• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.279-282
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• 2008

Plasmids were isolated from 15 tetracycline (Tc) resistant S. aureus. Two small tetracycline resistance plasmids, pKH16 and pKH17, have been isolated from Staphylococcus aureus JY10 and Staphylococcus aureus JY22, respectively and the complete nucleotide sequences of those plasmids have been determined. pKH16 consisted of 4,442 bp and showed high identity to pKH6 (99% matching percentage) isolated in 1989 from S. aureus SA2. pKH17 consisted of 4,441 bp and showed less identity to pKH6 (95% matching percentage) than pKH16. PCR analysis showed that tetK and tetM did not exist in ten large plasmids isolated from ten Tc resistant S. aureus. Twelve Tc resistant S. aureus showed reistance both to Tc and Mn and we might analogize that twelve Tc resistant S. aureus had tetM in their chromosome.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.12 no.1_2
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• pp.31-37
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• 2003

In this Paper, we investigate local stability, oscillation and bounde-ness character of positive solutions of the difference equation $X_{N+l}$ = $\alpha$ + ( $X_{N-1}$$^{P/)}$( $X_{N}$$^{P}$), n = 0, 1, … under specified conditions.s.tions.s.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.327-335
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• 2023

Background: Pain control is a crucial aspect of pediatric dentistry for patient management. Thermo-mechanical devices (Buzzy^TM Pain Care Labs, USA) work on the concept of vibration and cooling and have shown promising results in pain control during local anesthesia in pediatric dentistry. On the other hand, audio distraction has also been used for pain management. The amount of pain endured is determined by the patient's perception and attentiveness. Thus, if audio function is added to the thermomechanical device it might increase its efficiency. Hence, the present study aimed to compare pain on injection using a thermo-mechanical device with and without audio during inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) injection in children aged 5-10 years old. Methods: Twenty-eight children aged between 5 and 10 indicated for IANB were included in this randomized study. Children who were undergoing the dental procedure were divided into 2 groups, with 14 children in each group. The study group was the thermo-mechanical device with audio distraction; the control group was the thermo-mechanical device without audio distraction. IANB was administered. Subjective pain evaluation was performed using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFPR) and objective pain evaluation was done using the Faces, Leg, Activity, Consolability, Cry (FLACC) scale. Results: The outcome depicted a significant reduction in pain on injection for both objective and subjective evaluations in the thermo-mechanical device with an audio distraction group. Conclusions: Less pain on injection was observed, when a thermo-mechanical device was used with audio distraction for IANB procedures.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.1139-1161
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• 2012

Let $p$ be an odd prime number and let F be a finite field with $p^m$ elements. We study representations and strict representations of polynomials $M{\in}F$[T] by sums of ($p^r$ + 1)-th powers. A representation $$M=M_1^k+{\cdots}+M_s^k$$ of $M{\in}F$[T] as a sum of $k$-th powers of polynomials is strict if $k$ deg $M_i<k$ + degM.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.565-570
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• 1993

Peroxidase from Jerusalem artichoke tubers, which might be related to browning reaction, was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-cellulose and Sephacryl S-200 chromatography. The optimum pH of the purified peroxidase was 5.0 and relatively stable at pH $5.0{\sim}6.0$ using substrate of p-phenylenediamine and $H_2O_2$. D-values for thermal inactivation at 60, 70 and $80^{\circ}C$ were 86, 45 and 33 sec, respectively. Activation energy was 4,111 J/mole. The enzyme showed the most sensitive specificity of substrate for p-phenylenediamine. The compounds such as 1mM potassium cyanide, 10mM sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, L-ascorbic acid, sodium hydrosulfite and L-cysteine inhibited completely while 1mM of $Ca^{2+}\;and\;Cu^{2+}$ activated the purified peroxidase.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.577-583
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• 2019

Human cytochrome P450 2C9 is a highly polymorphic enzyme that is required for drug and xenobiotic metabolism. Here, we studied eleven P450 2C9 genetic variants-including three novel variants F69S, L310V, and Q324X-that were clinically identified in Korean patients. P450 2C9 variant enzymes were expressed in Escherichia coli and their bicistronic membrane fractions were prepared The CO-binding spectra were obtained for nine enzyme variants, indicating P450 holoenzymes, but not for the M02 (L90P) variant. The M11 (Q324X) variant could not be expressed due to an early nonsense mutation. LC-MS/MS analysis was performed to measure the catalytic activities of the P450 2C9 variants, using diclofenac as a substrate. Steady-state kinetic analysis revealed that the catalytic efficiency of all nine P450 2C9 variants was lower than that of the wild type P450 2C9 enzyme. The M05 (R150L) and M06 (P279T) variants showed high $k_{cat}$ values; however, their $K_m$ values were also high. As the M01 (F69S), M03 (R124Q), M04 (R125H), M08 (I359L), M09 (I359T), and M10 (A477T) variants exhibited higher $K_m$ and lower $k_{cat}$ values than that of the wild type enzyme, their catalytic efficiency decreased by approximately 50-fold compared to the wild type enzyme. Furthermore, the novel variant M07 (L310V) showed lower $k_{cat}$ and $K_m$ values than the wild type enzyme, which resulted in its decreased (80%) catalytic efficiency. The X-ray crystal structure of P450 2C9 revealed the presence of mutations in the residues surrounding the substrate-binding cavity. Functional characterization of these genetic variants can help understand the pharmacogenetic outcomes.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 1992

A total of 197 fecal specimens was prepared for quantitative examination of helminth eggs by modified Kato's cellophane thick smear (M.C.T.S.) and Stoll's dilution egg counting technique (D.E,C.T.). The comparative effectiveness of two techniques was evaluated and conversion function was deduced. The average time required for the microscopic examination on one slide by M.C.T.S. was 12.6 minutes and that of D.E.C.T. was 14.6 minutes. M.C.T.S. showed lower false negative rate than D.E.C.T in light worm burden cases. Functions to convert the counts obtained by M.C.T.S. to E.P.G. by Stoll's dilution egg counting technique were $47.86{\times}10^{0.87{\;}logM.C.T.S.},{\;}$ in A. lumbricoides, $41.69{\times}10^{0.82{\;}logM.C.T.S.}$ in T. trichiura and $63.10{\times}10^{0.85{\;}logM.C.T.S.}$ in C. sinensis. It was suggested M.C.T.S. be better than D.E.C.T. for the quantitative examination of intestinal helminthiases such as A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura, and C. sinensis infections even in the cases with low worm burden.

• Journal of Applied and Pure Mathematics
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• v.4 no.3_4
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• pp.85-97
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• 2022

Let a graph G = (V, E) be a (p, q) graph. Define $${\rho}\;=\;\{\array{{\frac{p}{2}}&p\text{ is even}\\{\frac{p-1}{2}}\;&p\text{ is odd,}}$$ and M = {±1, ±2, ⋯ ± 𝜌} called the set of labels. Consider a mapping λ : V → M by assigning different labels in M to the different elements of V when p is even and different labels in M to p - 1 elements of V and repeating a label for the remaining one vertex when p is odd. The labeling as defined above is said to be a pair mean cordial labeling if for each edge uv of G, there exists a labeling $\frac{{\lambda}(u)+{\lambda}(v)}{2}$ if λ(u) + λ(v) is even and $\frac{{\lambda}(u)+{\lambda}(v)+1}{2}$ if λ(u) + λ(v) is odd such that ${\mid}\bar{\mathbb{S}}_{{\lambda}_1}-\bar{\mathbb{S}}_{{\lambda}^c_1}{\mid}{\leq}1$ where $\bar{\mathbb{S}}_{{\lambda}_1}$ and $\bar{\mathbb{S}}_{{\lambda}^c_1}$ respectively denote the number of edges labeled with 1 and the number of edges not labeled with 1. A graph G for which there exists a pair mean cordial labeling is called a pair mean cordial graph. In this paper, we investigate the pair mean cordial labeling of graphs which are obtained from path and cycle.

• Journal of Applied and Pure Mathematics
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• v.5 no.3_4
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• pp.237-253
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• 2023

Let a graph G = (V, E) be a (p, q) graph. Define $${\rho}=\{\array{{\frac{p}{2}} & \;\;p\text{ is even} \\ {\frac{p-1}{2}} & \;\;p\text{ is odd,}$$ and M = {±1, ±2, … ± ρ} called the set of labels. Consider a mapping λ : V → M by assigning different labels in M to the different elements of V when p is even and different labels in M to p - 1 elements of V and repeating a label for the remaining one vertex when p is odd. The labeling as defined above is said to be a pair mean cordial labeling if for each edge uv of G, there exists a labeling ${\frac{{\lambda}(u)+{\lambda}(v)}{2}}$ if λ(u) + λ(v) is even and ${\frac{{\lambda}(u)+{\lambda}(v)+1}{2}}$ if λ(u) + λ(v) is odd such that ${\mid}{\bar{{\mathbb{S}}}}_{\lambda}{_1}-{\bar{{\mathbb{S}}}}_{{\lambda}^c_1}{\mid}{\leq}1$ where ${\bar{{\mathbb{S}}}}_{\lambda}{_1}$ and ${\bar{{\mathbb{S}}}}_{{\lambda}^c_1}$ respectively denote the number of edges labeled with 1 and the number of edges not labeled with 1. A graph G for which there exists a pair mean cordial labeling is called a pair mean cordial graph. In this paper, we investigate the pair mean cordial labeling behavior of few graphs including the closed helm graph, web graph, jewel graph, sunflower graph, flower graph, tadpole graph, dumbbell graph, umbrella graph, butterfly graph, jelly fish, triangular book graph, quadrilateral book graph.

• Journal of Applied and Pure Mathematics
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• v.6 no.1_2
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• pp.55-69
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• 2024

Let a graph G = (V, E) be a (p, q) graph. Define $${\rho}=\{\array{{\frac{p}{2}} && p\;\text{is even} \\ {\frac{p-1}{2}} && p\;\text{is odd,}}$$ and M = {±1, ±2, … ± 𝜌} called the set of labels. Consider a mapping λ : V → M by assigning different labels in M to the different elements of V when p is even and different labels in M to p - 1 elements of V and repeating a label for the remaining one vertex when p is odd. The labeling as defined above is said to be a pair mean cordial labeling if for each edge uv of G, there exists a labeling $\frac{{\lambda}(u)+{\lambda}(v)}{2}$ if λ(u) + λ(v) is even and $\frac{{\lambda}(u)+{\lambda}(v)+1}{2}$ if λ(u) + λ(v) is odd such that ${\mid}\bar{\mathbb{s}}_{{\lambda}_1}-\bar{\mathbb{s}}_{{\lambda}^c_1}{\mid}\,{\leq}\,1$ where $\bar{\mathbb{s}}_{{\lambda}_1}$ and $\bar{\mathbb{s}}_{{\lambda}^c_1}$ respectively denote the number of edges labeled with 1 and the number of edges not labeled with 1. A graph G with a pair mean cordial labeling is called a pair mean cordial graph. In this paper, we investigate the pair mean cordial labeling behavior of some union of graphs.