• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.609-619
• /
• 2017

A Manufacturing Readiness Assessment (MRA) was adapted to prevent the probable ascending expense, poor quality, and delay from the development to production phase and assess the level of manufacturing readiness in 2012. Consequently, there are positive effects on improving the quality to identify the manufacturing risks during the production of military supplies and manage the issues in advance. On the other hand, because the appraisee is becoming accustomed to preparing for MRA checklists tailoring, it was found to intensify the MRA points more than before, which damages the goal of the MRA. This paper proposes the quantitative MRA methodology using MWV (Manufacturing Readiness Level 8 Weighted Value) to define and measure the HOM8, DOM8, ICOM8, and M8RA to reflect the history of MRA, the difficulties of MRA checklists, the intrinsic cruciallity and risk assessment of program, which can overcome the problems mentioned before. This paper shows the MWV of four weapon system programs to be carried out and an analysis of the proposed MRL 8 methodology.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.29 no.8
• /
• pp.1063-1068
• /
• 2000

Objectives : To determine the contribution of cranial magnetic resonance angiography(MRA) for the evaluation of patients with ischemic cerebrovascular accident. Methods : Magnetic resonance image(MRI) and MRA studies performed on 34 patients with ischemic stroke were retrospectively reviewed with the clinical records. Results : There were 9 transient ischemic attacks and 25 completed strokes in our series. Twenty-three of 34 MRA examinations(68%) were positive for stenosis or occlusion. The distribution of stenotic or occlusive vascular lesions were correlated with the location of infarction in 22 of the 23 positive cases(96%). MRA provided additional information not obtained from the MRI in 19 cases(56%). Conclusions : Vascular lesions demonstrated on intracranial MRA show a high correlation with infarct distribution. MRA provided information adjunctive to conventional MRI in a majority of cases. We conclude that MRA is an important noninvasive component of the complete evaluation of ischemic stroke.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.44-50
• /
• 2015

The computational efficiency of flow simulations with Multi-resolution analysis (MRA) was enhanced via the boundary treatment of the computational domain. In MRA, an adaptive dataset to a solution is constructed through data decomposition with interpolating polynomial and thresholding. During the decomposition process, the basis points of interpolation should exceed the boundary of the computational domain. In order to resolve this problem, the weight coefficients of interpolating polynomial were adjusted near the boundaries. By this boundary treatment, the computational efficiency of MRA was enhanced while the numerical accuracy of a solution was unchanged. This modified MRA was applied to two-dimensional steady Euler equations and the enhancement of computational efficiency and the maintenance of numerical accuracy were assessed.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.217-223
• /
• 2005

Tight integration between design and analysis processes and the data representation in the ship design application domain have been studied in this paper. Multi-Representation Architecture for design and analysis integration, proposed at Georgia Institute of Technology, has been carefully investigated for the application in the initial ship design stage. The MRA approach facilitates efficient generation of analysis models from the initial ship design data, thus reducing design lead time. Easy generation of analysis model is important because it allows quick analysis iteration under frequent design changes. The SMM, ABB and PBAM are defined for the analysis model of the typical ship structure. Only a part of the typical initial ship design data has been considered in the experimental implementation of the proposed approach. However, the prototype implementation shows that the application of MRA approach in the structural ship design domain is quite feasible. It is also contemplated that the same approach can be extended for other design and analysis views in the ship design domain.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.756-760
• /
• 2005

WTO의 출현으로 국제 무역환경은 더 이상 자국 산업 보호를 위한 방파제를 사용하지 못하도록 무역상기술장벽(TBT) 협정을 체결하였으며, 더 나아가서는 각국의 승인제도를 일치 또는 조화시키려는 상호인정협정(MRA)을 추진하고 있다. 이에 세계 각국은 새로운 환경 변화에서 자국의 이익을 극대화하기 위한 적극적으로 MRA를 추진하고 있는 상황이다. 또한 최근 중요성이 높아지고 있는 정보통신기기 MRA는 향후 우리나라 정보통신산업에 막대한 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인이 되고 있다. 여기서는 정보통신기기 MRA에 대한 전반적인 이해와 더불어 특히 그 중요성이 부각되고 있는 APEC 정보통신 MRA의 최근 동향을 중심으로 살펴봄으로써, 국제적 환경변화에 대한 우리나라의 시사점에 대해서 살펴보고자 한다.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.285-308
• /
• 2000

We generalize bi-orthogonal (non-orthogona) MRA to frame MRA in which the family of integer translates of a scaling func-tion forms a frame for the initial ladder space V0. We investigate the internal structure of frame MRA and establish the existence of a dual scaling function, and show that, unlike bi-orthogonal MRA, there ex-ists a frame MRA that has no (frame) 'wavelet'. Then we prove the existence of a dual wavelet under the assumption of the existence of a wavelet and present easy sufficient conditions for the existence of a wavelet. Finally we give a new proof of an equivalent condition for the translates of a function in L2(R) to be a frame of its closed linear span.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.75-78
• /
• 1997

A dual birdcage RF coil is proposed for MRI and MRA of the human leg. The proposed coil c can be used to cover the whole human leg by imaging upper and lower parts of the leg separately. In the conventional leg imaging scheme using a single RF coil, the leg has to be r relocated when changing the position of the RF coil thus causing problems in matching the i images from two sets of coils. When using the proposed dual RF coil, however, only the bed h has to be moved to select the imaging region while only one part of the dual coil is used each t time by using current switching and PIN diodes. The utility of proposed coil has been verified b by volunteer MRI and MRA and the imaging results show that the coil is useful for the clinical MRI and MRA of the leg.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.23-28
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study is to compare the 3-dimensional MR angiography(MRA) with digital subtraction angiography(DSA) for the evaluation of pedal artery. MR angiography was performed using three-dimensional FISP acquisition before, and four sequential acquisitions after the injection of gadolinium(0.2 mmol/kg, 3 ml/sec). MRA was compared with DSA for a correct identification of the arterial segment. Out of 168 segments, 32 segmints were invisible in both MRA and DSA. At the level of ankle, 48 segments were visible in both examinations, and 18 segments were visible only in MRA. In the foot area, 34 segments were visible in MRA, but not in DSA. Three arterial segments were visible only in DSA. 3D MRA is comparable to DSA for the evaluation of pedal artery, thus it gives additional Information for the planning of treatment in lower extremity artery.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.51 no.12
• /
• pp.180-188
• /
• 2014

It is very important accurate diagnosis and quick treatment in cerebrovascular disease, i.e. stenosis or occlusion that could be caused by risk factors such as poor dietary habits, insufficient exercise, and obesity. Time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA), it is well known as diagnostic method without using contrast agent for cerebrovascular disease, is the most representative and reliable technique. Nevertheless, it still has measurement errors (also known as overestimation) for length of stenosis and area of occlusion in celebral infarction that is built by accumulation and rupture of plaques generated by hemodynamic turbulence. The purpose of this study is to show clinical trial feasibility for 3D-SPACE T2, which is improved by using signal attenuation effects of fluid velocity, in diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease. To model angiostenosis, strictures of different proportions (40%, 50%, 60%, and 70%) and virtual blood stream (normal saline) of different velocities (0.19 ml/sec, 1.5 ml/sec, 2.1 ml/sec, and 2.6 ml/sec) by using dialysis were made. Cross-examinations were performed for 3D-SPACE T2 and TOF-MRA (16 times each). The accuracy of measurement for length of stenosis was compared in all experimental conditions. 3D-SPACE 2T has superiority in terms of accuracy for measurements of the length of stenosis, compared with TOF-MRA. Also, it is robust in fast blood stream and large stenosis than TOF-MRA. 3D-SPACE 2T will be promising technique to increase diagnosis accuracy in narrow complex lesions as like two cerebral small vessels with stenosis, created by hemodynamic turbulence.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.389-398
• /
• 2018

An MRA is considered to be an important policy tool within the WTO for overcoming technical barriers to trade. A number of studies on the economic impact of MRAs have demonstrated their positive economic effects. However, no studies have been conducted on MRAs in the pharmaceutical industry since analysis has been limited to industries as a whole or certain industries where some data were accumulated. Therefore, this paper analyzed the economic impact of MRAs for GMP inspection exemption in the pharmaceutical industry through the Conditional Valuation Method (CVM), a valuation technique for non-market goods. Pharmaceutical companies were asked whether or not they were willing to pay for the Korea-EFTA MRA through double-bounded dichotomous choice (DBDC) questions. The final WTP was estimated using the utility difference model developed by Hanemann (1984). As a result, annual economic effects on the pharmaceutical industry were estimated to be between KRW7.03 billion to KRW15.8 billion.