• Title/Summary/Keyword: ML-Agents

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Cytotoxic Effect of Korean Traditional Prescriptions on the Human Gastric Cancer Cell Lines (한약처방제의 인체 위암 세포주에 대한 세포독성 효과에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Eun-Hae;Eun, Young-Ah;Kang, Bong-Joo;Sung, Hyun-Jae;Park, Kap-Joo
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.233-238
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    • 1997
  • ln order to search for antigastric cancer agents from Korean traditional prescriptions. We selected 41 traditional prescriptions, based on a review of the Korean traditional medicine books. Both boiling water and methanol extracts were tested, by means of the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) protein assay. Six of the 41 water extracts; #3, #34, #35, #38, #40, #41 showed efficacy against gastric cancer cell (AGS: Human gastric carcinoma, ATCC HTB 103). #3 inhibited 50% cancer cell growth1 at the concentration of $152\;{\mu}g/ml$, #34, #35, #38, #40 and #41 inhibited 50% cancer cell growth at the concentration of $145\;{\mu}g/ml$, $129\;{\mu}g/ml$, $173\;{\mu}g/ml$, $10\;{\mu}g/ml$ and $19\;{\mu}g/ml$ respectively. Ten of the 41 methanol extracts; #1, #3, #32, #33, #35, #36, #37, #38, #41 were active. #1 inhibited 50% cancer cell growth at the concentration of $206\;{\mu}g/ml$, #3, #32, #33, #35, #36, #37, 738, #40, #41 inhibited 50% cancer cell growth at the concentration of $133\;{\mu}g/ml$, $159\;{\mu}g/ml$, $199\;{\mu}g/ml$, $147\;{\mu}g/ml$, $113\;{\mu}g/ml$, $187\;{\mu}g/ml$, $130\;{\mu}g/ml$, $9\;{\mu}g/ml$, $15\;{\mu}g/ml$ respectively. Prescription #3, #35, #38, #40, #41 were also interesting because both methanol and water extracts were active.

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Cytotoxic Activities of Indigenous Plant Extracts in Cultured Human Cancer Cells

  • Min, Hye-Young;Park, Hyen-Joo;Kim, Young-Leem;Lee, Eun-Jin;Hwang, Hye-Jin;Park, Eun-Jung;Lee, Sang-Kook
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.170-172
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    • 2002
  • In continuous efforts for discovery of novel potent antitumor agents from natural products, fifty-seven methanolic extracts derived from indigenous Korean plants were primarily evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activity in cultured human lung (A549) and colon (Col2) cancer cells. As a result, 16 plant extracts were found to be active against A549 cells and 15 extracts were active against Col2 cells in the criteria of $IC_{50}$<$50\;{\mu}g/ml$. In particular, the extracts of Calystegia soldanella $(IC_{50}$<$8.0\;{\mu}g/ml\;in\;A549;IC_{50}=27.4\;{\mu}g/ml\;in\;Col2)$, Heloniopsis orientalis $(IC_{50}=4.6\;{\mu}g/ml\;in\;A549; IC_{50}=4.5\;{\mu}g/ml\;in\;Col2)$, and Thuja koraiensis $(IC_{50}=1.2\;{\mu}g/ml\;in\;A549;IC_{50}=0.6\;{\mu}g/ml\;in\;Col2)$ showed a potent cytotoxic activity. Further study for the identification of active compounds from these lead extracts might be warranted.

Transcriptional Response of Pectobacterium carotovorum to Cinnamaldehyde Treatment

  • Jihye Jung;Dawon Jo;Soo-Jin Kim
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.538-546
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    • 2024
  • Cinnamaldehyde is a natural compound extracted from cinnamon bark essential oil, acclaimed for its versatile properties in both pharmaceutical and agricultural fields, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Although potential of cinnamaldehyde against plant pathogenic bacteria like Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae causative agents of crown gall and bacterial canker diseases, respectively has been documented, in-depth studies into cinnamaldehyde's broader influence on plant pathogenic bacteria are relatively unexplored. Particularly, Pectobacterium spp., gram-negative soil-borne pathogens, notoriously cause soft rot damage across a spectrum of plant families, emphasizing the urgency for effective treatments. Our investigation established that the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of cinnamaldehyde against strains P. odoriferum JK2, P. carotovorum BP201601, and P. versatile MYP201603 were 250 ㎍/ml, 125 ㎍/ml, and 125 ㎍/ml, respectively. Concurrently, their Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBCs) were found to be 500 ㎍/ml, 250 ㎍/ml, and 500 ㎍/ml, respectively. Using RNA-sequencing analysis, we identified 1,907 differentially expressed genes in P. carotovorum BP201601 treated with 500 ㎍/ml cinnamaldehyde. Notably, our results indicate that cinnamaldehyde upregulated nitrate reductase pathways while downregulating the citrate cycle, suggesting a potential disruption in the aerobic respiration system of P. carotovorum during cinnamaldehyde exposure. This study serves as a pioneering exploration of the transcriptional response of P. carotovorum to cinnamaldehyde, providing insights into the bactericidal mechanisms employed by cinnamaldehyde against this bacterium.

Studies on the Development of Antifungal Agents(I) -Antifungal Activity of Salicylaldehyde-o-phenylenediimine- (항사상균제(抗絲狀菌劑) 개발(開發)에 관한 연구(硏究)( I ) -Salicylaldehyde-o-phenylenediimine의 항진균작용(抗眞菌作用)-)

  • Chung, Uoo-Tae;Lee, Ung-Soo
    • The Korean Journal of Mycology
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.85-88
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    • 1980
  • The antifungal activity of salicylaldehyde-o-phenylenediimine, a derivative of Schiff base, was studied in vitro against various species of fungi, especially, dermatophytes. The antifungal tests were performed according to the tube-dilution method, and all subcultures were incubated at room temperature for 14 days. Salicylaldehyde-o-phenylenediimine was effective against fungi such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporum canis and Fonsecaea compacta. Trichophyton mentagrophytes was inhibited at $20{\mu}g$ per ml, Trichophyton rubrum at $40{\mu}g$ per ml, Microsporum canis at $6{\mu}g$ per ml, and Fonsecaea compacta at $2{\mu}g$ per ml.

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Evaluation of Factors Affecting Glomerular Filtration Rate by Contrast Media in Patients with Coronary Angiography (심혈관 조영술 시행 환자의 조영제 사용 시 사구체여과율 변화에 영향을 미치는 인자들 평가)

  • Kim, Eun-Young;Lee, Ok-Sang;Lim, Sung-Cil
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.103-112
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    • 2012
  • Performance of coronary angiography for exact diagnosis and treatments of cardiovascular disease have been increased recently and it also brings increase of the contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) referred from increasing use of radiological contrast agents. The variation of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is an indicator of CIN, which is known to increase when renal function is decreased. Therefore, this study was to evaluate the affecting factors including concomitant drug on variation of eGFR of patients who underwent coronary angiography according to the conditions of renal function. Medical records of 66 patients were evaluated retrospectively and the patients underwent coronary angiography or angioplasty with nonionic and isotonic contrast media (iodixanol) at Chungnam national university hospital from 1 Jan 2008 to 30 Jul 2010. Patients group was divided into 2 groups; the patients in stages 3-4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the patients in stage 2 CKD. Each group was researched about the effect of concomitant drug and clinical characteristics on eGFR variation. The change of eGFR was compared among baseline and 2 or 3 day after coronary angiography. In results, the eGFR variation in group over age 75 was significantly decreased after radiological contrast agents exposure (p $$\leq_-$$ 0.05). The eGFR variation in anemia was significantly decreased after radiological contrast agents exposure in stage 2 CKD (p > 0.05). The eGFR variation in group under $HbA_{1c}$ 6.5% was significantly decreased after radiological contrast agents exposure in stages 3-4 CKD (p $$\leq_-$$ 0.05). The eGFR variation by taking statins, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers and nitroglycerin was increased after radiological contrast agents exposure in stage 2 CKD (p $$\leq_-$$ 0.05). The eGFR variation by using of diuretics was significantly decreased after radiological contrast agents exposure in stages 3-4 CKD (p $$\leq_-$$ 0.05). The eGFR variation by taking statins, nitroglylcerin was increased after radiological contrast agents exposure in stages 3-4 CKD(p > 0.05). The eGFR variation in group over contrast dosage 150 ml was significantly decreased after radiological contrast agents exposure in stages 3-4 CKD (p $$\leq_-$$ 0.05). Therefore, when undergoing coronary angiography, contrast dosage should be minimized less than 150 ml, and diuretics should be restricted as possible in stages 3-4 CKD. Patients over age 75 require special attention to prevent CIN, and if patients undergo coronary angiography in stages 3-4 CKD, $HbA_{1c}$ is also requried to maintain below 6.5% to prevent CIN.

Antioxidant Effect of some Chelating Agents on Soybean Oil (식용대두유에 대한 Chelating agent의 항산화 효과)

  • Cho, Mi-Za;Hahn, Tae-Sik;Kwon, Tae-Bong;Oh, Sung-Ki
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.30-36
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    • 1989
  • Some chelating agents are evaluated as an antioxidant for the autoxidation of soybean oil. Soybean oil is autoxidized under a mild condition (the flow rate of 67ml $O_{2}/min$ and $50^{\circ}C$). The antioxidant effect is measured by active oxygen method, and the spectral change of autoxidized soybean oil examined. The antioxidant effect of chelating agents is increased in order of diphenic acid, naphthoquinone, pyromellitic acid, quinolinic acid and naphthalic acid, and particularly the effect is low in diphenic acid and naphthoquinone. It is found that the effect is more clearly demonstrated by NMR rather than IR and UV and that the effect is dependent on the functional group and geometric molecular structure of chelating agents.

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Inhibition of Aqueous Extract from Amomum xanthioides on ${\alpha}$-melnocyte Stimulating Hormone Induced Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cell (사인의 열수 추출물이 B16F10 흑색종세포의 멜라닌형성에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Soo-Jin;Ye, Jeong-Sook;Choi, Yung-Hyun;Lee, Yong-Tae;Chung, Kyung-Tae;Jeong, Seong-Yun;Choi, Byung-Tae
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.50-53
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    • 2007
  • To develope skin-whitening or therapeutic agents against hyperpigmentation, aqueous extract from Amomum xanthioides (AEAX) was evaluated for melanogenesis inhibitory activity in B16F10 melanoma cell. The treatment with AEAX at the 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml level significantly inhibits the biosynthesis of melanin compared with untreated control. The AEAX-treated cells at the 1.0 mg/ml level were more efficient than commercial arbutin at 0.1 mg/ml. The tyrosinase activity also significantly decreased in AEAX-treated cells at the 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml level. The Western analyses confirmed the significantly decreased expression of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1 by AEAX treatment. These results indicate that AEAX may contribute to the inhibition of melanin biosynthesis through regulating tyrosinase activity and expression and serve as a new candidate in the design of new skin-whitening or therapeutic agents.

Antifungal Effects of Cinamon Ramulus, Pulsatillae Radix, Dictamni Radicis Cortex, Paeoniae Radix, Arecae Semen, Artemisiae Capillaries Herba against Candida albicans (Candida albicans에 대한 계지(桂枝), 백두옹(白頭翁), 백선피(白鮮皮), 백작약(白芍藥), 빈낭, 인진(茵蔯)의 항진균효과)

  • Choi, In-Ho;Kim, Yeon-Hee;Lee, Dong-Nyung;Kim, Hyung-Jun
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.690-695
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this thesis is to dedicate to get the objectivity of herbal medicine treatments by choosing herbs likely to work as antifungal agents against Candida albicans which is the causes of Candida vaginitis, making experiments on them and getting the significant results. Each herb's efficacy on control the number of Candida vaginitis is noticed by using Disk Susceptibility test with six herbs medicine and Broth dilution assay of the culture. Cinamon Ramulus, Pulsatillae Radix, Dictamni Radicis Cortex, Paeoniae Radix, Arecae Semen, Artemisiae Capillaries Herba extracts experimented on the efficiency of antifungal activities against Candida albicans by disk susceptibility test. Pulsatillae Radix has the strongest efficiency. In Dictamni Radicis Cortex never appeared antifungal effect on treatment. MIC (minimal inhibition concentration) in vitro antifungal agents of Cinamon Ramulus, Pulsatillae Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Artemisiae Capillaries Herba extracts against Candida albicans was determined by broth dilution assay. MIC against Candida albicans is that Pulsatillae Radix is 2.5 mg/ml and Cinamon Ramulus is 5 mg/ml and Paeoniae Radix is 10 mg/ml and Artemisiae Capillaries Herba is 40 mg/ml.

Development of Anticancer Agents from Korean Medicinal Plants. Part 9. Antitumor Evaluation of Taraxaci Herba Extracts by Colormetric Methods. (한국산 생약으로부터 항암물질의 개발 (제9보). 비색분석법에 의한 포공령 추출물의 항암평가)

  • 한두석;이명호;최규은;백승화
    • Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.104-108
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    • 1998
  • In the present study, we have evaluated cytotoxic effects of Taraxaci Herba extract in human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells. An antitumor activity was measured by colorimetric assays using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and sulforhodamine protein B (SRB). The light microscopic study showed morphological changes, Ag-NOR (argyrophylic nucleolar organizer region) number and PAS positive reaction or the treated cells. These results obtained are as follows : MTT and SRB quantities were significantly decreased in cultured KB cells treated with 10$^{-2}$ /mg/ml and 10$^{-3}$ /mg/ml concentrations. The number of Ag-NORs were significantly decreased in cultured KB cells treated with 10$^{-2}$ /mg/ml and 10$^{-3}$ /mg/ml concentrations and the rate of Ag-NORs was shifted to left side (one Ag-Nounucleus was increased and five Ag-NORs/nucleus were decreased) by the high concentration. PAS reaction of cultured KB cells treated with 10$^{-2}$ /mg/ml and 10$^{-3}$ /mg/ml concentrations was negative. These results suggest that Taraxaci Herba retains a potential antitumor activity.

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Antibacterial Activity of (2S)-7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-(${\gamma}$, ${\gamma}$-dimethylally)-flavanone against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

  • Kim, Eun-Sook
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.704-709
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    • 2009
  • The emergence of methicillin-resistant of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) has led to an urgent need for the discovery and development of new antibacterial agents. As part of an ongoing investigation into the antibacterial properties of the natural products, (2S)-7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-(${\gamma}$, ${\gamma}$-dimethylally)-f1avanone (2S-DMDF), isolated from the roots of Sophora flavescens, was found to be antibacterial active MRSA and VRE. Sophora flavescens has been used as antibacterial, antiviral, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory. Therefore, this study investigated the antibacterial activity of 2S-DMDF against all the bacterial strains tested. In this result, at the end point of an optically clear well, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranged from 0.97 to 15.6 mg/ml for 2S-DMDF, from 125 to 256 mg/ml for ampicillin, and from 64 to 512 mg/ml for gentamicin with MRSA, also, 7.8 to 15.6 mg/ml for 2S-DMDF, from 125 to 256 mg/ml for ampicillin, and from 512 to 1024< mg/ml for vacomicin with VRE. These findings indicated that the application of the tested 2S-DMDF alone might prove useful in the control and treatment of MRSA and VRE infections.