• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.81-103
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• 1994

Increasing costs and competition in the global trade and transportation arena have led to a search for effient, cost-effective, particularly through the application of computer and information technologies. Most recently the introduction of Electronic Data Interchange(EDI) technologies in both trading and trade facili-tation activitiess have bagun to change the complextion of the international transport space. Korea as well as the other developing countries has become aware of the need to embrace EDI strate-gies in order to maintain a competitive market position with their more technologically advanced neighbou-ring and international trading partners. A way of EDI implementation, KMPA has invested large budgets in the research of the EDI since 1990. As the result of study in EDI of transport, KL-Net(Korea Logistics Network) was organized for the EDI business in cargo logistics. In spite of these KMPA's activities, the development plan of container logistics data interchange is not good and useful. So a new model of EDI in transportation is required by using the concepts of cargo data sharing. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a new way of container logistics data interchange model. This paper therefore analyze the information flow in the current container logistics and find the problem in the area to derive a new model. The followings are the results of this paper : (1) There are many problems and user's requirements in container logistics data interchange in Korea. (2) Many messages of UN/EDIFACT are able to be used in container logistics data interchange. (3) The container cargo data are stored in Container Logistics Network(CL-Net) database. And when necessary by requesting message transmission, the container logistics data interchange is possible. (4) Customs cargo clearance system and PORT-MIS can be linked to CL-Net. If the systems, however, are to introduce EDI in data interchange, the quality of user's software has to be assured.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.289.1-289.1
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• 2014

In this study, we made a organic thin film device in MIS(Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor) structure by using PVP (Poly vinyl phenol) as a insulating layer, and CdSe/ZnS nano particles which have a core/shell structure inside. We dissolved PVP and PMF in PGMEA, organic solvent, then formed a thin film through a spin coating. After that, it was cross-linked by annealing for 1 hour in a vacuum oven at $185^{\circ}C$. We operated FTIR measurement to check this, and discovered the amount of absorption reduced in the wave-length region near 3400 cm-1, so could observe decrease of -OH. Boonton7200 was used to measure a C-V relationship to confirm a properties of the nano particles, and as a result, the width of the memory window increased when device including nano particles. Additionally, we used HP4145B in order to make sure the electrical characteristics of the organic thin film device and analyzed a conduction mechanism of the device by measuring I-V relationship. When the voltage was low, FNT occurred chiefly, but as the voltage increased, Schottky Emission occurred mainly. We synthesized CdSe/ZnS and to confirm this, took a picture of Si substrate including nano particles with SEM. Spherical quantum dots were properly made. Due to this study, we realized there is high possibility of application of next generation memory device using organic thin film device and nano particles, and we expect more researches about this issue would be done.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.106-113
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• 2013

One of feasible non-destructivity test methods for evaluation of concrete permeability is the measurement of surface resistivity. But the application to steel fiber-reinforced concrete has been limited because mis-evaluation could be caused by the steel fibers in concrete. In this study, the effect of fiber distribution on surface electrical resistivity of steel fiber-reinforced concrete was investigated through experimental program. Resistivity was measured three times on four surfaces in three rectangular and circular specimens with 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% steel fibers by volume and compared each other. The results obtained from circular specimens were consistent compared to those from rectangular specimens. And the results demonstrated that the effect of fiber distribution on surface resistivity was not significant compared to that of mixing ratio of steel fibers. In conclusion, this non-destructive testing method using measurement of surface resistivity could be used for SFRC within 0.5% steel fibers by volume.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2002

Proliferation of IT applications and developments lead to many useful yet diverse information systems being used in an organization. Users of information system have been satisfied with useful functions and prompt outputs, however they have become realized the problem of incompatibility of diverse systems and asked for more compatible systems in which more data and software can be shared among users. Information technology architecture (ITA) is suggested as one way of avoiding such problem by many researchers. This paper ananlyzes and introduces the ITA approach used primarily in US governments and in many other organizations. In Korea, many researchers view ITA as a technical concept that deal with interperability and standards. However, ITA is more managerial oriented concept than technical, because it allows us to achieve managerial objective, for example alignment of IT to strategic objectives, with ease and more confidence. This paper proposes the necessity of ITA in IT management and clarifies the relationships of managerial focus with technical focus of ITA.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.268-272
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• 2018

An $Al_2O_3/AlN$ bilayer deposited on GaN by atomic layer deposition (ALD) is employed to prepare $Al_2O_3/AlN/GaN$ metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) diodes, and their interfacial properties are investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) with sputter etch treatment and current-voltage (I-V) measurements. XPS analyses reveal that the native oxides on the GaN surface are reduced significantly during the early ALD stage, indicating that AlN deposition effectively clelans up the GaN surface. In addition, the suppression of Al-OH bonds is observed through the ALD process. This result may be related to the improved device performance because Al-OH bonds act as interface defects. Finally, temperature dependent I-V analyses show that the barrier height increases and the ideality factor decreases with an increase in temperature, which is associated with the barrier inhomogeneity. A Modified Richardson plot produces the Richardson constant of $A^{**}$ as $30.45Acm^{-2}K^{-2}$, which is similar to the theoretical value of $26.4Acm^{-2}K^{-2}$ for n-GaN. This indicates that the barrier inhomogeneity appropriately explains the forward current transport across the $Au/Al_2O_3/AlN/GaN$ interface.

• Journal of Convergence Society for SMB
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.41-46
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• 2014

In Korea SMB's have concentrated on IT convergecy, but have no power to push the detailed policy on IT convergency. So it's necessary to consider the polocies and plans for it. It is most important to add a conventional ideas to the improvement of technical products or enlarge the markets. To develop the SMB's IT convergency, the first, a plan for consilidating R&D capacity of SMB. The second, To prepare the protection solutions of convergency performance and promote the utilization review. The third, to enlarge the SMB's convergency infra-structures.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.18 no.1 s.26
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• pp.1-30
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• 2005

Environmental education as worldwide sustainable education is effective when it is carried out as early as possible. But we do not have any aims and textbooks for environmental education in the elementary school. The purpose of this study is systematizing environmental syllabus as sustainable education. To achieve this purpose, firstly, the meaning of environmental education as sustainable education was conceptualized, secondly, the aims of environmental education was set up, thirdly, domains of environmental education was revised, and lastly, the syllabus for environmental instruction were created for each grade. Literature review was practiced over 143 textbooks and teacher's guidebooks from the 4th to 7th curriculum period. The result of this study follows. First, environmental education as sustainable education in the elementary school was conceptualized as an integrative education to keep the lifelong education and welfare. Second, the synthetic aim of environmental education as sustainable education in the elementary school was set up as 'cultivating desirable environmental people that behave for the sustainable future with environment-friendly value and attitude. Third, our environmental domains were divided into 11-12 independent areas, and ESSD (Environmentally Sound and Sustainable Development) was located on the subcategory of environmental domain. These domains were revised into three environmental domains and five sub-domains. Fourth, according to the aims of environmental education as sustainable education and five environmental domains, 253 objectives were established. Fifth, objectives of environmental education of 10 subject matters and integrative objectives were presented. Sixth, based on the objectives of domains and subject matters, 255 contents for environmental education in the elementary school were abstracted and distributed to each grade in the consideration of balance among domains and appropriateness of grades. Seventh, analytic results of textbooks of 7th curriculum shows heavy stress on the 'knowledge perception' section and deficiency on the altitudes and behavior section. The environment-related level and contents overlapped and fragmented deeply. Furthermore, 33 parts of textbooks could bring to mis-concept on environment.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.1822-1828
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• 2004

Electrochemical, in situ electrochemical scanning tunneling microscope (EC-STM), and attenuated total reflectance-FTIR (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopic methods were employed to investigate the preparation of atomically flat Si(111)-H surface in ammonium fluoride solutions. Electrochemical properties of atomically flat Si(111)-H surface were characterized by anodic oxidation and cathodic hydrogen evolution with the open circuit potential (OCP) of ca. -0.4 V in concentrated ammonium fluoride solutions. As soon as the natural oxide-covered Si(111) electrode was immersed in fluoride solutions, OCP quickly shifted to near -1 V, which was more negative than the flat band potential of silicon surface, indicating that the surface silicon oxide had to be dissolved into the solution. OCP changed to become less negative as the oxide layer was being removed from the silicon surface. In situ EC-STM data showed that the surface was changed from the initial oxidecovered silicon to atomically rough hydrogen-terminated surface and then to atomically flat hydrogenterminated surface as the OCP moved toward less negative potentials. The atomically flat Si(111)-H structure was confirmed by in situ EC-STM and ATR-FTIR data. The dependence of atomically flat Si(111)-H terrace on mis-cut angle was investigated by STM, and the results agreed with those anticipated by calculation. Further, the stability of Si(111)-H was checked by STM in ambient laboratory conditions.

• Journal of Convergence Society for SMB
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.7-12
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• 2016

This paper aims to examine the adoption of several management tools & techniques(MT&T) by the Strong Small Business Enterprises (SSBE) in Korea, In addition, the paper examines the impact of the adopted MT&T techniques on a company's overall performance. The paper used a questionnaires survey method to gather the required data. The paper used descriptive statistics, correlation and regression techniques to analyze the data. The paper found that benchmarking, BSC, IMS and TQM are among the MT&T techniques widely adopted by SSBE. In addition, the paper found that the adoption of MT&T techniques significantly influenced the companies' overall performance. More specifically, the paper found that the adoption of BSC significantly influenced that the companies' profitability, customer satisfaction, market position and sales growth for exisiting services and products. The findings this paper provide could be considered important and useful for advancement of companies adopting MT&T techniques to improve their performance.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2014

Different kinds of post-deposition annealing (PDA) by a rapid thermal process (RTP) are used to enhance the field-effect passivation of $Al_2O_3$ film in crystal Si solar cells. To characterize the effects of PDA on $Al_2O_3$ and the interface, metal-insulator semiconductor (MIS) devices were fabricated. The effects of PDA were characterized as functions of RTP temperature from $400{\sim}700^{\circ}C$ and RTP time from 30~120 s. A high temperature PDA can retard the passivation of thin $Al_2O_3$ film in c-Si solar cells. PDA by RTP at $400^{\circ}C$ results in better passivation than a PDA at $400^{\circ}C$ in forming gas ($H_2$ 4% in $N_2$) for 30 minutes. A high thermal budget causes blistering on $Al_2O_3$ film, which degrades its thermal stability and effective lifetime. It is related to the film structure, deposition temperature, thickness of the film, and annealing temperature. RTP shows the possibility of being applied to the PDA of $Al_2O_3$ film. Optimal PDA conditions should be studied for specific $Al_2O_3$ films, considering blistering.