• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표논문집 (상)
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• pp.213-216
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• 2001

본 논문은 심리음향모델과 주파수변환을 이용하여 MP3 와 AAC 의 압축에서 강인하게 살아남을 수 있는 디지털 오디오 워터마킹 알고리즘에 관한 것이다. 워터마크를 의사난수열이나 이미지 등 외부 정보를 이용하지 않고 원본음악으로부터 생성시킨다는 것이 본 논문의 가장 큰 특징으로 원본 오디오로부터 생성된 워터마크는 음악과 융합되어 워터마크의 삽입여부를 일반인의 청각으로는 인식할 수 없다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2010

Interstitial-free (IF) steels are widely used for car body material. However, a few types of streaky mark defect are commonly found on hot dip galvannealed (GA) IF steel sheets. In the present study, both the phase structure of a streaky mark defect and the microstructure of the substrate just below it were characterized by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the bright streaky mark area was composed of ${\delta}$ phase while the dark normal area was full of craters. More than half of the grains at the uppermost surface of the substrate just below the streaky mark defect are unrecrystallized grains which could result from lower finish rolling temperature during hot rolling and be kept stable during the annealing process, while almost all the grains in the normal area are equiaxed grains. In order to confirm the effect of the unrecrystallized grains on the coating morphology, hot dip galvannealing simulation experiments were carried out in IWATANI HDPS. It is proved that the unrecrystallized grains accelerate the Fe-Zn reaction rate during galvannealing and result in a flatter coating surface and an even coating thickness. Finally, a formation mechanism of the streaky mark defect on the hot dip galvannealed IF steel sheet was discussed.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.293-296
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• 2016

복잡한 도심의 도로 상황에서 긴급 상황 발생 시 이동하는 특수목적 차량(경찰, 소방, 구급 등)에 대한 신속한 양보가 필요하다. 이러한 긴급 차량의 이동 상황을 도로 인프라가 인지해 교통 신호 제어기 및 일반 차량들에 WAVE나 TPEG 등 무선 네트워크를 통해 먼 곳까지 메시지를 전달한다면 일반 차량들이 길을 양보하기 위한 사전 준비 작업이 가능해져 특수목적 차량들이 훨씬 더 신속하게 이동할 수 있게 된다. 본 논문에서는 마크 인식 알고리즘을 통해 특수차량의 지붕에 설치한 루프 마크를 활용하여 마크의 투영 변환 및 정보 디코딩으로 마크를 검출하고 내부의 정보를 획득한다. 실험 결과 마크의 크기가 $88cm{\times}88cm$ 이상일 때 50Km/h의 속도에서 100% 인식이 되고 마크 내부의 디지털 데이터도 93.3% 인식 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.426-438
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of the general characteristics of dental patients to their total O'Leary index and individual plaque indexes in a bid to check the oral hygiene state of citizens and evaluate their plaque management ability. The subjects in this study were 288 patients at dental hospitals and clinics in Busan and South Gyeongsang Province. A survey was conducted from September to November 2008. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. Overall, the O'Leary index of the patients investigated stood at 72 percent. By age and gender, the O'Leary index was highest among those in their 30s(83%) and among the women(75%)(p<.05). As to the influence of toothbrushing frequency, the patients who did it twice or more a day had the highest O'Leary index(75%)(p<.001). By the use of oral hygiene supplies, the patients who used oral hygiene supplies had a higher O'Leary index(76%) than the others who didn't(p<.01). 2. As for plaque index for each tooth, 28 percent of their teeth were given zero point, and 52 percent were given one mark. 13 percent were given two marks, and 6.3 percent were given three marks. Thus, the teeth that were given one mark were largest in number(p<.001). 3. As for plaque index for labial posterior mandibular, 43 percent of their teeth were given one point, and 36 percent were given zero mark. 14 percent were given three mark, and 5 percent were given three marks(p<.01). 4. As for plaque index for buccal posterior maxilla, 57 percent of their teeth were given one point, and 20 percent were given zero mark. 16 percent were given two mark, and 6.3 percent were given three marks(p<.01). 5. As for plaque index for lingual posterior mandibular, 56 percent of their teeth were given one point, and 27.8 percent were given zero mark. 9 percent were given three mark and 6 percent were given three mark(p<.001).

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.135-144
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• 1994

The authors studied therapeutic effects and related clinical data retrospectively on a series of 48 consecutive patients with head injury who were referred to physical therapy and occupational therapy, Kosin University Medical Center during 1 year, from March, 1993. through March, 1994. The conclusions were as follows : 1. Average age of the subject patients was 50.6 years, their age remped from 14 to 72 years, and the incidence between male and femele was 1:1.1. 2. In respect to the educational level high school graduates showed the highest incidence 18 (39.1 %) of 46 cases, and in respect to economy level, middle class revealed the highest incidence, 31(64.6 %) in 48 cases. 3. The HBP was the most common cause of spontaneity injury, disclosing 19 cases in 35 patients(54.3%), whereas the main cause of traumatic injury was a traffic accident, 7 cases ( 53.8 %) in 13 patients. 4. As for the region of injury in the cases of spontaneity ICH was 14 persons (40%). In the cases of trauma, hematoma was seen in 6 cases(42.2 %) in 48 total cases ICH was seen in 17 cases (35.4 %) to be the most common region. 5. Among 35 persons, spontaneity CBR was the highest region of injury, 13 cases(37.1 %) ; the side of paralysis in extremities the right side showed higher incidence, 18 cas (1.4 %) as compared to the left, 16 cases(45.7%). In the case of traumatic injury, CBR was the highest region of injury, 4(30.8% )in 13 cases and as for the paralysis side, right side showed higher incidence 7 cases(53.8%) as compared to the left side 5 cases(38.5%). 6. In respect to recurrence, HBP was seen in 5 cases to be the most common cause, and as for the region of injury, CBR was the highest. 7. A period of rehabilitation therapy in the cases of physical therapy the highest term was 1-2 month, 14 persons(29.2%). As for occupational therapy within 2 week-term was the highest, 24 persons(50%). 8. Physical strenth grade M.T in the cases of the upper extrimities before therapy, the low mark(grade 0) was 30 cases(62.5%), compared to the high mark(above grade 3)seen in 1 case(2.1%), And after therapy, the lowest mark(grade 0)was seen in 5 cases(10.4%) where as the high mark(above grade 3)was seen in 29 cases(60.4%). In the case of the lower extremities before therapy, the mark(below grade 1)was 37 cases(77.1 %), while the high mark(above grade 3)was seen n 4 cases(8.4%). And after therapy the low mark(below grade 1)was seen in 5 cases (10.4 %) and the high mark (above grade 3)was seen in 29 cases(60.4 %). 9. Before therapy conigtive function-level evaluation utilized R.L.A.L, the low mark(below level 3)was seen in 9 cases(18.8%), while the high mark(above level 7)was seen in 18 cases(37.5%). And after therapy the low mark (below level 3)was 4 cases(8.3%) and high mark(above level 7)was seen in 38 cases(79%). 10. After rehabilitation therapy, patients who were able to walk independently were 29 persons(60.4%), among which 16 cases(55.2%) depended on cane. The ratio between the cases who were able to walk and unable to walk was 1.5:1.

• 천문학논총
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2007

In this paper, we introduce the performance test results of digital data processing system for KVN (Korean VLBI Network). The digital data processing system for KVN consists of DAS (Data Acquisition System) and high-speed recorder which called Mark5B system. DAS system performs the digitalization of analog radio signal through ADS-1000 gigabit sampler with 1 Gsps/2-bit and process the digital filtering of digital signal. Mark5B system records the output data of DFB (Digital Filter Bank) with about 1 Gbps. In this paper, we carried out the preliminary evaluation experiments of the KVN digital data processing system connected between DAS system and Mark5B with VSI (VLBI Standard Interface) interface which is designed for compatible in each VLBI system. We first performed all of the KVN digital data processing system connected by VSI interface in the world. In factory inspection phase, we found that the DAS system has a memory read/write error in DSM (Digital Spectrometer) by analyzing the recorded data in Mark5B system. We confirmed that the DSM memory error has been correctly solved by comparing DSM results with Mark5B results. The effectiveness of KVN digital data processing system has been verified through the preliminary experiments such as data transmission, recording with VSI interface connection and data analysis between DSM and Mark5B system. In future work, we will perform the real astronomical observation by using the KVN 21m radio telescopes so as to verify its stability and performance.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권7호
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• pp.1715-1720
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• 2019

Jozef Stefan Institute (JSI), TRIGA Mark II reactor employs the homogeneous mixture of uranium and zirconium hydride fuel type. Since its upgrade, a series of fresh fuel steady state experimental benchmarks have been conducted. The benchmark results have provided data for testing computational neutronics codes which are important for reactor design and safety analysis. In this work, we investigated the JSI TRIGA Mark II reactor neutronics characteristics: the effective multiplication factor and two safety parameters, namely the control rod worth and the fuel temperature reactivity coefficient using SuperMC. The modeling and real-time cross section generation methods of SuperMC were evaluated in the investigation. The calculation analysis indicated the following: the effective multiplication factor was influenced by the different cross section data libraries; the control rod worth evaluation was better with Monte Carlo codes; the experimental fuel temperature reactivity coefficient was smaller than calculated results due to change in water temperature. All the results were in good agreement with the experimental values. Hence, SuperMC could be used for the designing and benchmarking of other TRIGA Mark II reactors.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 1997

This study was performed to investigate the surface roughness of the Cerec Vita Mark II polished by various polishing techniques, compare with that of the Vintage enamel porcelain glazed by high temperature glazing technique. All of the Cerec specimen were finished with sequential use of high speed diamond burs(grit 45, 30 and $15{\mu}m$). The groups were divided into 5 groups : Group I : Cerec Vita Mark II block specimens polished with Sof-lex discs. Group II : Cerce Vita Mark II block specimens polished with Two Striper MPS. Group III : Cerce Vita Mark II block specimens polished with Enhance. Group IV : Cerce Vita Mark II block specimens polished with Porcelain laminate polishing FG kit. Group V : Vintage enamel porcelain glazed by high temperature glazing Technique. Each group was consisted of 10 specimens. The surfaces produced were examined quantitatively using a laser specular reflectance machine(Perthen RM600-s, Feinpruf Perthen GmbH., Germany) and qualitatively under SEM(JSM-5400, JEOL, Japan). The Results were as follows : 1. The arithmetic mean roughness value(Ra) in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 was higher than that of group5. There was statistically significant difference(P<0.05). 2. The arithmetic mean roughness value(Ra) decreased in the following orders : group 1, group 2, group 4, group 3 and there was no statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2, group 3, and group 4. There was statistically significant difference among group 1, 2, and group 3, 4 and group 5(P<0.05). 3. The maximum individual peak-to-valley-height(Rmax) decreased in the following orders : group 2, group 1, group 4, group 3, group 5 and there was no statistically significant difference between group 1 and 2, group 1 and group 4, group 3 and group 5. There was statistically significant difference among group 1, 2, and group 1, 4 and group 3, 5(P<0.05). 4. The treated surfaces of group 5 had smoother surface than that of groups 1, 2, 3, 4 with SEM.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2000

우리나라 동해안 노봉 해빈 (Nobong Beach)의 남측에 해당하는 해빈 퇴적층 (체)에 대한 3년 동안의 동력적 계절 변화 (dynamic beach cycle) 연구의 수행 과정에서 관찰된 해빈 Overwash Mark와 이러한 Overwash 퇴적물의 조직 성질 (textural character)을 규명하였다. Overwash Mark 퇴적물 (OMS)의 조직 성질 또는 특징을 규명하기 위하여 OMS가 발달되는 해빈 환경 구분으로서의 Backshore (berm)와 Swash zone에서 퇴적물을 채취하여 입도 분석과 광물 성분 분석 및 구형 -원마도를 측정하였다. 서로 다른 동력 환(파랑의 영향)에 지배되는 해빈 퇴적물의 퇴적 조직 특성은 해빈 동력 환경을 좀더 자세히 이해하고 해석하는데 중요한 요인(factor)인 바, OMS 조직 특성 분석 결과의 하나로서 Swash -backwash)$\longrightarrow$Berm$\longrightarrow$Overwash mark의 순으로 퇴적물의 입자가 조립화(increasing of coarse-grained particle)되는 경향을 제시한다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.1358-1367
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• 1993

전적으로 수입에 의존하는 마크판독장치(OMR : Optical Mark Reader)와 문자판독장치(OCR : Optical Character Reader)는 Line scan 방식으로 급지장치가 복잡하며 용지에 제한을 받는 등의 단점을 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 새로운 방식인 CCD카메라와 디지타이져를 입력장치로 하여 영상처리와 패턴인식에 근거한 마크와 숫자를 동시에 실시간 인식 가능한 일명 OMCR(Optical Mark and Character Reader) 시스템을 연구, 개발하였다. 또한 착오에 의하여 마크를 잘못 기입함으로써 발생할 수 있는 문제점을 개선하기 위한 표기방법으로 마크 대신에 제한된 7-segment의 및 필기체 숫자형식을 본 논문에서 제안하였다. 대학의 입학원서, 입시답안지, 수강신청, 성적평가표 및 주소에 대한 수만장의 마크용지와 영수증에 포함된 40개 이내인 인쇄체 숫자부분에 대한 문자용지를 실험대상으로 하였다. 실험결과, 마크용지와 문자용지 모두 판독 에러없이 초당 3~4장의 실시간 판독이 가능하였으며 line scan 방식의 OMR이나 OCR이 갖는 단점을 해결하였음을 입증하였다.