adhesives. Br J Orthod 1976;3:143-6   PUBMED   ScienceOn
5 Polat O, Karaman AI, Buyukyilmaz T. In vitro evaluation of shear bond strengths and in vivo analysis of bond survival of indirect bonding resins. Angle Orthod 2004;74:405-9   PUBMED   ScienceOn
6 Burgess JO, DeGoes M, Walker R, Ripps AH. An evaluation of four light-curing units comparing soft and hard curing. Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent 1999;11:125-32   PUBMED
7 Oesterle LJ, Newman SM, Shellhart WC. Rapid curing of bonding composite with a xenon plasma arc light. Am J Orthod Dentfacial Orthop 2001;119:610-6   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Celiberti P, Lussi A. Use of a self etching adhesive on previously etched intact enamel and its effect on sealant microleakage and tag formation. J Dent 2005;33:163-71   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Klocke A, Tadic D, Vaziri F, Kahl-Nieke B. Custom base preaging in indirect bonding. Angle Orthod 2004;74:106-11   PUBMED   ScienceOn
10 Hocevar RA, Vincent HF. Indirect versus direct bonding: bond strength and failure location. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1988;94:367-71   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Sondhi A. Efficient and effective indirect bonding. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1999;115:352-9   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
12 Newman GV. Bonding plastic orthodontic attachments to tooth enamel. JNJ Dent Soc 1964;35:346-58
13 Mehl A, Hickel R, Kunzelmann KH. Physical properties and gap formation of light-cured composites with and without 'softstart-polymerization'. J Dent 1997;25:321-30   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
14 Ferracane JL, Mitchem JC. Relationship between composite contraction stress and leakage in class V cavities. Am J Dent 2003;16:239-43   PUBMED   ScienceOn
15 Linn BJ, Berzins DW, Dhuru VB, Bradley TG. A comparison of bond strength between direct- and indirect-bonding methods. Angle Orthod 2006;76:289-94   PUBMED   ScienceOn
16 Arıkan S, Arhun N, Arman A, Cehreli SB. Microleakage beneath ceramic and metal brackets photopolymerized with LED or conventional light curing units. Angle Orthod 2006;76:1035-40   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Taylor MJ, Lynch E. Microleakage. J Dent 1992;20:3-10   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Aguirre MJ, King GJ, Waldron JM. Assessment of bracket placement and bond strength when comparing direct bonding to indirect bonding techniques. Am J Orthod 1982;82:269-76   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Klocke A, Shi J, Vaziri F, Kahl-Nieke B, Bismayer U. Effect of time on bond strength in indirect bonding. Angle Orthod 2004;74:245-50   PUBMED   ScienceOn
20 Ramoglu SI, Uysal T, Ulker M, Ertas H. Microleakage under ceramic and metallic brackets bonded with resin-modified glass ionomer. Angle Orthod 2009;79:138-43   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Calheiros FC, Sadek FT, Braga RR, Cardoso PE. Polymerization contraction stress of low-shrinkage composites and its correlation with microleakage in class V restorations. J Dent 2004;32:407-12   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Kubo S, Yokota H, Sata Y, Hayashi Y. Microleakage of self etching primers after thermal and flexural load cycling. Am J Dent 2001;14:163-9   PUBMED   ScienceOn
23 Miles PG. Weyant RJ. A comparison of two indirect bonding adhesives. Angle Orthod 2005;75:1019-23   PUBMED   ScienceOn
24 Arhun N, Arman A, Cehreli SB,Arikan S, Karabulut E, G$\"{u}$l$\c{s}$ahi K. Microleakage beneath ceramic and metal brackets bonded with a conventional and an antibacterial adhesive system. Angle Orthod 2006;76:1028-34   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Buonocore MG. A simple method of increasing the adhesion of acrylic filling materials to enamel surfaces. J Dent Res 1955;34:849-53   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
26 Artun J, Bergland S. Clinical trials with crystal growth conditioning as an alternative to acid-etch enamel pretreatment. Am J Orthod 1984;85:333-40   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
27 Sinha PK, Nanda RS, Duncanson MG, Hosier MJ. Bond strengths and remnant adhesive resin on debonding for orthodontic bonding techniques. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1995;108:302-7   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Ulker M, Uysal T, Ramoglu SI, Ertas H. Microleakage under orthodontic brackets using high-intensity curing lights. Angle Orthod 2009;79:144-9   DOI   ScienceOn
29 Gillgrass TJ, Millett DT, Creanor SL, MacKenzie D, Bagg J, Gilmour WH, et al. Fluoride release, microbial inhibition and microleakage pattern of two orthodontic band cements. J Dent 1999;27:455-61   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
30 Klocke A, Shi J, Kahl-Nieke B, Bismayer U. Bond strength with custom base indirect bonding techniques. Angle Orthod 2003;73:176-80   PUBMED   ScienceOn
31 Yi GK, Dunn WJ, Taloumis LJ. Shear bond strength comparison between direct and indirect bonded orthodontic brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;124:577-81   DOI   ScienceOn
32 Bishara SE, Ajlouni R, Laffoon JF. Effect of thermocycling on the shear bond strength of a cyanoacrylate orthodontic adhesive. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;123:21-4   DOI   ScienceOn
33 James JW, Miller BH, English JD, Tadlock LP, Buschang PH. Effects of high-speed curing devices on shear bond strength and microleakage of orthodontic brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;123:555-61   DOI   ScienceOn
34 Silverman E, Cohen M. Current adhesives for indirect bracket bonding. Am J Orthod 1974;65:76-84   DOI   ScienceOn