• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.93-103
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• 2019

Recently, malicious code distribution of ransomware through a web site based on a drive-by-download attack has resulted in service disruptions to the web site and damage to PC files for end users. Therefore, analyzing the characteristics of the target web site industry, distribution time, application type, and type of malicious code that is being exploited can predict and respond to the attacker's attack activities by analyzing the status and trend of malicious code sites. In this paper, we will examine the distribution of malicious codes to 3.43 million websites in Korea to draw out the characteristics of each detected landing site, exploit site, and distribution site, and discuss countermeasures.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.229-238
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• 2015

Web shells are programs that are written for a specific purpose in Web scripting languages, such as PHP, ASP, ASP.NET, JSP, PERL-CGI, etc. Web shells provide a means to communicate with the server's operating system via the interpreter of the web scripting languages. Hence, web shells can execute OS specific commands over HTTP. Usually, web attacks by malicious users are made by uploading one of these web shells to compromise the target web servers. Though there have been several approaches to detect such malicious web shells, no standard dataset has been built to compare various web shell detection techniques. In this paper, we present a collection of web shell files, WebSHArk 1.0, as a standard dataset for current and future studies in malicious web shell detection. To provide baseline results for future studies and for the improvement of current tools, we also present some benchmark results by scanning the WebSHArk dataset directory with three web shell scanning tools that are publicly available on the Internet. The WebSHArk 1.0 dataset is only available upon request via email to one of the authors, due to security and legal issues.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.3750-3770
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• 2021

This study investigates open-source dynamic XSS filters used as security devices in web applications to account for the effectiveness of filters in protecting against XSS attacks. The experiment involves twelve representative filters, which are examined individually by placing them into the final output function of a custom-built single-input-form web application. To assess the effectiveness of the filters in their tasks of sanitizing XSS payloads and in preserving benign payloads, a black-box testing method is applied using an automated XSS testing framework. The result in working with malicious and benign payloads shows an important trade-off in the filters' tasks. Because the filters that only check for dangerous or safe elements, they seem to neglect to validate their values. As some safe values are mistreated as dangerous elements, their benign payload function is lost in the way. For the filters to be more effective, it is suggested that they should be able to validate the respective values of malicious and benign payloads; thus, minimizing the trade-off. This particular assessment of XSS filters provides important insight regarding the filters that can be used to mitigate threats, including the possible configurations to improve them in handling both malicious and benign payloads.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.667-677
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• 2012

Vulnerable web applications have been the primary method used by the attackers to spread their malware to a large number of victims. Such attacks commonly make use of malicious links to remotely execute a rather advanced malicious code. The attackers often deploy malwares that utilizes unknown vulnerabilities so-called "zero-day vulnerabilities." The existing computer vaccines are mostly signature-based and thus are effective only against known attack patterns, but not capable of detecting zero-days attacks. To mitigate such limitations of the current solutions, there have been a numerous works that takes a behavior-based approach to improve detection against unknown malwares. However, behavior-based solutions arbitrarily introduced a several limitations that made them unsuitable for real-life situations. This paper proposes an advanced web browser based malicious behavior detection system that solves the problems and limitations of the previous approaches.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.101-106
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• 2023

Recently, cyberattacks are increasing in social engineering attacks using intelligent and continuous phishing sites and hacking techniques using malicious code. As personal security becomes important, there is a need for a method and a solution for determining whether a malicious URL exists using a web application. In this paper, we would like to find out each feature and limitation by comparing highly accurate techniques for detecting malicious URLs. Compared to classification algorithm models using features such as web flat panel DB and based URL detection sites, we propose an efficient URL anomaly detection technique.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.53-59
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• 2020

Malicious file upload attacks mean that the attacker to upload or transfer files of dangerous types that can be automatically processed within the web server's environment. Uploaded file content can include exploits, malware and malicious scripts. An attacker can user malicious content to manipulate the application behavior. As a method of detecting a malicious file upload attack, it is generally used to find a file type by detecting a file extension or a signature of the file. However, this type of file type detection has the disadvantage that it can not detect files that are not encoded with a specific program, such as PHP files. Therefore, in this paper, research was conducted on how to detect and block any program by using essential commands or variable names used in the corresponding program when writing a specific program. The performance evaluation results show that it detected specific files effectively using the suggested method.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.85-92
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• 2012

Today, the typical web hacking attacks are cross-site scripting(XSS) attacks, injection vulnerabilities, malicious file execution and insecure direct object reference included. Web hacking security systems, access control solutions, access only to the web service and flow inside but do not control the packet. So you have been illegally modified to pass the packet even if the packet is considered as a unnormal packet. The defense system is to fail to appropriate controls. Therefore, in order to ensure a successful web services diagnostic system development is necessary. Web application diagnostic system is real and urgent need and alternative. The diagnostic system development process mu st be carried out step of established diagnostic systems, diagnostic scoping web system vulnerabilities, web application, analysis, security vulnerability assessment and selecting items. And diagnostic system as required by the web system environment using tools, programming languages, interfaces, parameters must be set.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.94-99
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• 2016

Application layer attacks have for years posed an ever-serious threat to network security, since they always come after a technically legitimate connection has been established. In recent years, cyber criminals have turned to fully exploiting the web as a medium of communication to launch a variety of forbidden or illicit activities by spreading malicious automated software (auto-ware) such as adware, spyware, or bots. When this malicious auto-ware infects a network, it will act like a robot, mimic normal behavior of web access, and bypass the network firewall or intrusion detection system. Besides that, in a private and large network, with huge Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) traffic generated each day, communication behavior identification and classification of auto-ware is a challenge. In this paper, based on a previous study, analysis of auto-ware communication behavior, and with the addition of new features, a method for classification of HTTP auto-ware communication is proposed. For that, a Not Only Structured Query Language (NoSQL) database is applied to handle large volumes of unstructured HTTP requests captured every day. The method is tested with real HTTP traffic data collected through a proxy server of a private network, providing good results in the classification and detection of suspicious auto-ware web access.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.767-770
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• 2015

With the deployment of web-based educational game over the internet, the user's registration becomes a critical element. The user is authenticated by the system using username, password, and unique code. However, it cannot be handled properly because the data is transmitted through insecure channel on the network. Hence, security requirement is needed to avoid identity leakage from malicious user. In this paper, we propose a secure communication approach using SSL protocol for an online game. We also describe the security requirements for our approach. In future work, we intend to configure and implement the SSL protocol by enabling HTTPS in web-based online game.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2017

The continuously growing internet service requirements has resulted in a multitier system structure consisting of web server and database (DB) server. In this multitier structure, the existing intrusion detection system (IDS) detects known attacks by matching misused traffic patterns or signatures. However, malicious change to the contents at DB server through hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) requests at the DB server cannot be detected by the IDS at the DB server's end, since the DB server processes structured query language (SQL) without knowing the associated HTTP, while the web server cannot identify the response associated with the attacker's SQL query. To detect these types of attacks, the malicious user is tracked using knowledge on interaction between HTTP request and SQL query. However, this is a practical challenge because system's source code analysis and its application logic needs to be understood completely. In this study, we proposed a scheme to find the HTTP request associated with a given SQL query using only system log files. We first generated an HTTP request-SQL query map from system log files alone. Subsequently, the HTTP request associated with a given SQL query was identified among a set of HTTP requests using this map. Computer simulations indicated that the proposed scheme finds the HTTP request associated with a given SQL query with 94% accuracy.