• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.459-463
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• 2009

The adsorption features of malachite green onto activated carbon have been investigated for its treatment from aqueous solution. The influential factors were examined the initial concentration of malachite green, reaction temperature, and pH. Under experimental conditions, adsorption equilibrium of malachite green was attained within 2 hr after the adsorption started. The adsorption reaction of malachite green followed the pseudo-second order rate model, and the adsorption rate constants(k2) decreased with increasing initial concentrations of malachite green. Adsorption behavior of malachite green on activated carbon was found to follow the Freundlich model well in the initial adsorbate concentration range. With increase in temperature, the adsorbed amount of malachite green at equilibrium increased, which indicate that the adsorption reaction was endothermic reaction. Thermodynamic parameters for malachite green adsorption reaction were estimated at varying temperatures, and in the pH range of 2-10, adsorption of malachite green increased.

• 분석과학
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.142-148
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• 2006

고속액체크로마토그라피를 이용하여 어류 중 말라카이트그린 및 류코말라카이트그린의 최적 분석조건을 확립하고 국내유통 수산식품을 분석하였다. 균질화한 시료를 아세토니트릴로 추출하고 디클로로메탄에 분산시켜 농축 후 메탄올에 용해하여 분석하였다. 이동상으로는 아세토니트릴과 아세테이트 완충용액의 혼합용액을 사용하였으며, 검출파장은 620 nm이었다. 류코말라카이트그린을 말라카이트그린과 동시에 분석하기 위하여 산화납(IV) 컬럼을 분석컬럼 뒤에 연결하여 류코말라카이트그린을 말라카이트그린으로 산화하였다. 상관계수($r^2$)는 말라카이트그린이 0.9989, 류코말라카이트그린이 0.9995이었으며, 검출한계는 신호대 잡음비 3 이상에서 말라카이트그린과 류코말라카이트그린의 합으로서 0.005 mg/kg이었다. 회수율은 84~98%(CV는 3~16%)로 만족할 만한 수준이었다. 분석결과 잉어 및 붕어 서료에서 류코말라카이트그린이 검출되었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.216-221
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• 2007

The adsorption characteristics of malachite green on waste garnet have been investigated for its treatment from aqueous solution by employing waste garnet which is generated from the abrasive production process as an adsorbent. The influential factors examined were the initial concentration of malachite green in solution, reaction temperature, and the amount of adsorbent. Also, the effect of the modification of the surface of adsorbent on adsorption was examined. As the initial malachite green was increased with reaction temperature and the color removal of malachite green-containing solution was promoted with the amount of adsorbent. Finaly, increased adsorption of malachite green could be attained when the surface of glass was modified by hexamethyldisilazane.

• 청정기술
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.312-319
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• 2012

말라카이트 그린은 염료로 사용되지만 유해한 독성 물질이다. 본 연구에서는 제올라이트에 의한 말라카이트 그린의 흡착특성을 조사하였다. 일정한 양의 제올라이트에 대해 초기농도, 접촉시간, pH 및 흡착온도 등이 말라카이트 그린의 흡착에 미치는 영향을 회분식 및 칼럼흡착실험을 통하여 연구하였다. 회분식흡착실험을 통해 흡착등온선을 구한 결과 말라카이트 그린의 흡착평형관계는 $25{\sim}45^{\circ}C$ 범위에서 Freundlich 식이 잘 적용되었다. 흡착등온식으로 부터 평가된 k와 ${\beta}$ 값은 각각 23.60~46.88, 0.225~0.347이었다. 입자내 확산모델을 사용하여 흡착기구를 결정하였다. 고정층의 운전조건이 파과곡선에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 말라카이트 그린의 유입농도와 초기유속이 증가함에 따라 파과시간은 감소하였다. 층높이가 증가함에 따라 파과시간이 증가하였는데, 흡착대의 길이는 비슷한 양상을 나타냈다.

• 기술사
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.10-12
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• 2005

Recently, the KFDA(Korea Food & Drug Administration) has announced that the Malachite Green was found from imported fishes and eels. Malachite Green is used for remedy of diseased fishes. The administration has a plan to intensify monitoring system for distribution of fishes. It is necessary to operate the improved warning system for public health.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.828-835
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• 2013

Products from aquaculture have sometimes been focused on the problems caused by the contamination of chemical agents as the use of chemical agents in aquaculture has been annually increased. The risk of contamination of products by chemical agents is greater in freshwater than in seawater. In order to evaluate the food safety of a fish grown in freshwater, we investigated the residues of antibiotics (tetracycline, oxolinic acid and ciplofloxacin) and malachite green in cultured rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Malachite green, which was prohibited in the application of aquaculture, was not detected in samples tested in this study. The residual content of tetracycline was determined to be less than the permissible amount, <0.2 mg/kg. The contents of ciplofloxacin was also less than the permissible amount, <0.1 mg/kg. However, in case of oxolinic acid, one of samples was only exhibited higher content than the permissible amount (<0.1 mg/kg). The results obtained in this study suggested that the control and regulation of chemical agents such as antibiotics was important to maintain a safe and worry-free seafood supply.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.203-208
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• 1991

모드동기된 아르곤 이온 레이저를 여기광원으로 사용한 시간상관 단일광자 계수장치를 이용하여 에틸렌글리콜 용매 내에서 Rhodamine 6G에서 Malachite Green으로의 비복사 에너지전달과정을 연구하였다. 측정된 donor의 형광소멸곡선을 full-fitting 방법으로 분석 처리하여 acceptor 농도의 변화에 따른 환산농도와 임계전이거리를 구했다. donor의 농도가 acceptor의 농도 보다 클때는 donor-donor의 원거리 쌍극자 모멘트에 의한 에너지 이주 효과를 고려해야하며 Forster 모델 보다 Huber 모델이 더 적절하였다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.471-476
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• 2011

Nowadays biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester, FAME) has been becoming an important issue as a desired alternative of energy products because of non-toxic, biodegradable properties, and lower exhaust emissions. During esterification of fatty acids or transesterification of oils and fats with short chain alcohols by the alkali-catalyzed methanolysis, FAME and unrefined glycerol are generated. Quantification of glycerol as a by-product is important because of a determinant of biodiesel quality. However, the glycerol analysis by gas chromatography (GC) method has laborious works with sample preparation, long time and cost of sample analysis. Thus, there is a need to analyze glycerol more simply. Herein we demonstrate that the colorimetric assay for glycerol analysis conducted by UV-vis spectrophotometer at the wavelength 617 nm whose peak is maximum intensity of malachite green, resulting in the red-shift occurred proportionally as a function of glycerol amount. Thus, it is considered the solvent media for malachite green fading for biodiesel production: (1) water, (2) MeOH, and (3) EtOH. The resulting findings show that the peak intensity at 617 nm in glycerol-malachite green mixture had a relationship between glycerol concentration and degree of peak shift as increase in pure glycerol concentration approximately at pH 7.0. However, when it was measured the unrefined glycerol concentration by diluting and adjusting with water to buffer (pH 7.0), it was not observed the absorption peak at 617 nm because of impurities and OH ions. In case of glycerol from biodiesel production factories, glycerol concentration could be successfully measured.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2008

Malachite green (MG), a triphenylmethane dye, is carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, a respiratory toxin, and causes chromosomal fractures. It is not permitted for use as an aquaculture veterinary drug in a number of countries. Sensitive extraction methods for MG and leucomalachite green (LMG), which have long residence times in fish tissues, were developed. For LMG, the average recovery of liquid extraction (LE) ranged from 41.71 (yellowtail) to 71.60% (snakehead); the recovery of liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) was between 67.68 (yellowtail) and 83.68% (snakehead); and the average recovery of solid-phase extraction (SPE) ranged from 84.16 (yellowtail) to 92.92% (shrimp). The recovery of MG was less than 30% with SPE. However, the dye is found primarily as the colorless reduced leuco form in fish tissues.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.3228-3232
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• 2010

Malachite green (MG) has been used world-widely in aquaculture as a parasiticide or fungicide. Although MG performed successfully, it has not been permitted for use in aquaculture from European Union, USA, and Canada because of its carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. We developed a sensitive and specific method to determine MG and its principal metabolite, leucomalachite green (LMG), respectively by isotope dilution liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (ID-LC/MS). To enhance the extraction recovery of MG and LMG from fish tissue, an additional step, saponification, was introduced in sample preparation process to remove fat in sample extract, which hampered the performance of SPE columns. The residue of MG and LMG in fish was analyzed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode by monitoring at m/z 329 and 334 for MG and $d_5$-MG and at m/z 331 and 337 for LMG and $^{13}C_6$-LMG, respectively. This method was validated by comparing with the value of the reference material provided by Laboratory Government Chemistry (LGC). The results agreed within the measurement uncertainty and the accuracy was much improved than the provided reference value by LGC.