• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.202-207
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is main factors (environmental conditions, pattern spacing, pattern material) that effect the ion-migration of PCB. Methods: Recently, the electronic components are becoming more high density of electronic device, so that electronic circuits have smaller pitches between the patten and more vulnerable to insulation failure. so the reliability of electric insulation of device has become an ever important issue as device contact pitches of pattern. Usually, ion-migration occurs in high temperature and high humidity environment as voltage is applied to the circuit. Under high temperature and high humidity, voltage applied electronic components respond to applied voltages by metals's electrochemical ionization and a conducting filament forms between the anode and cathode across a nonmetallic medium. This leads to short-circuit failure of the electronic component. Results: we studied ion-migration that occurs in accordance with the main factors (environmental conditions, pitches, pattern material). The PCB pattern material was made by two different types of material (free solder, OSP) for this research and pitches of pattern is 0.15mm, 0.3mm, 0.5mm. PCB was experimented in the environmental conditions (high temperature $120^{\circ}C$, high temperature and high humidity $85^{\circ}C$, 85%RH) and was analyzed for ion-migration through the experiment results. Conclusion: We confirmed that environmental condition, pitches of pattern, pattern material had effect on ion-migration of PCB.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.27-31
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• 2005

In order to guarantee the safety of railway, the Railway Safety Law (RSL) and ordinances have been enforced. In RSL, the quality certification is required to guarantee the safety and performance of railway components. Therefore, in this investigation, the detailed guidelines and main contents for the enforcement of quality certification for railway components will be suggested, and the detailed items including the procedures, subjects, management, etc., will be addressed.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2011

The study aims to analyze and evaluate the evaluation items and application methods of environment-friendly middle schools in Chungbuk area by case studies. For the study, the criteria and situations of environment-friendly schools are analyzed literally and three environment-friendly middle schools in Chungbuk area selected. The field surveys and faculty interviews are performed. As results, about 35 environment-friendly technologies are applied and 66 to 68 points are acquired in three selected schools. It is analyzed that the PV, natural interior materials, raining recycle system and sufficient green spaces are pointed out as main technologies. About 66% of respondents know the environment-friendly certification and use the environment facilities in classes. However, the unsuitable plants for interior green spaces, unskilled management of recycling facilities and the absent of student participate programs show up as main problems. Also, the active campaigns need to expand the environment-friendly school.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.1508-1513
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• 2006

Currently, the Korean railway safety law (RSL) and its ordinances have been enforced for the guarantee of the safety of railway. In RSL, the quality certification is required to guarantee the safety and performance of railway components or systems. However, not much attention has been focused on the quality certification scheme for railway components or systems since the scheme is relatively new. Therefore, in this investigation, the detailed guidelines and main contents for the enforcement of quality certification for railway components will be suggested, and the detailed items including the procedures, subjects, management, etc., will be addressed. Moreover, a better understanding on quality certification for railway components will be provided.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.39-48
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• 2013

Recently, the using of prefabricated temporary equipments is increasing in the industrial field because it can reduce the installation and dismantling period. The various types of prefabricated temporary equipments are manufacturing with various materials in domestic and overseas countries. However, those equipments should win the safety certificate according to the "Governmental Notification about Safety Certification" which regulate the member-based safety certification. It tends to cause over performance of temporary equipments because it couldn't consider structural benefit of the prefabricated products. As the result of this study, it is concluded that the establishment of new safety certification standard for the prefabricated temporary equipments is resonable and the movable scaffold is appropriate for those prefabricated temporary equipment. The movable scaffolds are using as single structure and cannot be expands horizontally. Other types of temporary equipments are using as complex structure which can freely expand horizontally according to the main structure. From the results of the study, the standard of vertical compression performance of prefabricated movable scaffolds should be more than double the performance of single main frame. Other test items of safety certification standard should be fixed when the Notification is amended. The prefabricated temporary equipments which are adopted for the safety standard on assembled structure should be used, moved and kept in assembled state and not separated discretionally. The establishment of new standard for the assembled structure based on this study leads to the development of various types of temporary equipments using structural efficiency of prefabricated structure.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1000-1023
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• 2011

The government adopts mainly three venture-supporting systems such as Venture Certification, InnoBiz Certification, and MainBiz Certification. This study compares the policy effects of productive aspects and technical inefficiency aspects of Venture Certification and InnoBiz Certification using the data on 'The 2010 Actual Conditions of Venture Enterprise.' With the estimation of production functions, it is found that only 'financing and ease of investment' produces a statistically significant effects on productivity. On the other hands, the other effects of 'the venture certification' do not produce positive effects. However, it is revealed that 'the venture certification policy' primarily reduces technical inefficiencies. The InnoBiz certification policy shows primarily insignificant effects in both sides of the production aspects and technical inefficiency aspects. However, the 'marketing ability effect' produces a positive effect on production and reduces the technical inefficiencies as well.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.15
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• pp.211-238
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• 2001

This article discusses and analyses several issues regarding to the Electronic Signature and the Electronic Certification. The objects of the analyse are the each paragraphs of the Korean Electronic Signature Act of 1999 and that of the Korean Electronic Transaction Basic Act of 1999 in comparing to the paragraphs of the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act' (E-Sign) of 2000, U.S.A. and that of the Draft UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signature of 2000. The main issues discussed herein are the scope of the electronic signature, the definition of the electronic signature, permission of services to the non-authorized certification service providers, the effect of the electronic signature, the liability of the concerning parties of the electronic signature including liability of the certification service providers, that of the subscribers and that of the relying parties. This paper also discusses the problems of the possibility of issuing the electronic negotiable commercial papers, the validity of the electronic signatures done by electronic agents, the authority certificate, mutual certification of the foreign certification service providers, the permission of the electronic notary service, the problems of the consumer protection and the possibility of issuing electronic insurance policy, etc. The writer concludes by suggesting some measures that will activate the use of electronic signatures under the korean circumstances.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.687-693
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• 2013

The service conditions of railway cars have become more difficult in recent years due to increased speed. Faulty components in the railcars may result in service interruption, or in extreme cases, derailment. Thus, it is important to diagnose and monitor the main components of railcars. Temperature monitoring is one of the basic methods used to diagnose abnormal conditions in the main components of railway cars, such as in bearings, reduction gears, and traction motors. In this study, we developed a monitoring system for the main components, using an infrared thermography technique. This technique has the advantage of infrared thermal camera imaging of temperature contours in the components. Various hardware and software components of the monitoring system are used to acquire the sensor data, to identify potential problems in railcar operation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.32-42
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• 2020

In this study, in order to secure the necessity of introducing the safety certification system for the assembled temporary equipment and materials, the feasibility of the introduction was analyzed through literature review, structural analysis, and actual experiments and surveys related to the assembled temporary equipment and materials. In the previous studies, it was found that the research on the assembled temporary equipment and materials was insufficient, and it was possible to grasp the necessity of introducing the safety certification system for the assembled temporary equipment and materials. In addition, in the results of the serious accident analysis, it was found that the soundness of the temporary equipment and materials is determined by the structural characteristics after it was assembled. As a result of the feasibility analysis of the introduction of the safety certification of the assembled temporary equipment and materials through structural analysis, it is possible to effectively and rationally reflect the main geometrical influence factors, and to introduce the safety certification system that can test the procedures and procedures of the assembled temporary equipment and materials and based on it. It was found that there is a need. As a result of feasibility analysis on the necessity of introducing the safety certification system for assembled temporary equipment and materials through actual experiments, the existing single member performance evaluation has limitations in evaluating the structural performance of the assembled temporary equipment and materials. It was found that there is a need to introduce a safety certification system. As a result of gathering opinions on the feasibility of introducing the safety certification system for assembled temporary equipment and materials of manufacturers and users through the survey, it was found that the overall positive response result was high and the effectiveness was high.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 2018

This study investigated the improvement of safety certification marking method and location marked on temporary equipments in order to guarantee the quality and safety of temporary equipments. The survey was performed for the stakeholder (manufacturers, lessors, and users) to find out the effective way that all stakeholder can agree each other. The main reason which users checked the safety certification making is that the mandatory safety certification marking can prevent the usage of poor and illegal temporary equipments. For the marking method, all stakeholder agreed that a depressed engraving method was an effective and usable displaying method. The opinions about the position of safety certification marking among the users, lessors, and manufacturers did not come into the agreement. The manufacturers preferred the marking position in which the engraving process is easy, but users wanted the conspicuous place such as vertical member. However, it is necessary to continuously study ways to adopt the position preferred by the users.