• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.378-391
• /
• 2002

A 250mm stroke aerostatic stage, which detects position with laser scale and is driven by linear motor, is made and analyzed positioning error in 20$\pm$ 0.5 $^{\circ}C$ controlled atmosphere, aiming at investigating positioning characteristic of ultra-precision stage. We prove this aerostatic stage has a 10nm micro step resolution by experiment. By means of analyzing laser interferometer system, the scale of measuring error is about 0.2-0.4$\mu\textrm{m}$ according to refractive index error from missing the temperature change. To improve laser interferometer system, compensate refractive index error using measuring data from thermocouple. And, confirm 0.10$\mu\textrm{m}$ repeatability and 0.13 $\mu\textrm{m}$ positioning accuracy using the compensating refractive index. Also, we confirm 0.07 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ repeatability of the stage using capacitive displacement sensor.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.77-88
• /
• 1981

The purpose of this study was to make a comprehensive study & evaluation of the oral status of mental retarded children. The auther examined intraorally 486 (male; 311, female;175) mental retarded children. The result was as follows; (General mental retarded children means the children who live in their parent's home, & orphan mental retarded children means the children who live in orphanage.) 1. The dft rate was 31.6% in general mental retarded children (G.m.r.c.) & 20.7% in orphan mental retarded children (O. m. r. c.). The dft index was 3.73 in G.m.r.c. & 2.15 in O.m.r.c. 2. The DMFT rate was 24.6% in female G.m.r.c., 16.7% in male G.m.r.c., 12.7% in female O.m.r.c., 8.4% in male O.m.r.c. The DMFT index was 4.94 in female G.m.r.c., 4.01 in male G.m.r.c., 1.40 in male O.m.r.c., 2.75 in female O.m.r.c. 3. The malocclusion prevalence was 57.3%. the class I malocclusion was 14.2% Class II malocclusion 19.3%, Class III malocclusion 23.5%. The children with Down's syndrome had 60.0% of class III malocclusion prevalence. 4. The dental calculus index was 1.97 in male O.m.r.c., 1.81 in female O.m.r.c., 1.30 in male G.m.r.e., 1.13 in female G.m.r.c. 5. The dental plaque index was 3.06 in female G.m.r.c., 3.00 in male Gm.r.e. 2.70 in male O.m.r,c., 2.32 in female O.m.r.c.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.28-34
• /
• 1977

The present study was undertaken to evaluate gingivitis and oral hygiene status of the crowned teeth comparing to controlled teeth by use of P. M. A. Index and Oral Hygiene. Index in children from $3\frac{1}{2}$ to $7\frac{1}{2}$ years old. The results were as followings. 1. In P. M. A. Index, satisfactory crowned teeth (1.53) showed statistically significant increment compare to the controlled teeth (0.68) (P<0.01). 2. In P. M. A. Index, unsatisfactory crowned teeth (2.22) showed statistically significant increment compare to the controlled teeth (0.70) (P<0 01). 3. In Oral Hygiene Index, satisfactory crowned teeth (1.49) showed statistically nonsignificant increment compare to the controlled teeth (1.27). 4. In Oral Hygiene Index, unsatisfactory crowned teeth (1.62) showed statistically nonsignicant increment compare to the controlled (1.39) 5. The severity of gingivitis following Oral Hygiene Index showed higher in crowed teeth than the controlled teeth. 6. The severity of giginvitis showed the highest in the unsatisfactory crowned teeth, the next was the satisfactory crowned teeth, and the controlled teeth showed the lowest.

• 충청수학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.89-95
• /
• 1990

The converse of Pimsner-Popa theorem is proved, and represent the index [M : N] by finite sum of elements of M.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제43권5호
• /
• pp.500-512
• /
• 2010

The relationship between food and nutrient intake, glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and body weight was investigated with high school girls residing in Seoul. As subjects, 159 girls were divided into a normal weight (NW) group (18.5 kg/$m^2$ $\leq$ BMI < 23 kg/$m^2$, n = 110) and an overweight (OW) group (BMI $\geq$ 23kg/$m^2$, n = 49) by body mass index (BMI). The food and nutrient intake data obtained by the 3-day food record were analyzed by Can pro 3.0 software. Anthropometric measurements were collected from each subject. Daily dietary GI (DGI) and dietary GL (DGL) were calculated from the 3-day food record. Body weights and BMI of NW were 52.4 kg and 20.4 kg/$m^2$ and those of OW were 65.2 kg and 25.4 kg/$m^2$, respectively. Total food, animal food, and other food intakes of NW were higher than those of OW, and vegetable food intakes of NW were lower than those of OW. Sugars intake of NW was significantly higher than OW. Nutrient intakes were not different between the two groups. Dietary fiber, calcium, and folate intakes of NW and OW were under 65% of the dietary reference intakes (DRIs). Major food sources of energy intake for both groups were rice, pizza, ice cream, pork, instant noodle, and chicken. Mean adequacy ratio (MAR), an index of overall dietary quality, was higher in NW (0.82) than in OW (0.80). Mean daily DGI of NW and OW was 66.5 and 66.4, respectively. Mean daily DGL of NW and OW was higher in NW (162.0) than in OW (155.9). DGI and DGL adjusted to energy intake were not significantly correlated with anthropometric data.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제20권7호
• /
• pp.498-503
• /
• 2011

The strain rate sensitivity index, m, plays an important role in plastic deformation at elevated temperatures. It is affected by strain rate, temperature, and the microstructure of the material. The strain rate sensitivity index has been used as a constant in numerical analysis of plastic forming at a specified strain rate and temperature. However, the value of m varies as deformation proceeds at an elevated temperature and a certain strain rate. Thus, in this present study, the value of m has been characterized as a function of strain by multiple tensile jump tests for AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet, and the variation of m has been discussed in conjunction with the microstructural observations before and after deformation. The experimental results show that the variation of m is dependent on the temperature and strain rate. Grain growth with dynamic recrystallization also affects the variation of m.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제55권5호
• /
• pp.600-608
• /
• 2017

산업현장에서 취급되거나 가공되는 원료의약품 분진의 폭발 위험성은 항상 존재하며, 이로 인한 폭발사고가 자주 발생되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 원료의약품 시료 3종의 분진폭발특성을 측정하였다. 주요 폭발특성 측정값은 록소프로펜산은 평균 입경이 $5.31{\mu}m$이며, $P_{max}$는 8.4 bar, 최소점화에너지는 1 mJ < MIE < 3 mJ이며 최소점화온도는 $550^{\circ}C$이다. 클로피도그렐 캄포르술폰산염은 평균 입경이 $95.63{\mu}m$이며, $P_{max}$는 7.9 bar, 최소점화에너지는 30 mJ < MIE < 100 mJ이며 최소점화온도는 $510^{\circ}C$이었다. 리팜피신은 평균 입경이 $26.48{\mu}m$이며 $P_{max}$는 7.9 bar, 최소점화에너지는 1 mJ < MIE < 3 mJ이며 최소점화온도는 $470^{\circ}C$로 나타났다. 이들 값을 적용하여 폭연지수($K_{st}$)와 폭발지수(EI)의 폭발위험등급을 구하고, 원료의약품 분진의 폭발 위험성을 비교 검토하였다. 그 결과 폭발 위험성은 록소프로펜산과 리팜피신의 폭발등급은 St 2이고 폭발위험등급은 severe이며, 클로피도그렐 캄포르술폰산염의 폭발등급은 St 1이고 폭발위험등급은 strong으로 나타났다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.97-100
• /
• 2007

본 연구에서는 제주마의 연령에 따라 Caslick's index와 번식률의 관계를 조사하고자 수행하였다. 제주마의 연령이 증가할수록 Caslick's index 역시 증가됨을 알 수 있었다. 연령이 어린 암말($3{\sim}7$세)에서는 평균 Caslick index가 45.4, $8{\sim}14$세에서는 72.5, 15세 이상은 72.5로 나타났다. Caslick's index에 따른 암말의 평균 연령은 Caslick's index 50 이하에서는 10.9세이고, 50이상 150 이하에서는 13세, 150 이상에서는 15.1세로 나타났다. 제주마의 번식률과 Caslick's index와의 관계 에서도 Caslick's index가 증가함에 따라 번식률은 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.181-189
• /
• 1984

1,840 school children aged 6 to 13 years who live in inland area in CHOONG CHUNG BUK DO were surveyed epidemiologically on the dental caries prevalence. The results were as follows; 1. The prevalence of dental carries was 76.35 percentage in male, 76.15 percentage in female, and 76.25 percentage in both sexes. 2. d.m.f rate was 77.72 percentage in male, 80.07 percentage in female, and 78.86 percentage in both sexes. D.M.F rate was 30.73 percentage in male, 38.52 percentage in female, and 34.51 percentage in both sexes. 3. d.m.f.t. rate and index was 27.94 percentage,2.55T, and d.m.f.s. rate & index was 13.62 percentage, 6.22T. 4. D.M.F.T rate & index in permanent teeth was 4.86 percentage,0.72T, and D.M.F.S. rate & index was 1.20 percentage,0.89T. 5. The filling rate was 3.90 percentage in decidious teeth, 2,00 percentage in permanent teeth.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.6-19
• /
• 2009

여름철 인천항과 부산항에 서식하는 대형저서동물군집의 구조를 파악하고자 하였다. 인천항의 9개 조사정점에서 출현한 대형저서동물 군집의 출현종수는 총 88종이었고, 서식밀도는 3,212개체 m$^{-2}$, 생물량은 239 g m$^{-2}$였다. 인천항내에서는 다모류의 Tharyx sp., C. setosa 등이 우점하였고, 외해에 위치한 정점에서는 이매패류인 M. senhousia, 다모류인 S. scutat 등이 우점하였다. 인천항에서 출현한 대형저서동물의 종다양성지수(H')는 0.9$\sim$2.4의 범위를 보였고, 종균등도지수는 0.3$\sim$0.9, 종풍부도지수는 1.8$\sim$3.9의 범위를 보였다. 저서오염지수는 16$\sim$74의 범위를 보였다. 집괴분석 및 MDS배열법을 수행한 결과 내항의 정점들과 항 외부에 위치한 정점들로 종조성이 달랐다. 부산항에서 출현한 대형저서동물 군집의 총 출헌종수는 89종, 서식밀도는 1,845개체 m$^{-2}$, 생물량은133.6 g m$^{-2}$였다. 부산 항내 5개 정점에서 출현한 대형저서동물 중 가장 우점한 종은 다모류의 Tharyx sp., M. japonica, C. cirratus 등이었고, 외해 정점들에서 가장 우점한 종은 다모류의 M. japonica였다. 부산항의 종다양성지수는 0.7$\sim$2.2의 범위를 보였고, 종균등도지수는 0.3$\sim$1.0의 범위를, 종풍부도지수는 1.1$\sim$4.1의 범위를 보였다. 저서오염지수는 31$\sim$90의 범위를 보였다. 부산항의 대형저서동물군집 역시 집괴분석 및 MDS배별법 수행결과 항내와 항외 해역에서 조성에 차이를 보였다.