Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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The economic effect of Korea-EFTA Mutual Recognition Agreement in the pharmaceutical industry using Conditional Valuation Method (CVM)

조건부가치평가법(CVM)을 이용한 한-EFTA간 제약 산업 상호인정협약 체결의 경제적 효과 분석

  • Received : 2018.03.02
  • Accepted : 2018.05.04
  • Published : 2018.05.31
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Abstract

An MRA is considered to be an important policy tool within the WTO for overcoming technical barriers to trade. A number of studies on the economic impact of MRAs have demonstrated their positive economic effects. However, no studies have been conducted on MRAs in the pharmaceutical industry since analysis has been limited to industries as a whole or certain industries where some data were accumulated. Therefore, this paper analyzed the economic impact of MRAs for GMP inspection exemption in the pharmaceutical industry through the Conditional Valuation Method (CVM), a valuation technique for non-market goods. Pharmaceutical companies were asked whether or not they were willing to pay for the Korea-EFTA MRA through double-bounded dichotomous choice (DBDC) questions. The final WTP was estimated using the utility difference model developed by Hanemann (1984). As a result, annual economic effects on the pharmaceutical industry were estimated to be between KRW7.03 billion to KRW15.8 billion.

상호인정협약(MRA)은 무역기술장벽(TBT) 극복을 위한 WTO 틀 내의 중요한 정책수단이다. MRA의 경제적 효과와 관련된 연구는 대부분 인터뷰와 간단한 설문조사를 통해 그 효과를 확인하거나 MRA체결을 통해 면제되는 제품의 심사비용이 명확하고 계량분석이 가능한 데이터가 축적된 정보통신산업 등에서 제한적으로 계량 분석을 통해 비용절감 효과와 수출에 미치는 영향을 제시한다. 이러한 연구결과는 모두 MRA 체결이 긍정적 경제효과를 가져오는 것으로 분석되었다. 그러나 제약 산업의 MRA체결에 대해 직접 경제적 효과를 분석한 연구는 없다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 EFTA와의 GMP 실사 면제 MRA체결의 경제효과를 비시장재의 가치 추정 방법인 조건부가치평가법(CVM)을 통해 분석하였다. 먼저 제약 기업을 대상으로 EFTA권역과의 MRA 체결 의의와 효과를 설명하고, 가상의 시장을 설정하여 GMP 실사 면제에 대한 연회비 형태의 지불의사를 이중경계양분형질문을 통해 조사하였다. 이를 Hanemann(1984)이 제시한 효용차이모형을 통해 중간값 WTP와 절단된 평균 WTP를 산출하였고, 이를 바탕으로 전체기업의 경제효과를 산출한 결과 연간 최소 70.3억에서 최대 약 158억의 경제적 효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

Keywords

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