• Title/Summary/Keyword: Magnetic Resonance Method

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Effective Gray-white Matter Segmentation Method based on Physical Contrast Enhancement in an MR Brain Images (MR 뇌 영상에서 물리기반 영상 개선 작업을 통한 효율적인 회백질 경계 검출 방법)

  • Eun, Sung-Jong;Whangbo, Taeg-Keun
    • Journal of Digital Contents Society
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.275-282
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    • 2013
  • In medical image processing field, object recognition is usually carried out by computerized processing of various input information such as brightness, shape, and pattern. If the information mentioned does not make sense, however, many limitations could occur with object recognition during computer processing. Therefore, this paper suggests effective object recognition method based on the magnetic resonance (MR) theory to resolve the basic limitations in computer processing. We propose the efficient method of robust gray-white matter segmentation by texture analysis through the Susceptibility Weighted Imaging (SWI) for contrast enhancement. As a result, an average area difference of 5.2%, which was higher than the accuracy of conventional region segmentation algorithm, was obtained.

Sol-Gel Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Magnetic and Optical Properties in ZnCo2O3 Oxide

  • Das, Bidhu Bhusan;Barman, Bittesh
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.63 no.6
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    • pp.453-458
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    • 2019
  • Synthesis of ZnCo2O3 oxide is performed by sol-gel method via nitrate-citrate route. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) study shows monoclinic unit cell having lattice parameters: a = 5.721(1) Å, b = 8.073(2) Å, c = 5.670(1) Å, β = 93.221(8)°, space group P2/m and Z = 4. Average crystallite sizes determined by Scherrer equation are the range ~14-32 nm, whereas SEM micrographs show nano-micro meter size particles formed in ZnCo2O3. Endothermic peak at ~798 K in the Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) trace without weight loss could be due to structural transformation and the endothermic peak ~1143 K with weight loss is due to reversible loss of O2 in air atmosphere. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis profile shows the presence of elements Zn, Co and O which indicates the purity of the sample. Magnetic measurements in the range of +12 kOe to -12 kOe at 10 K, 77 K, 120 K and at 300 K by PPMS-II Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS) shows hysteresis loops having very low values of the coercivity and retentivity which indicates the weakly ferromagnetic nature of the oxide. Observed X-band EPR isotropic lineshapes at 300 K and 77 K show positive g-shift at giso ~2.230 and giso ~2.217, respectively which is in agreement with the presence of paramagnetic site Co2+(3d7) in the oxide. DC conductivity value of 2.875 ×10-8 S/cm indicates very weakly semiconducting nature of ZnCo2O3 at 300 K. DRS absorption bands ~357 nm, ~572 nm, ~619 nm and ~654 nm are due to the d-d transitions 4T1g(4F)→2Eg(2G), 4T1g(4F)→4T1g(4P), 4T1g(4F)→4A2g(4F), 4T1g(4F)→4T2g(4F), respectively in octahedral ligand field around Co2+ ions. Direct band gap energy, Eg~ 1.5 eV in the oxide is obtained by extrapolating the linear part of the Tauc plot to the energy axis indicates fairly strong semiconducting nature of ZnCo2O3.

The acupuncture mechanism related brain in Medline and the journal of Korean acupuncture & moxibustion (PubMed와 대한침구학회지(大韓針灸學會誌) 논문(論文) 검색(檢索)을 통(通)한 침요법(鍼療法)과 뇌(腦)와의 관계(關係)에 대한 연구동향(硏究動向) 고찰(考察))

  • Kim, Hoo-Dong;Koh, Hyung-Kyun;Kim, Chang-Hwan
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.188-200
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    • 2001
  • Background and Objetive : Acupuncture is a valuable method of oriental medicine with broad application in many disease. It is based on the experiences of traditional oriental medicine as well as on experimentally proven biological (biochemical and neurophysiological) effects. Acupuncture theory has been explained by the meridian system that is thought to be linked with particular organs. However, in western medicine it is held that many disorders are either controlled or affected by the brain. Material and Method : In order to review the studies concerned with the mechanism related brain, we have referred to the Pubmed site and the Journal of Korean acupuncture and moxibustion Result and Conculsion : Among the 12 studies in the Journal of Korean acupuncture and moxibustion, 8 papers related neurotransmitters were done by experimental study, 4 papers related brain mapping were done by clinical study. Among the 8 studies related brain mapping in the Pubmed site, 6 clinical studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) were done and I clinical study using single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) was done, I paper was review article. By the above result, it would be needed further research on the acupuncture mechanism related brain using SPECT, fMRI, positron emission tomography(PET) etc.

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The Analysis of Brain Tumor's Grades Using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (대뇌 종양에서 자기공명 분광법 적용 결과의 분석 연구)

  • Yun, Sang-Jun;Lim, Jong-Soo
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.355-365
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    • 2008
  • Purpose : This study isto determine the grade of brain tumor and compare the characteristics in each grade using in MRS (MR Spectroscopy). Method : STEAM (Stimulated Echo Acquisition Method) and protocol of PRESS (Point Resolved Spectroscopy) were used in the levels of tumor grade. We classified the pattern of tumor and analysis of the spectrum signals quantitatively from voxel in the brain tumor grade. In accordance with the result, we calculated the accuracy of biochemical. Result : In high-grade tumor, the NAA/Cr showed the signal reduction of 29.4% and 53.9%. However Cho/Cr increased 570% and 711%. However, in low-grade tumor, NAA/Cr downed to 42.6% and 58.1%. Cho/Cr increased to 188% and 195%. Conclusion : The study suggests that the comparative analysis of signals from MR spectroscopy could be useful to evaluate the grade of tumor and find out the characteristics of it. By extension, MR spectroscopy can be used for research with other organs in the human.

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Study on Power Line Coupler for Auxiliary Power to Overhead Line (철도 전차선의 보조전원을 위한 전력선 커플러 연구)

  • Lee, Gunbok;Yi, Kyung-Pyo;Kim, Myung Yong;Lee, Su Gil;Chang, Sang Hoon
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.29 no.7
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    • pp.566-569
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    • 2018
  • A power line coupler that can apply high-frequency power to a railway overhead line structure was analyzed. It is difficult to supply auxiliary power to an overhead line in a high-voltage environment, and doing so requires a long-distance transfer. A method is proposed that utilizes the resonance on the Rogowski coil, which does not use a magnetic core. A simple overhead line structure was fabricated that consisted of a contact wire, messenger wire, and dropper. Couplers of various sizes were fabricated and deployed on the messenger wire, and the transfer characteristics of the two couplers were compared at a distance. As a result of applying the matching circuit to the coupler, the transmission efficiency was 53% at a distance of 2.5 m. The proposed method shows that it is possible to apply the auxiliary power by using the existing conductor in a special structure, such as the overhead line.

Neuroscience based human resource management at Midas IT Co._A case study (마이다스아이티의 뇌과학 기반 인적자원 관리 사례 연구)

  • Lee, Jee-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.240-248
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    • 2020
  • Over the past 20 years, brain science has developed rapidly thanks to new technologies such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), leading to more accurate knowledge of human nature and behavioral changes. This knowledge is also actively applied in the field of management. This research aimed to gain insights into how neuroscience can be incorporated into management through the case of Midas IT Co. This construction software company has a separate organization with the purpose of studying brain science, and it makes and implements human resource management policies based on brain science. The founder Lee Hyung-woo has a humanist management philosophy, and the company's brain science research supports that philosophy. The case study method was adopted as the research method, and procedures such as interviews and direct observation, participation observation, and document information were carried out. The company's human resource management system can be explained by a brain science model called "SCARF", which combines various neuroscience discoveries. As this model suggests, the company has improved the trust and satisfaction of its members by reducing threat of status and by increasing certainty, autonomy, relationship, and fairness in the workplace, resulting in the creation of a platform for creativity, integrity, and high performance.

Evaluation of the Utility of Self Produced MRI Radiofrequency Shielding Material (자체 제작한 자기공명영상 고주파 차폐체의 유용성 평가)

  • Lee, Jin-Hoe;Lee, Bo-Woo
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.11 no.11
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    • pp.89-94
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    • 2020
  • This paper proposes a better shielding method to over sampling technique. The new method uses aluminum foil for RF shielding. As a result of the phantom test, when the over-sampling technique was applied, the aliasing artifact was reduced by about 94% compared to before the application, and the case where the aluminum shielding band was applied was also reduced by about 92% compared to before application. In addition, the scan time also increased by more than 3 times in the case of the over-sampling technique, while it was found that there was no change from before the application of the aluminum shielding band Therefore, it was confirmed that the shielding band using aluminum foil can effectively remove aliasing artifacts without increasing the scan time..

2 Year Follow-Up Study of Orbitofrontal Cortex Volume in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (강박장애 환자에서의 안와전두피질 용적의 2년 추적 연구)

  • Kim, Sung-Nyun;Kang, Do-Hyung;Yoo, So-Young;Roh, Kyu-Sik;Chang, Joon-Hwan;Choi, Jung-Seok;Ha, Tae-Hyon;Kwon, Jun-Soo
    • Anxiety and mood
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.94-100
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    • 2006
  • Objective : This study was designed to examine the volumetric abnormality of orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and its change after 2 years of pharmacotherapy in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients. Method : Volumetric magnetic resonance imaging studies were conducted in 15 OCD patients and 13 normal volunteers. For 2 years, all patients took at least one serotonin reuptake inhibitor and atypical antipsychotics were used as an augmentation therapy in most patients. The follow-up MRI studies were conducted after the pharmacotherapy and OFC volumes were measured by the manual region of interest method. Results : Bilateral OFC volumes of 15 OCD patients were significantly greater than those of the normal volunteers before the treatment. After 2 years of the treatment, significant decrease was observed in bilateral OFC volumes of OCD patients to the extent that left OFC volume of OCD patients was not different from that of the normal volunteers. Conclusion : This finding suggests that OFC is directly related to the pathophysiology of obsessive compulsive disorder.

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Alternative Input Lower Weight Information Method Error to Reduce Specific Absorption Rate in MRI (자기공명영상 검사 시 환자정보의 체중을 낮게 입력하여 전자파흡수율을 감소시키는 대안의 오류)

  • Choi, Kwan-Woo
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.472-477
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to correct the error of lower weight input method as an alternative to reduce the specific absorption rate(SAR) in MRI. In order to prove that the SAR values not change according to the weight entered into the patient information, the 50kg phantom is placed in the coil and the input weight is changed from 10 to 100 in 10kg units to compare the SAR values. As a result, T1-weighted images had a SAR rate of 0.2W/kg and T2-weighted images had an average of 0.4W/kg. In conclusions, the SAR does not change according to the weight input by the technician before the scan, a lower weight when inputting patient information cannot be an alternative to reduce the SAR.

Clinical Outcomes of Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma : A Comparative Study between Conservative and Surgical Treatment

  • Kim, Tackeun;Lee, Chang-Hyun;Hyun, Seung-Jae;Yoon, Sang Hoon;Kim, Ki-Jeong;Kim, Hyun-Jib
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.52 no.6
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    • pp.523-527
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    • 2012
  • Objective : The incidence of spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is rare. Patients with SSEH, however, present disabling neurologic deficits. Clinical outcomes are variable among patients. To evaluate the adequate treatment method according to initial patients' neurological status and clinical outcome with comparison of variables affecting the clinical outcome. Methods : We included 15 patients suffered from SSEH. Patients were divided into two groups by treatment method. Initial neurological status and clinical outcomes were assessed by the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale. Also sagittal hematoma location and length of involved segment was analyzed with magnetic resonance images. Other factors such as age, sex, premorbid medication and duration of hospital stay were reviewed with medical records. Nonparametric statistical analysis and subgroup analysis were performed to overcome small sample size. Results : Among fifteen patients, ten patients underwent decompressive surgery, and remaining five were treated with conservative therapy. Patients showed no different initial neurologic status between treatment groups. Initial neurologic status was strongly associated with neurological recovery (p=0.030). Factors that did not seem to affect clinical outcomes included : age, sex, length of the involved spinal segment, sagittal location of hematoma, premorbid medication of antiplatelets or anticoagulants, and treatment methods. Conclusion : For the management of SSEH, early decompressive surgery is usually recommended. However, conservative management can also be feasible in selective patients who present neurologic status as ASIA scale E or in whom early recovery of function has initiated with ASIA scale C or D.