• 상하수도학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2014

6 sigma is a management innovation strategy which improves most of all managerial processes including transactional and project based operations such as marketing, purchasing, accounting, and construction. Even though 6 sigma is trying to solve problems from the customer's viewpoint in the scientific manner, project leader feels some difficulties in implementation because of several reasons. Especially the difficulties are prevalent in construction site. This paper investigates the cause of the difficulties through questionnaires, analyzes the investigation results, and verifies the critical success factors of 6 sigma implementation. Factor analysis has been usually employed in reducing quantity of data and summarizing information chaos. In this study, several variables from questionnaires are grouped into just only four factors by the process of factor analysis. The critical success factors are extracted as project management system, implementation mechanism, site condition, and project ownership. Some ideas for each individual success factor are suggested, which are expected to be useful in successful implementation of 6 Sigma in construction site.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.325-337
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• 2005

기존의 논문들은 단순히 기업가치(firm value)가 부채(debt)에 의한 요인들(determinants)에 의하여 좌우된다고 보았으며, 기업의 소유구조(managerial ownership)와 기업가치는 별개(exogenous)로 간주하여 왔다. 이 번 논문에서는 기업 가치를 좌우하는 요인들에 부채 이외에 기업의 소유구조를 내생변수(joint endogenous)로 추정하고, 통계방법으로는 수단변수를 사용하여 GMM(generalized method of moments)를 통하여 추정하기로 한다. 이 연구를 통해서는 부채와 기업 소유구조 사이에 밀접한 상호작용(interrelated)이 있음을 발견하였다. 부채와 기업의 소유구조를 내생화시킴으로써 이번 연구에서는 부채가 기업가치에 약한 부정적인(-) 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으나, 기업의 소유구조는 기업 가치에 강한 긍정적 요인으로 작용하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같이 부채와 기업가치의 약한 부정적인 관계에 대한 선행연구로는 Shea(1997)과 Hahn and Hausman(1999)이 있다. 또한, 기업가치는 시장점유율(market power)과 주가(treasury stock)와 양(+)의 관계에 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.81-94
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• 2019

한국사회에서 기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)은 산업 규범으로 자리 잡고 있으며, 많은 기업들이 이에 대한 제도적 압력에 순응하여 CSR 활동을 수행하고 있다. 이러한 상황 속에서, 본 연구는 휴브리스와 같은 최고경영자(CEO)의 특성과 사외이사, 외국인 지분률과 같은 기업지배구조 장치가 CSR에 대한 규범을 받아들이는데 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 제시한다. 휴브리스를 지닌 경영자는 제도적 압력에 순응하지 않으며, 산업 규범에 대한 순종을 거부하는 경향이 있다. 따라서, 휴브리스를 지닌 경영자는 타 기업들의 평균적인 즉, 규범화된 수준이 아닌 더 높거나 낮은 수준의 CSR 활동을 수행할 것으로 예상된다. 반면, 경영상의 불확실성을 감소시키기 위해, 기업지배구조는 경영자가 규범화된 수준의 CSR 활동을 유지하도록 CEO를 통제할 것이다. 또한, 기업지배구조 장치는 기업 경영에 나쁜 영향을 미치는 것을 알려진 CEO 휴브리스가 경영의사결정에 미치는 영향을 감소시킨다고 알려져 있다. 따라서, 지배구조가 강화될수록, CEO 휴브리스가 기업의 CSR 활동 수준에 미치는 영향을 감소시킬 것이다.

• 재무관리연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 경영자 소유지분과 자본적 투자지출의 관계를 이론과 실증분석의 양 차원에서 분석하였다. 우선 이론적인 분석에서는 경영자가 기업가치 극대화뿐만 아니라 규모극대화를 동시에 추구할 때, 기업의 자발적 투자지출은 경영자 소유지분의 함수라는 점을 보였다. 특히 2차효용함수의 가정하에서 자본적 투자지출과 경영자 소유지분의 관계는 경영자의 소유지분과 위험회피도, 확실성 등가에 의한 프로젝트의 순기대현금 흐름 수준에 따라 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 자본적 투자지출은 경영자의 효용함수 행태에 따라 경영자 소유지분이 낮은 수준에서는 소유지분의 감소함수이나 높은 수준에서는 증가함수로 반전되는 구조적인 전환점이 존재한다는 점을 밝혔다. 한편 90-95년 중 우리나라 상장 제조업의 자료를 바탕으로 규모극대화 기업과 규모비극대화 기업에 대하여 경영자 소유지분과 자본적 투자지출의 관계를 비교한 결과, 규모극대화 기업에서 경영자 지분이 약 30%인 구조적인 전환점을 중심으로 그 이전에서는 경영자 지분의 증가에 따라 자본적 투자지출이 감소하나 그 이후에는 증가함수로 단전되는 것으로 나타나 이론의 내용을 지지하였다. 그러므로 본 연구의 결과는 기존의 연구에서와는 달리 안주가설(entrenchment hypothesis)에 의하지 않더라도 경영자의 효용함수의 행태에 따라 일정한 경영자 소유지분 이상에서는 가치비극대화 행위가 지배할 있다는 점을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.777-788
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• 2020

Growth in the sharing economy and sustainability have grown has influenced collaborative consumption that values usage rather than ownership. Collaborative fashion consumption platforms have become a rapidly growing business and need to be investigated. A theoretical review and case study were conducted to analyze the typology of collaborative fashion consumption consisting of renters, lenders, and platforms. Applying the nascent literature of partial organization, this paper outlines a typology, user-driven types in which lenders take responsibility to manage rental products and platform-driven types in which platforms are in charge. Four representative cases such as Hurr Collective, Villageluxe, Wardrobe, and Closetshare were selected in order to derive the roles of collaborative fashion consumption platforms. First, it is critical to balance between renters and lenders in collaborative fashion consumption platforms. Second, it is imperative to establish trust about the platform and formulate mutually understandable guidelines. Third, the concept of lenders needs to be broadened to individuals as well as fashion brand companies. Fourth, it is necessary to improve interaction between renters and lenders in platform-driven types. This study represents one careful step to understand collaborative consumption platforms that also provides managerial and academic implications.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제17권
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• pp.107-133
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze a trend of profitability classified by characteristics of hospitals and to analyze related factors. The data for this study were derived from survey material conducted by the Korean Hospital Association on 33 hospitals in Korea between 1993 and 2002. Profitability was measured in the aspect of investment profit rate and operation profit rate with net profit to total assets, normal profit to total assets and operating margin to gross revenue as dependent variables. Independent variables were classified by general factors (ownership, number of beds, period of establishment, region), financial factors (total asset turnover, liabilities to total assets, current ratio, fixed ratio, inventories turnover, personnel costs per operation profit, material costs per operation profits), composition of manpower and facilities(personnel and area per beds), productivity index(the number of daily patients per medical doctor, the number of daily patients per nurse), the score of quality assurance activities. First, Concerning the specialists per beds or area per beds and profitability of hospitals there was not statistically significant. Second, Those hospitals having the most daily patients per nurse had significantly higher profitability than the others, but the number of daily patients per medical doctor had little effect on the profitability. Thirds, Those hospitals having a higher proportion total asset turnover tended to show significantly higher profitability compared to other hospitals, but the liabilities to total assets and liquidity ratio had a little difference to the profitability. Those hospitals having a higher proportion personnel costs per operation profit and material costs per operation profits tended to show significantly lower hospital profitability compared to other hospitals. Fourth, In regression analysis, hospital profitability had negative relationship with personnel costs per operation profit or material costs per operation profits. While it had positive relationship with total asset turnover, the number of daily patients per nurse. In conclusion, private hospitals had higher profitability than that of public hospitals. Though factors related to profitability of hospital were different according to ownership, it is important for securing appropriate profitability by operating appropriate number of nurse, raising total asset turnover, and reducing personnel costs, material costs per operation profits. This study can be used as a baseline data for planning of hospital management. But the study may be limited in that the results cannot be generalized due to its small sample size. However, this longitudinal observation of 33 hospitals over ten year period has significant merit alone.

• Journal of East Asia Management
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2020

Military experience has a great impact on a soldier ability to handle risks. Therefore, when those soldiers become managers, they may behave differently in making risky corporate decisions, especially in activities like the R&D investment. However, studies on how military experience affect R&D have been largely missing in the largest emerging economy, i.e. China, despite that the country hires a higher percentage of military managers than the US. In addition, it remains a question whether military managers affect the state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China, as many of the corporate decisions are made by the government. This paper tries to address these questions. The imprinting theory and the upper echelon theory suggest that managers' personal experience can affect their behaviour, which in turn influences their corporate decisions. In this paper, we examine whether managers with military experience lead to higher R&D investment and whether such an effect exists in state-owned enterprises. Based on a sample of listed firms in China's A-share market over 2008-2017, we make two findings. First, companies with military managers have high R&D investment. By dividing managers' military positions into high and low rank, we find that companies tend to have higher (lower) R&D investment if their managers hold a high-rank (low-rank) position. Second, the effect of high-rank military managers on R&D investment is more pronounced if the manager is also the founder and the company is a non-state-owned enterprise. For low-ranking military managers, a stronger effect on R&D investment is also observed if they are also the founder, but whether their companies are state-owned or not has no impact on R&D investment. This study identifies managers' military experience as a contributing factors to corporate R&D investment in the largest emerging economy. This paper tests an implication of the imprinting theory and the upper echelon theory, i.e., managers' personal experience can affect their behaviour, which in turn influences their corporate decisions. Specifically, we focus on one aspect of personal experience - military experience - and look at whether it is beneficial to firms' technological innovation, therefore enriches the literature of managerial heterogeneity. Our findings on the influence of managers' military experience on firms' technological innovation can help us better understand the role of managers play in corporate decision making, and how managers' individual traits interact with the firm's characteristics.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제24권
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• pp.73-112
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to identify what are the common characteristics which enable the information management offices of research institutes to provide information services with their companies in effective ways, and furthur, in other to clarify what factors helf the improvement of effectiveness of information services. I have made on-the-spot investigations for the confirmation of present conditions of information service units of research institutes, their statistic data, and their managerial state. I have restricted my research to 36 information service units, as research targets, which are located in Changwon, Choongchong, and Kyongin areas as the reason mentioned in the introduction, and from their research data they keep, I have classified the top 10 information service units as Group A which show the most frequent use or application frequency of research data per a researcher, where as the lowerest 10 information service units are classified as Group B by the same evaluation of application frequency of their data. Then, the result of the comparision between Group A which provide high information services in effective ways and Group B which provide low information services with poor management leads me to identify the following characteristics in terms of the analyses of utilization of the data they process: 1. Those information service units in Group A have more volumes of books and information data, and annual increasing rates of books and informations are higher than those of Group B. 2. The regulations of book circulation in Group A are prescribed for the benefits of users, and if a long-term loan is not permitted, they are allowed to borrow more books at a time than in Group B. 3. The proportion of librarians to researchers is high, the librarians' career is long and their professional education background (the rate of librarians who majored in library science and information) is high In Group A. 4. Most of the directors of information service units are those who majored library science and information, and for the most part, librarians are promoted to the directors of information service units in Group A. 5. The information service units are managed directly under the directors of research institutes in their organization in Group A. 6. The information service units offer an education for information utilization to researchers as one of their managerial programs, and the contents of education are diverse, rich and informative in Group A. 7. The kinds of informations are various in Group A such as, SDI, prompt reports of contents of new informations, circulation of newly published publications, translation service, information analyses, critical reviews, etc. 8. The information service units in Group A have joined various cooperative systems which are aimed at cooperation, co-ownership of resources and informations. These findings lead me to argue that the hypothesis suggested in the introduction of this thesis has been proved without exception.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.294-303
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• 2010

일본의 맨션관리의 적정화 추진에 관한 법률은 맨션의 양호한 주거환경을 확보하여 국민생활의 안정을 향상시키고 나아가 국민경제의 건전한 발전을 꾀함을 목적으로 제정된 법률이다. 맨션의 증가와 맨션만이 가지는 거주형태의 특수성, 이에 관련한 법정비의 미비는 일본의 학계와 실무에서 꾸준히 제기된 문제이다. 또한 관리적 측면에서는 관리조합의 운영문제, 유지수선, 관리조합의 관리업자에 대한 관리위탁, 설계 준공도면의 정확한 인도 등의 문제도 지적을 받아왔다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 적정화법이 입법되었으나, 결국 적정화법은 맨션 관리에 관한 합의형성 등의 문제에 대해 그 해결책을 제시하고 있는 것으로 평가할 수는 있겠으나 한편으로는 맨션에서의 관리조합 및 구분소유자, 그리고 노후화가 상당히 진행된 맨션에 대해 고민, 예를 들면 거주자의 다양성 등으로 인한, 하는 지자체 등에 대해 여러 형태로의 의무 등을 제안 또는 제시하고 있음으로 해서 적정화법의 원활한 시행에는 다수의 난관이 존재하고 있는 것이 사실이다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.173-201
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• 2001

This study purports to examine the current management and information technology related strategy of Korean hospitals and suggest the effective management strategy in the 21st century when is digital era. Specifically the study tries to analyze the changing trends of strategic orientation and investigate the general management and information technology strategy of Korean hospitals. Self-administered Questionnaires were distributed to 721 hospitals nationwide and finally 98 Questionnaires were analyzed for the study. The results of the study are as follows : 1) Half of the respondent hospitals reported that they have an analyzer orientation in 2000, whereas 19.4% were prospectors, reactors 16.4%, and defenders 14.3%. However, the respondent hospitals intended to have a prospector orientation in the future (2002), while 29.6% planned on being analyzers, 17.3% reactors, and 3.1% defenders. 2) Hospital services for improving patient satisfaction were the most common. strategy for the respondent hospitals, followed by cost containment, organizational restructuring, employee education, purchasing system change, specialization of clinical services, quality improvement of medical care, strengthening the networking with the stakeholders, public relations and marketing strategy, diversification, and installing the information system. However, the strategies of annual salary system, retrenchment of unprofitable services, merit payment based on performance were still not popular for the respondent hospitals. 3) As for the strategies related with information technology, most hospitals have not implemented actively, except for the establishment of home-pages, order communication systems, and insurance claims through electronic data interchange system. 4) There were significant differences in the level of strategy implementation in terms of the ownership, bed size, financial performance, and the top managers I knowledge of information technology. The larger bed size, the higher financial performance, the better knowledge of information technology the top managers have, the more strategies the respondent hospitals implemented. The managerial and political implications for Korean hospitals in digital era were also discussed.