• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1225-1230
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• 2007

The emissions characteristics of particulate matters(PM) according to the types of wastes from industrial waste incinerator of 800 kg/hr treatment capacity were investigated. For this study, the incinerate waste are as follows; waste resin, waste wood, waste urethane, waste gunny, and waste paper. The particulate samples were collected to be emitted in stack and air pollution control(both cyclone and bag filter). In stack, the concentrations of PM were in the range of 2.61 to $26.51 mg/Sm^3$ and the major chemical species were C, Si, Cl, K, Na, Ca in all the wastes. In cyclone fly ash, the mean content of heavy metal were in the order of Fe > Zn > Pb > Cu > Mn > Cr > Ni > Cd > As > Hg and the heavy metal content of waste resin were Zn 34,197.5 mg/kg, Fe 27,587.6 mg/kg, Pb 6,055.8 mg/kg, respectively. In bag filter fly ash, the mean content of heavy metal were in the order of Zn > Pb > Fe > Cu > Mn > Cd > Cr > Ni > As > Hg and the heavy metal content of waste wood were Pb 36,405.2 mg/kg, Fe 15,762.9 mg/kg, Cu 9,989.5 mg/kg, Cd 2,230.1 mg/kg, respectively. Comparing the heavy metal content of both cyclone and bag filter, in cyclone, the Cr, Fe, Ni content were higher than in bag filter and the Cd, Cu, Hg content were lower than in bag filter.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.605-611
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• 2016

Mg alloy sheet exhibits significant differences in tensile and compressive yield stress depending on the temperature, as well as variations in its hardening behavior. Such unusual behavior makes it difficult to simulate the forming process of Mg alloy sheets. Results of analysis tend to deviate significantly from the experimental data because commercial software do not completely implement the unusual hardening behavior, yield asymmetry and temperature dependent changes in the Mg alloy's material properties. In the previous study, an in-plane tension-compression cyclic tester was developed to predict the cyclic behavior of Mg alloy sheets at an elevated temperature of up to $250^{\circ}C$. A new constitutive equation was suggested to analyze the unusual behavior, and was implemented in the commercial software in the form of user subroutine. In this paper, a stamping process of Mg seat cushion panel for automotive parts was simulated using the experimental data and user subroutine. Based on the analysis, an optimal temperature condition was determined and a stamping die shape at each step was suggested in the non-isothermal stamping of Mg alloy sheets.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2003

본 연구는 능이버섯의 식품영양학적 및 기능성을 평가하기 위한 기초적인 연구로서 영양 성분의 함량을 조사하였다. 능이버섯의 일반성분은 수분 89.93%, 회분 1.18%, 조단백질 3.67%, 조지방 0.96%, 탄수화물 4.26%로 나타내었다. 능이버섯의 주요 유리당은 glucose, sucrose, trehalose, xylose 로 구성되어 있었고, trehalose의 함량이 가장 높았다. 능이버섯의 총아미노산의 함량은 796.85mg/100g-fr.wt.이었고, 필수 아미노산의 함량은 300.77mg/100g-fr.wt.으로 valine, leucine, threonine, Iysine의 함량이 비교적 높았고, 비필수아미노산은 486.08mg/100g-fr.wt.으로 alanine, glycine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid 등의 함량이 비교적 높았다. 총 유리 아미노산중에 필수아미노산과 비필수아미노산의 함량은 각각 124.95, 138.52mg/100g-fr.wt.이며, methionine, Iysine, valine, arginine, Aspartic acid, tyrosine 등의 함량이 높았다. 능이버섯에 존재하는 유리아미노산 유도체의 함량은 46.81 mg/100g-fr.wt.이었고, omithine, sarcosine, $\beta$-alanine, phosphoserine의 함량이 비교적 높았다. 능이버섯의 총 비타민 C 함량은 5.43 mg/100g이었고, 환원형과 산화형 비타민 C는 각각 3.50과1.93mg/100g이었고, 무기질 함량은 K, Na이 매우 높았고, 이들 함량은 각각 375.73, 61.82mg/100g이었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.805-809
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• 2006

오존화 올리브유의 여드름 치료용 소재로서의 사용 가능성을 알아보기 위하여 여드름 형성에 관여하는 미생물인 Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. aureus와 Pseudomonas aeruginosa에 대한 생육 억제효과를 검토하였고, Ames test로 그의 변이원성 유무를 평가하였다. 항균활성을 paper disk 법으로 평가했을 때 P. acnes, S. epidermidis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa에 대하여 항균활성을 나타내기 시작한 농도는 각각 4, 1, 0.5, 0,5 mg/mL이었고, 20 mg/mL 농도에서의 생육 저지환의 크기는 각각 7.7, 5.3, 5.6, 5.5 mm이었다. 50% 생육저해활성을 표시하는 $MIC_{50}$은 P. acnes, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa에 대해 2 mg/mL, S. epidermidis에 대해 4 mg/mL로 나타났으며 미생물의 생육이 관찰되지 않는 MIC 농도는 P. acnes, S. epidermidis, P. aeruginosa에 대해 8 mg/mL, S. aureus에 대해 10 mg/mL로 나타났다. 최소저해농도(MICs) 범위는 2${\sim}$10 mg/mL이었다. Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535 균주에 대하여 오존화 올리브유와 오존화 메칠 올레산은 S9 mix의 첨가 유무에 상관없이 세포독성을 나타내지 않는 농도에서 $his^{+}$ 복귀돌연변이주의 수가 증가하지 않아 변이원성을 나타내지 않았다. 오존화 올리브유는 돌연변이원성을 나타내지 않으면서 여드름 형성 원인균에 대한 생육 억제효과를 나타내어 여드름 치료용 소재로서 사용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2012

This paper analyzes phenolic compounds, carbon isotopes, and sugar components of whiskys based on the maturation period. For this, the paper considers a total of 40 whiskys(mainly imports) distributed in Korea. It is important to analyze the presence phenolic compounds(e.g., furfural, syringaldehyde, vanillin, syringic acid, and vanillic acid) because these are found only in whiskys ripened in oak. The results indicate that the total content of phenolic compounds increased with the increase in the storage period regardless of the type of whisky. In terms of vanillin/syringaldehyde(V/S), Scotch whiskys had 0.4~0.5; American whiskies, 0.30~0.34; and Canadian whiskies, 0.31~0.33. In terms of Scotch whiskys, Macallan had 0.25~0.34, making it unique among Scotch whiskys. In terms of the ratio of carbon isotopes, there were clear differences between malt Scotch whiskys, blended Scotch grain whiskys, American whiskys, and Canadian whiskys: -23.4~ -24.3, -16.8~-21.0, -11.0~-11.5 and -9.5~13.9, respectively. In addition, malt Scotch whiskys contained 40~230 $mg/{\ell}$ of fructose; blended Scotch whiskys, 20~120 $mg/{\ell}$; American whiskys, 50~70 $mg/{\ell}$; and Canadian whiskys, 20~100 $mg/{\ell}$, demonstrating that the fructose content of single-malt whiskys was twice the average fructose content. On the other hand, malt Scotch whiskys contained 30~170 $mg/{\ell}$ of glucose; blended Scotch whiskys, 20~120 $mg/{\ell}$; American whiskys, 20~30 $mg/{\ell}$; and Canadian whiskys, 10~110 $mg/{\ell}$, demonstrating that the glucose content of single-malt whiskys exceeded the average glucose content. This study's results can be used as a database of classification for whiskys based on the fermentation of raw ingredients and the period of maturation for distinguishing between different types of whiskys. In addition, the results can facilitate the verification of genuine whiskys by allowing for the identification of different types of whiskys based on the period of maturation.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.817-819
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• 2006

8-Quinolinol and other quinolinol derivatives were evaluated with regard to their growth-inhibitory effects against intestinal bacteria, using the paper disk-agar diffusion method. The observed growth responses varied according to the chemicals and dosages used, as well as the bacterial species tested. 8-Quinolinol showed a significant inhibitory effect against Clostridium difficile, C. perfringens, and Escherichia coli, at 5, 2, 1, and 0.5 mg/disk, and also exhibited a very strong inhibitory effect at 0.25 mg/disk. At low concentrations, 8-quinolinol had strong inhibitory effects against C. perfringens at 0.1 and 0.05 mg/disk; 8-quinolinol also manifested a moderate inhibitory effect against C. perfringens at 0.025 mg/disk. Furthermore, 8-quinolinol revealed moderate and weak growth inhibition against C. difficile and E. coli at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.05 mg/disk, respectively, but 2-quinolinol, 4-quinolinol, and 6-quinolinol evidenced no growth inhibition against B. bifidum, B. longum, C. difficile, C. perfringens, E. coli, or L. casei. The inhibitory effects of 8-quinolinol against C. difficile, C. perfringens, and E. coli lead to its consideration as a possible therapeutic modality for the treatment of diseases associated with harmful intestinal bacteria.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2006

이 논문에서 Al-2.5Cu-1.5Mg wt.% 합금에서 미세한 Cu 석출물에 대한 투과전자현미경 관찰이 보고 되었다. 이 새로운 관찰은 시료에 오염된 산화물을 제거하기 위해 ion milling을 하고 곧바로 시료 관찰을 했을 때 우연히 이루어 졌다. 특히 이 Cu석출물은 $150^{\circ}C$에서 100시간 aging한 시료에서 분명하게 관찰되었다. 그리고 ion milling 전 시료표면에서 분명히 관측되는 산화물은 $Cu_2O$임이 확실히 밝혀졌다. 이러한 분석과정은 회절 환 패턴의 정밀 분석을 요구함으로 이에 대한 시뮬레이션에 필요한 이론적 공식도 만들었다. 마지막으로 이 합금에 대한 예기치 않은 ion milling효과와 그 중요성이 논의되었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.263-266
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• 2001

In this paper, we investigated dielectric properies for BST thin films that was deposited on MgO/Si substrates using RF magnetron sputtering. In here, MgO film was used to perform that a diffusion b arrier between the BST film and Si substrate and a buffer layer to assist the BST film growth. A d eposition condition for MgO films was RF Power of 50W, substrate temperature of room temperature and the working gas ratio of Ar:O$_2$ were varied from 90:10 to 60:47. Finally we manufactured the cap acitor of Al/BST/MgO/Si/Al structure to know electrical properties of this capacitor through I-V, C-V measurement. In the results, C-V aha racteristic curves was shown a ferroelectric property so we measured P-E. A remanent poliazation and coerceive electric field was present 2$\mu$C/cm$^2$ and -27kV/cm respectively at Ar:O$_2$=90:10. And a va clue of dielectric constant was 86 at Ar:02=90:10.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.346-354
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• 2018

Kemenyan resin from Styrax sumatrana is a unique non-timber forest product (NTFP) native from Sumatera Island, Indonesia. It possesses a wide range of applications in the pharmaceutical, perfume, and cosmetics industries. In this paper, six kemenyan resin samples were investigated to evaluate their free radical scavenging activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reagent. The kemenyan resin samples, which originated from North Tapanuli, Pakpak Bharat, and Humbang Hasundutan, showed high antioxidant activity with $IC_{50}$ < 16 mg/L. The antioxidant activity of common kemenyan resin constituents, i.e., cinnamic acid, ethyl cinnamate, gallic acid, and vanillin was also investigated as positive control, although they exhibited lower antioxidant activity ($IC_{50}$ < 1000 mg/L), except for gallic acid ($IC_{50}$ = 5,23 mg/L). The total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) for all samples were 44-66 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g sample and 143-160 mg quarcetin equivalents (QE)/g sample. The results revealed that kemenyan resin has high potency as an antioxidant and could be used as a natural antioxidant resource.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.108-113
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• 2013

This paper demonstrates the lubricant performance in T-shape hot forging of Mg alloys. This processes induces complex plastic material flow of the initial billet such as simultaneous compression and extrusion deformations. Five lubricants with different amounts of graphite are applied to the T-shape forging at temperatures of 300 and $350^{\circ}C$. As the amount of graphite in the lubricant increases, the extruded depth gradually increases, which improves hot forgeability for Mg alloys. However, the lubricant performance decreases as forging temperature increases from 300 to $350^{\circ}C$. As the punch stroke increases, forgeability is considerably influenced by the lubricant. Thus, the selection of lubricants in hot forging of Mg alloys is critical when plastic deformation is severe.