• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2007

Demineralized bone particle (DBP) has been used as one of the powerful inducers of bone and cartilage tissue specialization. In this study, we fabricated DBP/PLGA scaffold for tissue engineered disc regeneration. We manufactured dual-structured scaffold to compose inner cylinder and outer doughnut similar to nature disc tissue. The DBP/PLGA scaffold was characterized by porosity, wettability, and water uptake ability. We isolated and cultured nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells from rabbit intervertebral disc. We seeded NP cells into the inner core of the hybrid scaffold and AF cells into the outer portion of it. Cellular viability and proliferation were assayed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl) -2,5- diphenyltetrazolium -bromide (MTT) test. PLGA and PLGA/DBP scaffolds were implanted in subcutaneous of athymic nude mouse to observe the formation of disc-like tissue in vivo. And then we observed change of morphology and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Formation of disc-like tissue was better DBP/PLGA hybrid scaffold than control. Specially, we confirmed that scaffold impregnated 20 and 40% DBP affected to proliferation of disc cell and formation of disc-like tissue.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2014

Objectives : In this report, we investigated the effect of ethanol extract of Syzygium aromaticum(L.) Merr. & Perry.(SAE) on the RBL-2H3 cell-mediated allergic response and studied its possible mechanisms of action. Methods : Cytotoxicity on RBL-2H3 cell was evaluated by MTT assay. Anti-allergic activity of SAE was assessed by ${\beta}$-Hexosaminidase and Histamine secretion, ${\beta}$- Hexosaminidase and Histamine secretion were measured by ELISA assay. Evaluate the mechanisms of effect of SAE on the secretion of degranulate mediators, we examined the effect of SAE on the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases using western blot analysis. Results : SAE had no cytotoxicity on rat basophilic leukemia cell(RBL-2H3). Moreover SAE dose-dependently inhibited RBL-2H3 cell degranulation and histamine release. SAE specifically blocked the IgE-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. Conclusions : Our findings provide evidence that Syzygium aromaticum ethanol extract inhibits mast cell derived allergic reaction, and also demonstrate the involvement of p38 MAPK phosphorylation.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.381-392
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• 2004

Arsenic trioxide($As_2O_3$) was introduced into the treatment of refractory or relapsed acute promyelocytic Ieukemia. Some investigators have reported that arsenic trioxide had induced apoptosis in a variety of solid human tumor cell lines, including non-small cell lung cancer. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) are powerful chemopreventive agents for gastrointestinal cancers and the growth of established tumors are reduced by inducing apoptosis. It's also reported that NSAIDs enhanced tumor response to chemotherapeutic drugs or radiation. In this study, we aimed to determine whether combination of arsenic trioxide with sulindac augmented its apoptotic potential in NCI-H157 human lung cancer cells. The human lung cancer cell line NCI-H157 was treated with arsenic trioxide and sulindac. Cell viability was measured by the MTT assay. Apoptosis was measured by nuclear staining and flow cytometric analysis. The catalytic activity of the caspase families were measured by the fluorogenic cleavage of biosubstrates. The western blotting were also performed to define the mechanical basis of apoptosis. Combination treatment of arsenic trioxide and sulindac decreased the viability of NCI-H157 human lung cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. The catalytic activity of caspase-3, 8 and 9 proteases were increased after combination treatment. Consistently PARP was cleaved from 116kDa to 85kDa fragments, and the expression of ICAD was decreased by time-dependent manner. Also combination treatment increased the expression of Fas and Fas/L. Combination therapy of arsenic trioxide with sulindac augments cell death and induces apoptosis via the activation of caspase cascade in NCI-H157 human lung carcinoma cells.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.337-344
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• 2015

Medicinal plants containing wellness-fusion-complex compound are increasingly being pursued as suitable alternative sources of various biological properties. In this study, inhibitory effect of Quintinia acutifolia, which is a New Zealand plant, on P388 murine lymphocytic leukemia cells using MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide] assay. Based on $^1H-NMR$, $^{13}C-NMR$ spectral data and other spectral analysis, 2,3,2'',3''-tetrahydroochanaflavone (1) and 2'',3''-dihydroochana-flavone (3) inhibited the leukemia cells were purified from the plants. 2,3,2'',3''-tetrahydroochanaflavone (1) and 2'',3''-dihydroochana-flavone (3) are biflavonoids possessing two basic flavonoids and actively inhibited growth of P388 murine lymphocytic leukemia cells with a 50% inhibitory concentration ($IC_{50}$) of $8.2{\mu}g/mL$ and $3.1{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Specially, 2'',3''-dihydroochana-flavone (3) possessed unconjugated flavonone system, which isn't consist of a pair with B ring of 2,3,2'',3''-tetrahydroochanaflavone (1). Therefore, the two compounds could be considered as a candidate for development of anticancer drugs and need to much studies in the future.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.164-170
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• 2014

This study was designed to find an appropriate biomaterial to proliferate Schwann cell (SC). Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) films mixed with demineralized bone particle (DBP), small intestine submucosa (SIS), and silk were fabricated by a solvent casting method. Analysis of MTT, SEM and RT-PCR were performed to confirm adhesion and proliferation of SC. Contact angle of films was assayed for hydrophilicity of films. We confirmed that PLGA/DBP 20% film showed higher hydrophilicity, promoted adhesion and proliferation of SC than other films. It was concluded that PLGA/DBP film can be applied for the scaffold biomaterials for the regeneration of central nerve system.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2014

Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) plays an important role in maintaining the visual function and the degeneration of the RPE causes several retinal degeneration disease. In order to fabricate the suitable carrier for RPE transplantation, the hybrid poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) film with hesperidin was prepared. Hesperidin has an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics. ARPE-19 was seeded on hesperidin/PLGA film and then, cell proliferation was determined by the MTT assay, and cell adhesion and cell morphology were confirmed by SEM. Also, RT-PCR was performed to confirm the expression of the specific genes, and AEC immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the expression of RPE65. As a result, we confirmed that attachment, proliferation and phenotype maintenance of RPE cells were more excellent on hesperidin/PLGA film than PLGA film, thereby we were able to confirm the potential applications of hesperidin/PLGA film as tissue engineering carrier for regeneration of retina.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.265-271
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• 2021

Nanoparticles are substances that are smaller in size and smaller than cells that make up the skin. Therefore, they are very suitable as mediators for transmitting drugs or genes across cell membranes, and also deliver specific ingredients into the skin.In this study, nanoparticles were extracted from mugwort and particles of around 100 nm were obtained through dynamic light scattering (DLS), and the results of concentration-dependent enhancement of cell viability in fibroblasts were obtained through MTT assay. In addition, it was confirmed that the COL1A1 mRNA expression level was increased and the IL-6 mRNA expression level was decreased through the quantitative real-time PCR analysis method. Moreover, as these nanoparticles were confirmed to be stable, they can be applied not only to cell experiments but also to cosmetic formulations. While the demand for plant-derived ingredients continues to increase, excluding chemical ingredients from the recent cosmetics industry trend, there is a limitation in that there are few research results suggesting the application field of plant-derived nanoparticles. Therefore, in order to overcome the limitations of the cosmetic industry at the present time, the results obtained in this study present nanoparticles derived from Artemisia princeps (NDAP) as a highly functional cosmetic material.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.261-276
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• 2009

Lactacystin, a microbial natural product synthesized by Streptomyces, has been commonly used as a selective proteasome inhibitor in many studies. Proteasome inhibitors is known to be preventing the proliferation of cancer cells in vivo as well as in vitro. Furthermore, proteasome inhibitors, as single or combined with other anticancer agents, are suggested as a new class of potential anticancer agents. This study was undertaken to examine in vitro effects of cytotoxicity and growth inhibition, and the molecular mechanism underlying induction of apoptosis in SCC25 human tongue sqaumous cell carcinoma cell line treated with lactacystin. The viability of SCC25 cells, human normal keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and human gingiva fibroblasts (HGF-1 cells), and the growth inhibition of SCC25 cells were assessed by MTT assay and clonogenic assay respectively. The hoechst staining, hemacolor staining and TUNEL staining were conducted to observe SCC25 cells undergoing apoptosis. SCC25 cells were treated with lactacystin, and Western blotting, immunocytochemistry, confocal microscopy, FAScan flow cytometry, MMP activity, and proteasome activity were performed. Lactacystin treatment of SCC25 cells resulted in a time- and does-dependent decrease of cell viability and a does-dependent inhibition of cell growth, and induced apoptotic cell death. Interestingly, lactacytin remarkably revealed cytotoxicity in SCC25 cells but not normal cells. And tested SCC25 cells showed several lines of apoptotic manifestation such as nuclear condensation, DNA fragmentation, the reduction of MMP and proteasome activity, the decrease of DNA contents, the release of cytochrome c into cytosol, the translocation of AIF and DFF40 (CAD) onto nuclei, the up-regulation of Bax, and the activation of caspase-7, caspase-3, PARP, lamin A/C and DFF45 (ICAD). Flow cytometric analysis revealed that lactacystin resulted in G1 arrest in cell cycle progression which was associated with up-regulation in the protein expression of CDK inhibitors, $p21^{WAF1/CIP1}$ and $p27^{KIP1}$. We presented data indicating that lactacystin induces G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptois via proteasome, mitochondria and caspase pathway in SCC25 cells. Therefore our data provide the possibility that lactacystin could be as a novel therapeutic strategy for human tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.147-160
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• 2011

Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) is a natural phenolic constituent extensively used in dentistry as a component of zinc oxide eugenol cement and is applied to the mouth environment. Chios gum mastic (CGM) is a resinous exudate obtained from the stem and the main leaves of Pistacia lenticulus tree native to Mediterranean areas. This study was undertaken to investigate the synergistic apoptotic effect of co-treatment with a natural product, CGM and natural phenolic compound, eugenol on SCC25 human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line. To investigate whether the co-treatment with eugenol and CGM compared to each single treatment efficiently reduces the viability of SCC25 cells, MTT assay was conducted. Induction and augmentation of apoptosis were confirmed by Hoechst staining, TUNEL staining and DNA hypoploidy. Westen blot analysis and immunofluorescent staining were performed to study the alterations of the expression level and the translocation of apoptosis-related proteins in co-treatment. In this study, co-treatment of with eugenol and CGM on SCC25 cells showed several lines of apoptotic manifestation such as nuclear condensations, DNA fragmentation, the increase and decrease of Bax and Bcl-2, decrease of DNA content, the release of cytochrome c into cytosol, translocation of AIF and DFF40 (CAD) onto nuclei, and activation of caspase-3, caspase-6 caspase-7, caspase-9, PARP, Lamin A/C and DFF45 (ICAD) whereas each single treated SCC25 cells did not show or very slightly these patterns. Although the single treatment of 40 ${\mu}g$/ml CGM and 0.5 mM eugenol for 24 h did not induce apoptosis, the co-treatment of these reagents prominently induced apoptosis. Therefore our data provide the possibility that combination therapy with CGM and eugenol could be considered as a novel therapeutic strategy for human oral squamous cell carcinoma.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.233-237
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• 2008

The essential oil was obtained from the aerial part of Rhododendon mucronulatum Turcz. var. ciliatum Nakai by steam distillation, samples were collected by headspace (HS) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) methods, and the compositions of the oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Nineteen constituents were identified from the essential oil: 15 carbohydrates, 3 alcohols, and 1 acetates. Major constituents were 2-${\beta}$-pinene (16.1%), camphene (11.9%), ${\delta}$-3-carene (11.4%), d,l-limonene (9.5%), and ${\gamma}$-terpinene (9.5%). By SPME extraction, seventeen constituents were identified: 13 hydrocarbons, 1 alcohol, 1 nitrogen-containing compound, 1 acetate, and 1 amine. Major constituents of the SPME-extracted sample were cam phene (19.6%), 2-${\beta}$-pinene (18.0%), ${\delta}$-3-carene (17.4%), trimethyl hydrazine (9.7%), ${\gamma}$-terpinene (8.5%), and d,l-limonene (5.5%). By HS extraction, thirteen constituents were identified: 11 hydrocarbons, 1 alcohol, and 1 nitrogen-containing compound. Major constituents of the HS-extracted sample were camphene (25.8%), ${\delta}$-3-carene (24.8%), 2-${\beta}$-pinene (20.2%), d,l-limonene (5.4%), tricyclene (5.1%) and trimethyl hydrazine (4.6%). The fragrance of the essential oil was coniferous, balsamic, and woody, and the $IC_{50}$ value of the essential oil was 0.030 ${\mu}g/mg$ in MTT assay using UaCaT keratinocyte cell line.