• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.93-105
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• 2012

대부분의 터널 조명은 인공조명에 의존하고 있어 조명설비의 유지관리비 및 전력비를 절감하기 위해 자연채광을 적용한 기초연구가 선행되었다. 이에 본 연구는 터널 조경 바형식 반사거울시스템의 채광성능(조도, 휘도)을 평가하였다. 수평면 조도를 측정한 결과, 전체 평균 1,170 lx로 미설치 대비 6.5배 이상 증가하여 채광유효구간에서 구간별 터널기준조도(KSA 3703)를 만족시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 터널 밖으로 나오는 반대편 차로 운전자의 휘도를 측정하여 분석한 결과, 전체 평균 3.01로 현휘 기준치인 10 이내로 평가되어 눈부심이 발생하지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2017

Background: Current therapy for the treatment of neuropathic pain is often unsatisfactory. Considerable variation in treatment pattern still exists in spite of availability of sufficient literature from various guidelines. Recent Indian market data suggested that the utilization (sale) of drugs such as amitriptyline, pregabalin, and gabapentin was more for low-dose unit packs than that of the high-dose unit packs, raising the belief that these drugs are prescribed at a lower dose than is actually recommended in the guidelines. To test this hypothesis, a survey was conducted across speciality throughout the country to observe the prescription pattern of these drugs amongst the health care providers in India. Methods: Three hundred fifty survey forms were distributed of which 281 forms were included for analysis. Results: It was observed that the commonly used initiation and maintenance dose for amitriptyline, pregabalin, and gabapentin was 5-10 mg/day, 50-75 mg/day, and 100-300 mg/day, respectively. The reason to select the lower dosages was to have a balancing effect to achieve good efficacy with minimum side effects. Care-givers reported no side effects/not many side effects as a reason in 22.2%, 16.88%, and 23.86% patients with amitriptyline, pregabalin, and gabapentin, respectively. Sedation and giddiness were commonly reported with all three drugs. Conclusions: Commonly prescribed drugs for management of neuropathic pain, such as amitriptyline, pregabalin, and gabapentin are preferred at lower doses in Indian clinical settings. Acceptable efficacy and low tolerance to the standard dosage is believed to be the reason behind the prescribed dose.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 2008

Background : The purpose of inner cannula is to protect the upper air way and permit air to pass freely, in addition, to provide endotracheal suction, artificial respiration and to maintain adequate oxygen saturation. The tube needs to be sterilized for maintenance and cleanness of air way and for prevention of bronchospasm. However, it has been reported that there is no guideline for sterilization and many hospitals conduct their own sterilization methods, for example, once a day(13's general hospital), three times a day(The Catholic University of Korea ST Mary's hospital) or even no cleansing. Consequently, the QI team of our hospital suggested the SOP(standard operating procedure) of sterilization and evaluate cost and time effect in nursing. Method : 1) Benchmarking of 13's neurosurgery department of general hospital in Seoul 2) Investigation of test records of sputum culture from patients with intubation for tracheotomy 3) Check of results of O2 Sat. monitoring to confirm of maintaining opened air way Result : 1) Improvement of process: decrease of excess sterilization of inner cannula (from 3 times a day to once a day) 2) Cost effects: saving over 10 million won per one year 3) Providing better nursing: time effects (30 min a day) permit to conduct more nursing activities Conclusion : It can get Cost and time effects in nursing with improved sterilization method of inner cannula. It needs to do research on improvement of the monthly exchange protocol of outer cannula and provide supporting data for the proper exchange schedule. The result of additional microorganism detection from patients with new process needs to be evaluated further more.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2011

IATA(International Air Transport Association, 국제항공운송협회)를 중심으로 항공사 시스템과 연계하여 공항 탑승수속 및 보딩업무를 지원하는 공용시스템 국제 기술표준을 기존의 CUTE(Common Use Terminal Equipment)에서 개선된 CUPPS(Common Use Passenger Processing Systems)로의 전환을 추진 중이다. IATA는 향후 공항 공용시스템의 CUPPS 전환 시 탑승수속 및 보딩업무 관련 각종 장비에 대한 표준 인터페이스 구현 및 항공사 어플리케이션 인증을 통해 항공사의 공용시스템 관련 개발 및 유지보수 비용이 감소될 것으로 예상하고 있다. 인천국제공항은 동북아 주요 공항들과 항공사 유치를 위해 치열하게 경쟁하고 있는 상황에서 항공사의 비용절감 효과를 기대할 수 있는 공항 공용시스템의 CUPPS 전환은 필수적이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 CUPPS 국제 기술표준을 기반으로 사용자의 요구사항에 따라 다양한 기능을 지원할 수 있는 인천국제공항의 컴포넌트(Component) 기반 차세대 공용여객처리시스템의 설계와 구현방안을 제시한다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 1999년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.163-167
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• 1999

기존의 관계형 데이터 모델은 복합 객체데이터의 표현, 임의의 데이터 정의ㆍ조작능력, 버전제어, 일반화, 집단화와 같은 의미모델 개념을 지원할 수 없어서 CAD/CAM, 동시 공학(CE), 컴퓨터 통합 생산 시스템(CIM)등의 분야에 응용이 사실상 어려운 문제점을 지니고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 Booch 방법론, Rumbaugh 등의 OMT(Object Modeling Technique), 그리고 Jacobson의 OOSE 방법론 등을 조합하여 고안된 산업표준의 객체지향적 객체/설계 방법론인 UML(Unified Modeling Language)을 이용하여 선박용 핸드레일을 생산하는 기업체의 통합생산관리시스템(IPCS, Intergrated Production Control System)을 업무 기능에 따라 모듈별로 나누어 객체 지향 데이터 모델을 설계하였다. 이러한 객체지향적 데이터 모델의 구축은 생산공정의 효율적 관리, 시스템의 유지, 보수 및 확장을 원활하게 하여 경영합리화를 기대할 수 있다.

• 교육시설
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2008

As a study on the advancement planning for the telecommunications infrastructure of the educational facilities for the purpose of the proliferation of e-learning, this study was conducted with the intents of preparing for the design guidelines to be considered in the initial stage of an architectural design for applying WLANs(wireless LANs), which play a role as the international standard for next generation of telecommunications, to the educational facilities and of making a proposal for changes of the existing computer rooms according to the appearance of new teaching and learning tools, for example, digital textbooks, and the proliferation of personal information devices. In this study, the design guidelines were made by analyzing the elements to be applied to architecture designs as well as understanding the trend of the cabling, pathways and spaces requirements in the area of telecommunications after examining the relevant international standards, such as ANSI and TIA, etc., in order for applying WLANs to the educational facilities. In addition, a field survey was conducted targeting on the elementary schools in 'C' city in order to suggest a proposal for the improvements of operations and maintenance of the existing computer labs and computers. As the results of analyzing the data from the field study, it was surveyed that the following matters should be urgently improved in order for the schools to be developed as Ubiquitous schools in the future: First, the biggest hold-up is how to maintain the desktop computers well. Second, there are some limitations far the students to use the computers enough due to the lack of the number of computers. Third, the computer education for the students is limited to instructing the students in training themselves only for the functions of each kind of application software.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.10-19
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• 2016

최근 공공공사의 BIM (Building Information Modeling)의무 발주 추세와 더불어, BIM 정보를 효과적으로 활용하기 위한 시설물 관리 기술이 다양하게 연구되고 있다. 특히, BIM기반 시설물 관리에 필요한 BIM 정보 표준, BIM 모델링, BIM 서버, BIM-GIS 플랫폼 기술, 3차원 이미지 스캔 기반 역설계와 같은 기술들은 많은 발전을 거듭하고 있다. 하지만, BIM의 시설물 유지관리 적용 범위가 어디까지 될 수 있는 지, 시설물 관리 행위별 주체의 역할은 무엇인지, 기존 시설물 유지관리 시나리오와 BIM기반 시설물 유지관리 시나리오의 차이점과 효과는 무엇인지에 대한 연구는 매우 부족한 상황이다. 본 연구는 BIM 기반 건축 시설물 유지관리 시나리오를 연구하고, 그 효과를 확인한다. 이를 위해, 관련 연구 동향을 분석하고, BIM 기반 시설물 유지관리 적용 범위, 시설물 유지관리 행위별 주체의 역할 등을 분류한 후, 기존 시설물 유지관리 시나리오와 비교 분석을 통해, BIM 기반 시설물 관리 시나리오 효과를 분석하였다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2011

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate exposure levels of various chemicals used in wafer fabrication product lines in the semiconductor industry where work-related leukemia has occurred. Methods: The research focused on 9 representative wafer fabrication bays among a total of 25 bays in a semiconductor product line. We monitored the chemical substances categorized as human carcinogens with respect to leukemia as well as harmful chemicals used in the bays and substances with hematologic and reproductive toxicities to evaluate the overall health effect for semiconductor industry workers. With respect to monitoring, active and passive sampling techniques were introduced. Eight-hour long-term and 15-minute short-term sampling was conducted for the area as well as on personal samples. Results: The results of the measurements for each substance showed that benzene, toluene, xylene, n-butyl acetate, 2-methoxy-ethanol, 2-heptanone, ethylene glycol, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid were non-detectable (ND) in all samples. Arsine was either "ND" or it existed only in trace form in the bay air. The maximum exposure concentration of fluorides was approximately 0.17% of the Korea occupational exposure limits, with hydrofluoric acid at about 0.2%, hydrochloric acid 0.06%, nitric acid 0.05%, isopropyl alcohol 0.4%, and phosphine at about 2%. The maximum exposure concentration of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA) was 0.0870 ppm, representing only 0.1% or less than the American Industrial Hygiene Association recommended standard (100 ppm). Conclusion: Benzene, a known human carcinogen for leukemia, and arsine, a hematologic toxin, were not detected in wafer fabrication sites in this study. Among reproductive toxic substances, n-butyl acetate was not detected, but fluorides and PGMEA existed in small amounts in the air. This investigation was focused on the air-borne chemical concentrations only in regular working conditions. Unconditional exposures during spills and/or maintenance tasks and by-product chemicals were not included. Supplementary studies might be required.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.269-276
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• 2012

The surface characteristics and performance of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) hollow fiber membranes have been systematically investigated at lab- and pilot-scale to assess their application to membrane-bioreactor, particularly for integrating wastewater reclamation and rainwater harvesting. The PTFE membrane expressed some surface features, such as hydrophobicity, which might enhance membrane fouling. However, lab-scale performance and cleaning experiments under various conditions demonstrated that the PTFE membrane could produce the desirable water flux with good cleaning efficiency, implying easy operation and maintenance due to superior chemical resistance of PTFE membranes. Most of effluent water qualities were met with Korean standard for discharge and reuse, except color. Color level was further reduced by blending with rainwater at 75:25 ratio. Based on the lab-scale experimental results, the pilot plant was designed and operated. Pilot operation clearly showed sTable performance with satisfactory water quality, suggesting that PTFE membrane could be applied for decentralized MBR integrated with rainwater use.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1571-1576
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• 2005

DCS has many processing components and various communication elements. And its communication delay characteristic is affected diverse operating situation and context. Especially, binding signal which traversed from one control-node to another control-node undergo all sort of delay conditions. So its delay value has large deviation with the lapse of time, and the measurement of delay statistics during long time is very difficult by using general oscilloscope or other normal instruments. This thesis introduces the design and implementation of PC-based BDAS(Binding Delay Analysis System) System developed to overcomes these hardships. The system has signal-generator, IO-card, data-acquisition module, delay-calculation and analyzer module, those are implemented on industrial standard PC/Ethernet hardware and Windows/Linux platforms. This system can detect accurate whole-system-wide delay time including io, control processing and network delay, in the resolution of msec unit, and can analyze each channel's delay-historic data which is maintained by realtime database. So, this system has strong points of open system architecture, for example, user-friendly environment, low cost, high compatibility, simplicity of maintenance and high extension ability. Of all things, the measuring capability of long-time delay-statistics obtained through historic-DB make the system more valuable and useful, which function is essential to analyze accurate delay performance of DCS system. Using this system, the verification of delay performance of DCS for nuclear power plants is succeeded in KNICS(Korea Nuclear Instrumentation & Control System) projects