• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.145-151
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• 2010

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disorder of the periodontium and is characterized by destruction of the tooth supporting tissues, mediated by the upregulation of synthesis and release of a variety of pro-inflammatory factors. Inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins upregulate RANKL and its subsequent binding to RANK stimulates osteoclast formation, resorption activity, and survival. In our present study, we investigated the effects of HP08-0111, composed of Coptis japonica (Thunb.) Makino, vitamin C and vitamin E, upon inflammatory responses, osteoclastogenesis and alveolar bone loss. HP08-0111 decreased the expression of IL-1$\beta$ and COX2 on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells and inhibited osteoclast-specific genes such as c-Fos, MMP-9, and TRAP. HP08-0111 also exhibited protective effects against alveolar bone loss in rats with ligature-induced periodontitis. Our results suggest that HP08-0111 is potentially an important therapeutic tool for the treatment of disorders associated with bone loss such as periodontitis.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2021

In this study, we investigated inhibitory effect of Tripeptide against particulate matter (PM)-induced damage in human keratinocytes. PM-induced cell death was inhibited by Tripeptide and the activity of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) also inhibited by Tripeptide resulting in reduced expression of its downstream targets, cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 (CYP1A1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which are responsible for toxic metabolites production and inflammation. Furthermore, PM-induced expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and apoptosis-related factors were decreased by anti-oxidant activity of Tripeptide. From these results, it has been shown that the Tripeptide has protective effect against PM-induced skin damage not only through the inhibiting of keratinocyte death but also through the inhibiting the secretion of several damage-inducing factors to adjacent skin tissue. And the results suggested that Tripeptide with anti-pollution effect could be applied as a new functional cosmetic material.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2008

Purpose: We evaluated the therapeutic effect of AEE788, a dual inhibitor of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor tyrosine kinases on human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) cells growing in nude mice. Experimental Design: We examined the effects of AEE788 on salivary ACC cell growth and apoptosis. To determine the in vivo effects of AEE788, nude mice with orthotopic parotid tumors were randomized to receive oral AEE788 (50 mg/kg) three times per week, injected paclitaxel ($200{\mu}g$) once per week, AEE788 plus paclitaxel, or placebo. Mechanisms of in vivo AEE788 activity were determined by immunohistochemical analysis. Results: Treatment of salivary ACC cells with AEE788 led to growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis. AEE788 inhibited tumor growth and prevented lung metastasis in nude mice. Furthermore, AEE788 potentiated growth inhibition and apoptosis of ACC tumor cells mediated by paclitaxel. Tumors of mice treated with AEE788 and AEE788 plus paclitaxel exhibited down-regulation of activated EGFR and its downstream mediators (Akt and MAPK), increased tumor and endothelial cell apoptosis, and decreased microvessel den-sity, which correlated with a decrease in the level of MMP-9, MMP-2 and bFGF expression and a decrease in the incidence of vascular metastasis. Conclusions: These data show that tumor-associated endothelial cells are important in the process of tumor-metastasis. And VEGFR can be a molecular target for therapy of metastatic lung lesion of salivary ACC.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.125-136
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• 2019

The radish skin and radish greens are an edible part of the radish. But they are removed before eating the radish and used as a byproduct or an animal feed material because of their tough and rough texture. Melanin is a pigment that gives colour to our skin. But increased production of melanin can turn into benign or malignant tumours. These days due to global warming, the amount of Ultra violet (UVB) rays has been extensively increased with sunlight. Due to this, a phenomenon called exogenous photo aging is widely observed for all skin colour and types. As a result of this phenomenon, a set of enzymes called matrix metalloproteinases (MMP's) that serves as degradation enzymes for extracellular matrix proteins mainly collagen is increased, causing depletion in collagen and resulting in early wrinkles formation. Therefore in our study we used the murine melanoma cell line B16/F10 to study the melanogenesis inhibition by Heated radish extract (HRE) in vitro and we used HRM-2 hair less mice exposed to artificial UVB for checking the efficacy of Heated radish extract in vivo. Furthermore, we prepared a 3% Heated radish extract (HRE) cream and checked its effects on human skin. Our results have clearly demonstrated that Heated radish extract (HRE) have potently suppressed the tyrosinase activity and melanin production in B16/F10 cells. It had also reduced the expression of components involved in melanin production pathway both transcriptionally and transitionally. In in vivo studies, HRE had potently suppressed the expression of MMP's and reduced the wrinkle formation and inhibited collagen degradation. Moreover, on human skin, ginseng cream increased the resilience, skin moisture and enhanced the skin tone. Therefore in light of these findings, we conclude that HRE is an excellent skin whitening and antiaging product.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.56-62
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• 2019

To investigate the effect of Bombycis Corpus on male osteoporosis, we performed Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry(DEXA) and histochemical methods. The animals were used ICR-based male mice of 8 weeks and 50 weeks, respectively. ICR male mice at 8 weeks were used in the control group, and ICR male mice at 50 weeks were used in aging group and Bombycis Corpus group(BC group). In the aging group, 0.5 ml of distilled water was administered once a day for 6 months. In BC group, Bombycis Corpus(0.78g/kg) was dissolved in distilled water for 6 months once a day. As a result, Bombycis Corpus decreased bone loss, increased bone density by reducing the loss of bone matrix in the femur due to aging, and increased osteoblast - induced osteopontin(OPN) and osteocalcin(OPC) positivite reaction. In addition, administration of Bombycis Corpus decreased Reaction of activation of nuclear factor kappa B ligand(RANKL) positive reaction, increased osteoprotegerin(OPG) positive reaction, and decreased matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG) positivite reaction. Taken together, Bombycis Corpus increases the activity of osteoblasts, inhibits osteoclast function, promotes osteoblast function, inhibits bone tissue degradation, and inhibits bone loss due to oxidative stress. It was observed that Bombycis Corpus reduced bone loss and increased bone density caused by aging to improve male osteoporosis. Therefore, Bombycis Corpus may be used as a preventive and therapeutic agent for male osteoporosis.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.640-654
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• 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of sodium salicylate (SS) on semen preservation and metabolic regulation in goats. Methods: Under the condition of low temperature, SS was added to goat semen diluent to detect goat sperm motility, plasma membrane, acrosome, antioxidant capacity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and metabonomics. Results: The results show that at the 8th day of low-temperature storage, the sperm motility of the 20 μM SS group was 66.64%, and the integrity rates of the plasma membrane and acrosome were both above 60%, significantly higher than those of the other groups. The activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the sperm of the 20 μM SS group were significantly higher than those of the control group, the contents of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were significantly lower than those in the control group, the MMP was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the contents of Ca²⁺ and total cholesterol were significantly higher than those in the control group. Through metabonomics analysis, there were significant metabolic differences between the control group and the 20 μM SS group. Twenty of the most significant metabolic markers were screened, mainly involving five metabolic pathways, of which nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolic pathways were the most significant. Conclusion: The results indicate that SS can effectively improve the low-temperature preservation quality of goat sperm.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 2016

Black chokeberries (scientific name Aronia melanocarpa) have been reported to have major effects due to anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer capabilities. In this study, we investigated the anti- wrinkle effects of A. melanocarpa, including collagenase inhibition effects and their molecular biological mechanisms, such as oxidative stress-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, and activator protein (AP)-1 expression and/or phosphorylation. In collagenase inhibition activity, the ethyl acetate fraction of black chokeberry (AE) was 77.2% at a concentration of 500 μg/ml, which was a significant result compared to that of Epigallocatechin gallate (positive control, 83.9% in 500 μg/ml). In the reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, the AE produced 78% of ROS in 10 μg/ml and 70% of ROS in 75 μg/ml, which was a much lower percentage than the ROS production of H₂O₂-induced CCRF S-180II cells. In the MTT assay, cell viability was increased dose-dependently with AE in H₂O₂-induced cells. In protein expression by western blot assay, the AE suppressed the expression and phosphorylation of MMPs (MMP-1, -3, -9), MAPK (ERK, JNK, and p38), and AP-1 (c-Fos and c-Jun), and expressed the pro-collagen type I in H₂O₂-induced cells. These results suggest that black chokeberries have anti-wrinkle and collagen-production effects, and they may be used in applications for material development in the functional food and cosmetic industries.

• Exercise Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.229-237
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• 2017

PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the Glycolysis mediated sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) $Ca^{2+}$ signal regulates mitochondria $Ca^{2+}$ during skeletal muscle contraction by using glycolysis inhibitor. METHODS: To examine the effect of Glycolysis inhibitor on SR and mitochondria $Ca^{2+}$ content, we used skeletal muscle fiber from gastrocnemius muscle. 2-deoxy glucose and 3-bromo pyruvate used as glycolysis inhibitor, it applied to electrically stimulated muscle contraction experiment. Intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ content, SR, mitochondria $Ca^{2+}$ level and mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) was detected by confocal microscope. Mitochondrial energy metabolism related enzyme, citric acid synthase activity also examined for mitochondrial function during the muscle contraction. RESULTS: Treatment of 2-DG and 3BP decreased the muscle contraction induced SR $Ca^{2+}$ increase however the mitochondria $Ca^{2+}$ level was increased by treatment of inhibitors and showed and overloading as compared with the control group. Glycolysis inhibitor and thapsigargin treatment showed a significant decrease in MPP of skeletal muscle cells compared to the control group. CS activity significantly decreased after pretreatment of glycolysis inhibitor during skeletal muscle contraction. These results suggest that regulation of mitochondrial $Ca^{2+}$ levels by glycolysis is an important factor in mitochondrial energy production during skeletal muscle contraction CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that mitochondria $Ca^{2+}$ level can be regulated by SR $Ca^{2+}$ level and glycolytic regulation of intraocular $Ca^{2+}$ signal play pivotal role in regulation of mitochondria energy metabolism during the muscle contraction.

• BMB Reports
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.91-96
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• 2010

The function of macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) in cancer remains controversial, and its signaling pathways remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that MIC-1 induces the transactivation of EGFR, ErbB2, and ErbB3 through the activation of c-Src in SK-BR-3 breast cells. MIC-1 induced significant phosphorylation of EGFR at Tyr845, ErbB2 at Tyr877, and ErbB3 at Tyr1289 as well as Akt and p38, Erk1/2, and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Treatment of SK-BR-3 cells with MIC-1 increased the phosphorylation level of Src at Tyr416, and induced invasiveness of those cells. Inhibition of c-Src activity resulted in the complete abolition of MIC-1-induced phosphorylation of the EGFR, ErbB2, and ErbB3, as well as invasiveness and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression in SK-BR-3 cells. Collectively, these results show that MIC-1 may participate in the malignant progression of certain cancer cells through the activation of c-Src, which in turn may transactivate ErbB-family receptors.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.59-75
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was performed to determine the inhibitory effect of Polygonum multiflorum(PM) on melanin synthesis in B16F10. Methods: The Inhibitory effects of Polygonum multiflorum(PM) on melanin synthesis were determined by in-vitro assay. To elucidate inhibitory effects of Polygonum multiflorum on melanin synthesis, we determined the melanin release and melanin production in B16F10. And to investigate the action mechanism, we assessed the gene expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, MMP-2, PKA, PKC, ERK-1 ERK-2, AKT-1, MITF in B16F10. Results: 1. PM inhibited melanin-release, melanin production in B16F10. 2. PM inhibited tyrosinase activity in vitro and in B16F10. 3. PM suppressed the expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1 in B16F10. 4. PM suppressed the expression of PKA in B16F10. 5. PM suppressed the expression of ERK-1, ERK-2, AKT-1 in B16F10. 6. PM suppressed the expression of MITF in B16F10. Conclusion: From these results, it may be concluded that PM possesses the antimelanogenetic effects.