• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.328-336
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cervical range of motion training on the change in respiratory function growth rate at the group and individual level in stroke patients and stroke patients with tracheostomy tube. Design: A Multilevel Growth Model Methods: 8 general stroke patients and 6 stroke patients who had a tracheostomy tube inserted were subjected to cervical range of motion training 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Force vital capacity (FVC), Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), Forced expiration ratio (FEV1/FVC) and Manual assist peak cough flow (MPCF) were measured. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multilevel analysis with HLM 8.0. Results: A significant difference was found in the respiratory function analysis growth rate of the entire group (p<0.05), and two groups were added to the research model. The linear growth rate of respiratory function in patients with general stroke increased with the exception of FEV1/FVC (p<0.05). Stroke patients with tracheostomy tube showed a decreasing pattern except for FVC. In particular, MPCF showed a significantly decreased result (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study found that the maintenance of improved respiratory function in stroke patients with tracheostomy tube decreased over time. However, cervical range of motion training is still a useful method for respiratory function in general stroke patients and stroke patients with tracheostomy tube.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.129-138
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• 2004

Recently, maintenance of clean ocean is very important issue. One part of the issue strongly relates to the safe navigation of vessels. Most parts of safe navigation depend on the mariner's competencies. STCW was established to guarantee the sufficient mariner's competencies. However the code dose not indicate the each necessary competency clearly. Therefore, the understandings on STCW are not same among training institutes, and each training institute interprets them individually and executes them. As a result, it makes big differences among the institutes concerning training methods and contents and the assessment on mariner's competencies. The countries in EU have paid attention on this issue and the activities enhance the rational assessment of competencies through METNET. In order to execute the rational assessments, it is necessary to clarify the techniques being assessed. And it means the necessity to clarify the necessary techniques for safe navigation and to assess the competencies to achieve them, and then we can attain the objectives of STCW. In this paper, the necessary techniques for achievement of safe navigation are discussed and the methods of assessment of competencies are proposed. As we apply proposed assessment system, we can get the mariner's competency quantitatively and continuously through training period. Then we can know the trend of the competency that is the learning process. By clarifying the learning process of the techniques, we can decide the necessary training time to achieve the competencies. Furthermore, we can discuss the issues on conversion between training onboard and simulator used training by analysing the learning processes.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.107-123
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• 2023

In order to create a safe and comfortable educational environment and improve the quality of education, the 'Act on the Safety and Maintenance of Educational Facilities' was enacted in 2021. Accordingly, 'Educational Facility Safety Certification Operation Regulations' was established. Safety certification targets are classified into 'kindergarten', 'elementary/middle/high school and special schools', and 'university and other educational facilities'. Other educational facilities include libraries and student training facilities. However, student training facilities and libraries are different from schools as facilities for special activities such as training and reading. Therefore, the unique characteristics of the facility must be reflected in the 'Educational Facility Safety Certification Operation Regulations'. This study analyzed how the 'Educational Facility Safety Certification Operation Regulation' reflects the special characteristics of student training facilities and libraries that are 'other educational facilities'. The previous certification system and guidelines were compared and analyzed, and the on-site survey method was used. Finally, it was confirmed that each of the library and the student training facility needed 9 detailed criteria reviews.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.139-148
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• 2020

Due to change in circumstances in the 2000s such as severe birthrate decline and shortened military service period, the armed forces of the Republic of Korea is currently turning to technologies and equipments from manpower, developing it to become high-tech, high-speed, and complex, resulting in an environment in which a single mistake could cause a mass mortality crisis.It is also evident that, considering aspects such as safety training curriculums and achievements of advanced countries and private education, hands-on training is a must in preventing suicides and accidents in the military, and establishing safety training centers is crucial for systematic and effective hands-on training.Soldiers who are joining the army as of now have experienced the Internet ever since they were born and easily use both virtual and augmented reality, and the current level of science and technology has developed to the point where most of the public safety experience centers are able to be replaced by virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR). Therefore, considering the aspects such as installation space, construction costs, maintenance costs, user characteristics, and education effects, other than for those trainings where real models and objects are more effective such as first aid training, it is with a strong recommendation that establishing military safety training facilities with VR/AR (Virtual and augmented reality) is a must in the coming future. We have derived the need for hands-on training by considering the development of virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR), analysis of operation status of the public safety experience centers, characteristics of military units, installation and maintenance costs, and proposed plan to establish safety training centers where effective training performance can be achieved at a lower cost than the public safety experience center. In addition, we suggested the scale of the required safety training center and the composition of the experience rooms considering the number of trainees and the environment of each military units. Given this analysis it will contribute to the prevention of military safety and suicide by building a safety training center in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.503-508
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• 2010

Common LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamp has many advantages to compare with fluorescent lamp, long life and no pollution matter like the mercury. The LED lamp is a good light source especially for shipboard lighting because of its compact structure which prevents explosion and shock. Also, low maintenance cost is expected due to its longer life time in comparison with conventional lamps. The LED lamp, however, need some estimates that change of voltage and frequency, vibration, moisture on board to definite accommodation of the LED lamp to shipboard. The purpose of this study is to compare physical properties of a fluorescent lamp with one of the common LED lamp so as to analyze accommodation of common LED lamp on board. This study was carried out in two stages. First, temperature, humidity of illumination, voltage, electric current, frequency and electric power were measured by using experimental equipments. Second, a comparative analysis of consumption electric power, annual oil charge, annual CO2 emission and lamp life time, etc of the fluorescent lamp and common LED one was made. As a result of the study, the consumption electric power of fluorescent lamp was 50% higher than one of the common LED lamp. As a result of measuring life time, it was found that life time of common LED lamp was more about 3.5 fold than one of the fluorescent lamp. Considering these results, it's thought that common LED lamp is verified that energy saving is possible and using is possible as substitute for fluorescent lamp on board.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.135-144
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to explore strategies for promoting distance education program and for providing total information for teachers about curriculum of distance educational training institute. In 2007, there were 65 institutes of distance education training, but we don't have enough information about curriculum of the institutes. To analyze curriculums of the institutes, it had been selected 33 institutes of 65, and 567 of performance training programs, 317 of optional programs, and 23 of free training programs. The following results were obtained : (1) It calls for easy accessibility to distance educational training institutes (2) It has to overcome biased status that private institutes have more courses than government institutes'. (3) It will be needed to make diverse courses for teacher's capabilities. (4) It calls for course development of several subject matters (5) It will be needed to maintenance for running course continuously. (6) It has to make supporting plan for excellent courses by government.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.1749-1755
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• 2021

Virtual reality is actively applied in the fields of games, entertainment, communication, sports, and architecture. In particular, many virtual reality-based education systems are being developed in the field of education, creating efficient learning effects. In addition, virtual reality-based education is used in areas such as maintenance, fighter control, medical care, and firefighting as it can maximize the educational effect through the mastery process of the function itself through the curriculum as well as indirect experiences of dangerous situations that are difficult to experience. However, due to technical limitations, lack of contents, and lack of theoretical research, the level of application of military education and training is still insufficient. This paper aim to contribute to the development of a virtual reality-based education system as a military training system by developing a high-quality drop training system applicable to military group descent training, studying key technologies and implementation methods necessary for development.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine whether different types of carbohydrate diets with or without exercise changes energy metabolism at rest and during exercise. [Methods] To minimize differences in food and energy intake between experimental groups, mice were pairfed. After 1 week of adaptation, 40 male ICR mice (6 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups: Sta. (high fat + high starch), Scu. (high fat + high sucrose), StaEX. (high fat + high starch + exercise), and SucEX. (high fat + high sucrose + exercise). StaEX. and ScuEX. groups underwent training by running on a treadmill five times a week. After 10 weeks of training, energy metabolism was measured for 24 h and during a 1 h exercise period. [Results] The final body weight showed no significant difference between the groups. However, the weight of abdominal tissues (epididymal, perirenal, and mesenteric adipose tissue) in training groups was markedly decreased following 10 weeks of training. Results of all energy metabolism (24 h at rest and during 1 h of exercise) showed no significant interactions between diet and exercise. A brief summary of the results of the energy metabolism is that the metabolism related indicators over 24 h were more affected by the dietary pattern than the exercise but during the 1 h of exercise, training had more effect on energy metabolism than diet. [Conclusion] Our findings confirm that: (a) the type of carbohydrates included in the diet influence the metabolic responses over 24 h, (b) training had more effect on energy metabolism than diet during 1 h of exercise, (c) both results; abdominal adipose tissue weight and fat oxidation during exercise are suggestive for a beneficial effect of moderate physical activity on weight maintenance.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.160-163
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• 2008

Currently workmen take charge of the maintenance work of bridges. But the process of sealing cracks in damage bridge is dangerous, costly, and labor-intensive operation Labor turnover and training are increasing problems related to crack sealing crews, and as traffic volumes increase, crack sealing operations become increasingly disruptive to the general public. Automation crack sealing can reduce labor and road user costs, improve work quality and decrease worker exposure to bridge hazards. This research aims to develop an automated damage bridge crack sealing system and developing of algorithms for hybrid controlling.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.26-37
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• 2000

This research paper deals with the problem of determining the optimal life time in terms of economical sense for a self-propelled artillery. Equivalent Annual Cost Method(EACM) is used to evaluate the optimal life time, based on the acquisition cost, and the operation and maintenance cost. It is assumed that the operation and maintenance cost includes the costs for spare parts, petroleum and ammunition for training. From the result of this study, the optimal life time for a self-propelled artillery is between 13.9 years and 16.1 years with 95% confidence interval.