• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.897-904
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• 2010

This study assessed the quality of barley Dasik manufactured, according to traditional methods, with various levels of Maesil (Prunus mume) extracts at weight percentages of 0% (BD1), 10% (BD2), 20% (BD3), 30% (BD4), 40% (BD5). The Dasik were analysed with proximate analysis, a sugar content analysis, Hunter's color value test, mechanical characteristics test and a sensory evaluation. Increased ratios added Maesil extracts led to the moisture content, crude ash, and crude fat to significantly increase (p<.001). 10% (BD2) had significantly higher levels of crude protein (p<.01). Sugar contents was highest in 0% (BD1) and decreased as the amount of added Maesil extracts increased. This increase also led to higher L-values and b-values of chromaticity (p<.001) and the a-value of 0% (BD1) was significantly higher than the sample groups (p<.001). Changes in texture profile analysis, hardness and gumminess values were highest in the control group and the values of those in the sample group decreased with increasing amounts of Maesil extract (p<.001). It should be noted that, among the samples evaluated, barley Dasik that contained 10% Maesil extract (BD2) had the highest commercial value.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.1227-1234
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• 2019

Prunus mume, also known as maesil, is a popular fruit consumed in East Asia (Korea, Japan, and China). It contains high amounts of organic acids, minerals, and polyphenols and has been used as a medication for fever, vomiting, and detoxification. In this study, the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of solvent fractions from maesil were evaluated using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assays, morphological evaluations, Hoechst 33258 staining, and western blotting. Addition of the maesil methanol fraction (MMF) and the maesil butanol fraction (MBF) significantly and dose-dependently decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Colony-forming assays confirmed that the MMF and MBF treatments decreased colony numbers when compared with untreated control cells. Treatment of HT-29 cells with MMF and MBF caused a distortion of the cell morphology to a shrunken cell mass. Treatment with MMF and MBF also dose-dependently increased nuclear condensation and the formation of apoptotic bodies in HT-29 cells. Treatment with MMF and MBF significantly and dosedependently increased the expression of Bax (a pro-apoptotic protein), caspase-3, and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 (an anti-apoptotic protein). MMF significantly and dose-dependently inhibited cell proliferation induced by bisphenol A, an environmental hormone. Therefore, MMF may have potential use as a functional food and as a possible therapeutic agent for the prevention of colon cancer.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.130-135
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• 2010

Picrate, enzyme-picrate and instrumental analysis methods using IC (Ion Chromatography) and HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) were compared for their effectiveness in determining cyanide in extracts of Maesil, which is classified as a harmful substance. First, the picrate method showed the shortest analysis time (about 5 hr). The color of picrate paper changed at 0.01 mg/$200\;mL\;CN^-$. However, it was difficult to detect cyanide from amygdalin of glucosides. Second, we performed a qualitative analysis for total cyanide (free cyanide and cyanide from amygdalin) by the enzyme-picrate method using $\beta$-glucosidase and a quantitative analysis by spectrophotometry. Finally, analysis of cyanide by IC and HPLC required the longest determining time (about 17 hr) as well as pretreatment for each free cyanide and amygdalin. These results suggest that enzyme-picrate is the most effective analysis method for the detection of cyanide in Maesil extracts.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1111-1119
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• 2019

Prunus mume, known as maesil in Korea, has been widely cultivated in East Asia and used as medication and food. However, because most of the previous studies concerning P. mume had been investigated its under extract state, detailed studies are still required for its extensive utilization. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities of solvent fractions of P. mume ethanol extracts. The ethyl acetate fraction showed higher DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity than other fractions. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of ethyl acetate fraction was 67.79%; ABTS radical scavenging activity was 60.03%; reducing power ($OD_{670}$) was 1.26; and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity was 93.18% at $500{\mu}g/ml$. Also, the ethyl acetate and methanol fraction showed effective levels of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibition activity (69.25% and 72.29% at $500{\mu}g/ml$). Total polyphenol contents and total flavonoid contents of the ethyl acetate fraction were 88.28 mg/g (gallic acid equivalent) and 70.38 mg/g (quercetin equivalent), respectively. These results suggest that the physiological activities of the ethyl acetate fraction are associated with its polyphenol and flavonoid contents. Therefore, this study can be used as basic data for developing natural antioxidants and potential functional material using P. mume.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.429-434
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• 2013

This study was designed to investigate the formation of ethyl carbamate (EC) during the ripening of Maesil with sugar and Soju (19.5~35% alcohol contents) using a homemade method. Maesil, sugar and Soju were purchased at ordinary market in June of 2012. The preparation of sample for analysis was conducted by method of Henry et al. The analysis of GC/MS was used SIM mode (m/z 89, 74, 62). Quantification was performed in terms of the 62 ion and was based on an internal standard procedure. Good linearity was obtained with a regression coefficient ($r^2$ = 0.993). Low detection limits (LOD) was achieved 4.31 ug/kg and recovery for alcohol was 74.8%. During 90 days, fermentation with sugar was not detected EC (under LOQ). 15 days ripened Maesil wine contained EC between non detected~32.7 ug/kg and 90 days ripened Maesil wine was 19.7~87.4 ug/kg. Higher proportion of Maesil and Soju increased EC contents. EC levels were increased 32.7 ug/kg to 87.4 ug/kg in the ratio of Maesil to 35% alcohol-Soju (1:1). In the ratio of Maesil to 35% alcohol-Soju (1:3) was increased non detected to 69.7 ug/kg. After 90 days, Maesil wine was filtered Maesil through a seive and ripened by 180 days to investigate the formation of EC compared with non filtered. Treatment of filtered, EC contents was much higher level compared with non filtered. Therefore, this result showed that alcohol contents contribute to increase EC formation more than Maesil.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.184-192
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• 2012

The present study was designed to examine the potential antidiabetic and antioxidant effect of ethanol extract from $Prunus$ $mume$ fruit (PME) against alloxan-induced oxidative stress in pancreatic ${\beta}$-cells, HIT-T15. To evaluate the antidiabetic effect of PME, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliu bromide (MTT) cell proliferation assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, $NAD^+$/NADH ratio and insulin secretion were assessed. We also measured its antioxidant effect against alloxan-induced oxidative stress in the cells by assessing the levels of the antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). The results of this analysis showed that alloxan significantly decreased cell viability, increased LDH leakage, and lowered $NAD^+$ /NADH ratio and insulin secretion in HIT-T15 cells. However, PME significantly increased the viability of alloxan-treated cells and lowered LDH leakage. The intracellular $NAD^+$ /NADH ratio and insulin secretion were also increased by 1.5~1.9-fold and 1.4-fold, respectively, after treatment with the PME. The HIT-T15 cells treated with alloxan showed significant decreases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, while PME significantly elevated the levels of antioxidant enzymes. Based on these results, we suggest that PME could have a protective effect against the cytotoxicity and dysfunction of pancreatic ${\beta}$-cells in the presence of alloxan-induced oxidative stress.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.801-809
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• 2015

Homotypic cell adhesion (homotypic aggregation) in activated monocytes plays a central role in physiological and pathological processes including inflammatory responses, differentiation and migration. The extract of the Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. fruit (Maesil) has potential benefits to human health; such as anti-viral, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer activities. Indeed, Maesil extract may modulate inflammatory responses via interference with homotypic aggregation in monocytes. In the present study, the molecular mechanisms underpinning the therapeutic efficacy of Maesil extract in inflammatory diseases were investigated. It was found that Maesil extract inhibited homotypic aggregation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated monocytes. This was mediated by reduction of nitric oxide (NO) production, partly via inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in LPS-activated THP-1 cells. It was confirmed that NO inhibition is a key mechanism in Maesil induced blockade of monocyte aggregation through identification of reversal of this inhibitory effect by the NO-producing agent S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine (SNAP). In addition, Maesil extract significantly attenuated LPS-induced IκB-α phosphorylation and NF-κB translocation into the nucleus. In conclusion, Maesil extract exerts anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of homotypic aggregation of LPS-activated monocytes through mechanisms involving the suppression of NO production and NF-κB activity, suggesting Maesil extract as a potential therapeutic candidate for the prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2002

The effects of nitrite scavenging. electron donating and N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA) formation in vitro arid green tea(Camellia sinensis) and Maesil(Prunus mume) were studied. The green tea and Maesil extracts were tested for their nitrite-scavenging effect under the different pH conditions such as pH 1.2, 4.2 aud 6.0. The effects of nitrite-scavenging in all concentrations were diminished in the alkali condition, while its effects in the acidic condition of pH 1.2 were reached of more than 99.0% by adding above 0.5ml of green tea extract. And also, nitrite-scavenging effect by adding 3ml of Maesil extract was about 77.0%. The electron donating ability(EDA) of green tea and Maesil extracts was 70.6%, 75.1%, respectively. The formation of NDMA was very effectiveness which was inhibited 82.1%, 73.2% at reaction mixture of pH 2.5 adding 3ml of above extracts. respectively . The ground CW. TW1 and TW2 (refer to Table 1) diets were incubated with 10m1 simulated saliva and 40m1 gastric juice at 37$^{\circ}C$ for 2hrs. NDMA formation was inhibited at all levels of green tea and Measil extracts.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.88-94
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• 2000

The purpose of this presents is to investigate, using natural food extracts(Green tea; Camellia sinesis, Du'chung; Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, Eu sung cho; Houttuynia cordate Thunb, Sam back cho; Saurus Chinensis, Baek hwa sa seal oho; Oldenladia diffusa Roxb., Laver; Porphyra tenera, Sea mustard; Undaria pinnatifda and Sea staghorn; Condium fragile) and juices(Sweet pepper; Capsicum annuum var. angulosum, Kale; Brassia oleracea var. acephala, Cucumber; Cucumis sativus, Onion; Allium cepa, Tomato; Lycopericon esculentum, Maesil; Prunus mume, Plum; Prunus salicina and Grape; Vitis spp.), the effect of natural plant components on the nitrite-scavenging under the different levels of pH. From the above mentioned extracts and juices, the content of vitamin C was detected, containing 65.1∼77.1 mg/100g, at the highest level in the Green tea, and followed by vegetables and fruits in order. The nitrite scavenging effect of teas, medicinal plants, and seaweed extracts, in the reaction system under the condition of pH 1.2, were 57.0∼100%, 50.0∼100%, and 18.0∼99.0%, respectively. Especially, the nitrite was scavenged to the level of 100%1 when 10 ml of kale and 5 ml of maesil Juice

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.453-458
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the quality change of pork rectum by addition of maesil. pH of the pork rectum was decreased by the addition of maesil in a dose dependent manner. The changes in the L and a color values of both raw pork rectum and cooked pork rectum by storage were negligable. The b color value of raw pork rectum was certainly increased in the early stage of storage. The b value of cooked pork rectum, which was slightly dropped by addition of maesil, was decreased as storage progressed. In both raw and cooked pork rectum, thiobarbituric acid value (TBA) was significantly decreased in a dose dependent manner up to 5% addition of maesil. The volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) content in the ground pork rectum was conspicuously decreased by the addition of maesil. Consequently, the storage time of both raw and cooked pork rectum was extended more than 4 days by the 5% addition of maesil.