• 생명과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.182-187
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 알킬화제인 methylmethane sulfonate (MMS)를 선처리한 NIH3T3세포에서 소목추출물의 효과를 분석하였다. MTT 분석결과 MMS에 의해서 유도된 세포생존률이 소목추출물에 의해서 감소되었다. 세포형태분석, acridine orange 염색법, 그리고 DNA fragmentation 분석에서 MMS에 의해서 유도된 세포고사의 특징인 핵 응축 및 DNA laddering이 소목추출물에 의해서 증가됨이 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과들로 소목추출물은 NIB73T3 세포에서 MMS에 의해서 유도된 세포고사를 촉진시킴을 보여준다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.132-136
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• 1992

The whole plants of Selaginella tamariscina, Orostachycis japonicus, the cortex of Ulmus mandshurica, and the wood of Alnus japonica have been used as folk medicine for treating cancer. The cytotoxic activity of these plants were tested using a calorimetric tetrazolium assay (MTT assay). S. tamariscina and A. japonica showed mild $IC_{50}$ value, comparing with O. japonicus and U. mandshurica. So, MeOH extracts of S. tamariscina and A. japonica were partitioned into $CHCl_3$, EtOAc and n-BuOH, successively. The $CHCl_3$, EtOAc and BuOH fractions of S. tamariscina and A. japonica showed low percent of survival against $P_{388}$ and $MKN_{45}$ cells respectively. To isolate active components, they were subjected to silica gel column chromatography. Compound I was obtained from EtOAc extracts of S. tamariscina and identified as amentoflavone by chemical and spectral analysis. Amentoflavone inhibited the survival of P388 cells dose dependently, while not clearly inhibited that of $MKN_{45}$ cells.

• 약학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.310-319
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• 2001

To compare skin irritation and cytotoxicity of anti-wrinkle agents, we examined skin irritation of six anti-wrinkle agents (ascorbic acid, glycolic acid, all trans-retinoic acid, ginseng extract, retinol, EB) in New Zealand white rabbit. Cytotoxicity of these agents was determined by MTT [tetrazolium salt 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] at multi-time points in cultured HaCaT cell, a human immortalized keratinocyte cell. We then analyzed correlation between skin irritation and cytotoxicity by spearman's rank correlation analysis. All trans-retinoic acid showed the highest primary irritation index (0.92) in skin irritation test. Being all the six agents not irritant, retinal showed the most cytotoxic agents. The correlation between skin irritation and cytotoxicity ($IC_{50}$/ at different time point was 0.814, 0.757, 0.814 and 0.7 at 3, 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. We also fecund that IC$_{20}$ and IC$_{80}$ of these agents showed similar correlation with skin irritation. These results therefore demonstrated that there is close correlation between skin irritation and cytotoxicity $IC_{50}$/ value by MTT in HaCaT cell at early time points by anti-wrinkle agents or IC$_{20}$ value. $IC_{50}$/ at earily time point or IC$_{20}$ values may be reliable alternative determinant of skin irritation.n.

• 약학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.369-377
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• 1999

A new series of highly water soluble platinum(II) complexes {Pt(II)[1,3-bis(phenylthio) propane](trans- -1,2-diaminocyclohexane) (PC-1) and Pt(II)[1,3-bis-(phenythio)propane] cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane(PC-2)} were synthesized, and characterized by their elemental analysis and by various spectroscopic techniques[infrared(IR), 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)]. In vitro antitumor activity of new Pt(II) complexes was tested against P-388 and L-1210 mouse lymphocytic leukemia cell lines, PC-14 / P, PC-14/ADM and PC-14 / CDDP human pulmonary adenocarcinima, DU-145 human prostate carcinoma, HT-1376 human bladder carcinoma, ZR-75-1 human breast carcinoma, MKN-45/P and MKN-45/CDDP human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines using colorimetric MTT[3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide] assay for cell survival and proliferation. PC-1 showed active against L-1210, P-388 leukemia, human lung, stomach, prostate, bladder and breast cancer cell lines, and the antitumor activity of these compounds were comparable or superior to those of PC-2 and displatin. The nephrotoxicities of PC-1 and PC-2 were found quite less than that of cisplatin using MTT and [3H] thymidine uptake in rabbit proximal tubule cells and human kidney cortical cells. Based on these results, this novel platinum (II) complex compound (PC-1) represents a valuable lead in the development of a new anticancer chemotherapeutic agent capable of improving antitumor activity and low nephrotoxicity.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제13권3_4호
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• pp.87-94
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• 1998

The use of cisplatin is limited by severe side effects such as renal toxicity. Our platinum-base drug discovery is aimed at developing drugs capable of diminishing toxicity and improving antitumor activity. We synthesized new Pt (II) complex analogue [Pt (cis-DACH)(DPPP)]. 2NO$_3$ (PC) containing cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane as a carrier ligand and 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino) propane as a leaving group. Furthermore, nitrate was added to improved the solubility. In this study, its structure was determined and its antitumor activity against SKOV-3 and NIH-OVCAR-3 human ovarian adenocarcinoma, and in vitro cytotoxicity was determined against primary cultured rabbit kidney proximal tubular and renal cortical cells of human kidney using colorimetric MTT assay. PC demonstrated acceptable antitumor activity against SKOV-3 and NIH-OVCAR-3 human ovarian adenocarcinoma and significant activity as compared with that of cisplatin. The toxicity of PC was found quite less than that of cisplatin using MTT and $^3$H-thymidine uptake tests in rabbit proximal tubular cells and human kidney cortical cells. PC was used for human cortical tissue in 7 weeks hitoculture by the glucose-consumption tests. We determined that the new platinum drug has lower nephrotoxicity than cisplatin. Based on these results, this novel platinum (II) complex compound (PC) represent a valuable lead in the development of a new anticancer chemotherapeutic agent capable of improving antitumor activity and low nephrotoxicity.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.418-426
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• 2016

Studies have been conducted on fermentation products known to increase biological activity through bioconversion of mycelium. In this study, ethanol extract of waxy sorghum (WS) and ethanol extract of waxy sorghum fermented with Phellinus linteus mycelium (WSPM) were prepared, and functional component contents, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity were analyzed. Total polyphenol contents and total flavonoid contents of WSPM were higher than those of WS. In addition, the ${\beta}-glucan$ content of WS was higher than that of WSPM. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities showed that WSPM had higher antioxidant activity than WS at all concentrations. Analysis of SOD-like activity also showed higher antioxidant activity in WSPM. MTT assay demonstrated that WSPM exhibited high inhibitory activity in all cancer cells, and in particular, in HeLa cells with the highest inhibition. A concentration-dependent increase in anticancer activities of WS and WSPM was detected in all cancer cells, which was identical to the SRB assay result. MTT and SRB assay showed the increased cytotoxicity of WSPM in cancer cells. Therefore, it is expected that WSPM can be used as a functional food material.

• 약학회지
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.398-403
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• 2011

Ligusticum chuanxiong (Umbelliferae) is a perennial herb that has been used for invigoration of blood in Korean traditional medicine. It is especially important in gynecological therapy of amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea. In this study, the essential oil of L. chuanxiong was obtained by steam distillation and its main components of L. chuanxiong, Z-ligustilide and butylidene phthalide, were isolated by silica gel column chromatography. We investigated the cytotoxic effects of the essential oil fraction of L. chuanxiong and its main components on MCF-7, HeLa and SK-Hep-1 cell lines by measuring the number of surviving cancer cells after treatment through direct cell counting and MTT analysis, and by examining the morphological changes under the microscope. The essential oil from the rhizomes of L. chuanxiong and its main components showed significant cytotoxic activities for all three tested cell lines. We also observed morphological changes of shrinking and blebbing in the membranes of the three cell lines, depending on the concentration of L. chaunxiong oil or its main components.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.613-619
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• 2005

Indigenous Yakutian cattle' adaptation to the hardest subarctic conditions makes them a valuable genetic resource for cattle breeding in the Siberian area. Since early last century, crossbreeding between native Yakutian cattle and imported Simmental and Kholmogory breeds has been widely adopted. In this study, variations at 22 polymorphic microsatellite loci in 5 populations of Yakutian, Kholmogory, Simmental, Yakutian-Kholmogory and Yakutian-Simmental cattle were analysed to estimate the genetic contribution of Yakutian cattle to the two hybrid populations. Three statistical approaches were used: the weighted least-squares (WLS) method which considers all allele frequencies; a recently developed implementation of a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method called likelihood-based estimation of admixture (LEA); and a model-based Bayesian admixture analysis method (STRUCTURE). At population-level admixture analyses, the estimate based on the LEA was consistent with that obtained by the WLS method. Both methods showed that the genetic contribution of the indigenous Yakutian cattle in Yakutian-Kholmogory was small (9.6% by the LEA and 14.2% by the WLS method). In the Yakutian-Simmental population, the genetic contribution of the indigenous Yakutian cattle was considerably higher (62.8% by the LEA and 56.9% by the WLS method). Individual-level admixture analyses using STRUCTURE proved to be more informative than the multidimensional scaling analysis (MDSA) based on individual-based genetic distances. Of the 9 Yakutian-Simmental animals studied, 8 showed admixed origin, whereas of the 14 studied Yakutian-Kholmogory animals only 2 showed Yakutian ancestry (>5%). The mean posterior distributions of individual admixture coefficient (q) varied greatly among the samples in both hybrid populations. This study revealed a minor existing contribution of the Yakutian cattle in the Yakutian-Kholmogory hybrid population, but in the Yakutian-Simmental hybrid population, a major genetic contribution of the Yakutian cattle was seen. The results reflect the different crossbreeding patterns used in the development of the two hybrid populations. Additionally, molecular evidence for differences among individual admixture proportions was seen in both hybrid populations, resulting from the stochastic process in crossing over generations.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.325-335
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• 2018

본 연구는 화장품 소재로서 인삼복합물의 가능성을 확인하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 우리는 인삼복합물 에탄올 추출물을 사용하여 항염증, 미백 효과에 대한 생물학적 활성 평가를 수행하였다. 시료는 인삼(A), 상황(B), 리기다소나무(C)를 각 70% 에탄올로 추출한 후 (A)1 : (B)1 : (C)0.5의 비율로 혼합한 시료를 사용하였다. 대식세포(RAW 264.7 cells)내에서 시료의 항염증 효과를 평가하기 위해 MTT assay를 이용한 샘플의 독성평가와 nitric oxide 생성 저해 활성 및 염증관련 단백질 및 유전자의 발현량을 확인하였다. 시료의 미백 효과를 평가하기 위해서 멜라노마(B16F10 cell)를 이용해 MTT assay를 통한 샘플의 독성평가, cellular tyrosinase 저해율 측정 및 멜라닌 생합성량을 측정하였다. LPS로 유도된 RAW 264.7 세포내에서 시료의 nitric oxide 저해 활성 결과는 $25{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 71.2%의 우수한 효능을 나타내었으며 western blot 실험결과 iNOS, COX-2 단백질의 발현은 농도 의존적으로 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. Tyrosinase 활성 억제 실험에서 인삼복합물의 농도 $50{\mu}g/mL$에서 36.8%의 감소를 나타냈으며 멜라닌 생합성 억제 평가 결과에서 농도 $50{\mu}g/mL$에서 47.8%의 감소를 나타냈다. 상기 실험 결과로부터 인삼복합물의 우수한 항염증, 미백 효능을 확인하였으며 향후 안전한 천연 화장품 원료로 사용될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.507-513
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• 2012

본 연구는 초상자성 산화철 나노입자 (SPIONs)의 세포독성평가 및 SPIONs를 uptake한 뇌신경교종 (glioblastoma multiforme, GBM) 세포의 방사선 세포생존곡선을 구하기 위해 수행되었으며, 본 연구의 결과는 양성자선과 SPIONs 이용한 GBM의 양성자선 치료선량 정보 등 양성자선 치료효과를 개선하기 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. SPIONs의 세포독성을 평가는 in vitro 실험 후 MTT 분석법을 이용하여 수행하였다. 독성평가 결과 $1{\sim}100{\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서는 세포생존율의 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 하지만 $200{\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서는 세포생존율이 74.2%로 감소하며 세포독성을 나타냈다. SPIONs가 uptake 된 U373MG세포와 uptake 되지 않은 U373MG세포에 0~5 Gy의 양성자선을 조사하여 각각에 대한 세포생존곡선을 측정한 결과를 분석하여 SPIONs가 uptake된 U373MG세포의 세포생존율이 더 급격히 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 결론적으로 SPIONs가 uptake 된 세포에서는 보다 적은 선량으로도 세포사멸을 유도할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 GBM에 SPIONs를 타겟팅하면 양성자선을 이용한 뇌신경교종 치료효과를 개선할 수 있음을 보였다.