• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.287-297
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• 1995

경북대학교 치과 대학에서 두개안면골 성장에 관한 누년적 연구의 일환으로 남자 25명, 여자 21명을 대상으로 평균 연령 8.5세에서 16.5세까지 격년 간격으로 촬영한 두부X선 규격사진을 이용하여 Ricketts분석법의 항목중 V.T.O.작성의 초기 단계인 치료전의 성장 예견시에 필요한 각도 및 거리 계측 항목을 선정 계측하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 계측항목중 연령에 따른 변화를 보이지 않는 항목은 성장 방향을 나타내는 facial axis angle, FH to palatal plane angle, BA-NA-A angle, lower facial height 및 lower incisor protrusion이었다. 2. 연령에 따라 지속적으로 증가하는 항목(anterior and posterior cranial base length, facial axis length, condyle axis length, corpus axis length)에서 연간 성장 변화량, 평균 연성장량 및 8년간 변화량을 구하였다. 3. 연령에 따라 지속적으로 증가하는 모든 계측 항목에서 12세 이후의 대부분의 연간 성장변화량, 평균 연성장량 및 8년간 변화량에서 남녀간 유의차를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 4. 남녀별로 각 연령에서 각 계측치의 평균치를 이용하여 visual norm을 작성하였다. 남자의 경우 각 기간동안 상당한 성장을 보였으며 특히 12-14세 기간에 가장 많은 성장을 나타내었고, 여자의 성장 변화에서는 10-12세 사이에서 가장 많은 성장을 나타내었으며 이후 점차 감소를 보였다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1974

The author analyzed 64 males and 65 females with normal occlusion from the childhood to the juvenile korean roentgenocephalometrically. And following conclusions were obtained by means of linear analyses. 1. Maxillo-facial structure growth continued quite rapidly until puberty from childhood, and growth of male was increased than that of female after Hellman dental age IV A significantly. 2. The order of growth increments were mandibular, maxillary, and cranial base length in both sexes. 3. In both sexes, the growth of anterior face was more rapid than that of posterior face, and lower facial growth was greater than upper facial growth of anterior and posterior face. 4. The maxillo-facial height growth was rapid than that of the depth in both sexes.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2019

Ectodermal dysplasia is a genetic disorder in which various clinical manifestations involve two or more of the differentiated tissues of the ectoderm. Facial deformity, which is frequently associated with ectodermal dysplasia, appears in the form of cleft lip or cleft palate, especially in the middle facial area.Cleft and tooth defects result in decreased alveolar bone development.This leads to severe skeletal incongruity. Facial features include frontal protrusion, malar bone hypoplasia, flat nose, mandibular prominence and long lower facial height. This clinical report presents treatment including orthognathic surgery of a patient with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal dysplasia with cleft palate.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.133-140
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• 1979

The author compared patients showing two extremes of incisor vertical relationship to find out differences in craniofacial morphology which might influence face height and incisor overbite. The subjects consisted of 53 open-bite cases and the same number of deep-bite cases. The results were as follows: 1. On the average, the lower face height was significantly greater in open-bite cases than in deep-bite cases. 2. In open-bite cases, gonin-menton length was significantly greater than in deep-bite cases. In deep-bite cases, anterior cranial base length and posterior cranial base length were significantly greater in open-bite cases. 3. The jaw angle was significantly greater in open-bite cases. 4. The gonion-menton-nasion angle was significantly greater in deep-bite cases. 5. From geometric standpoint, the increase of jaw and joint angle would increase lower face height, but these two showed negative correlation. 6. The sizes of the jaw and joint angle might be factors of open-bite or deep-bite, but these were not the only variables that determined lower face height. 7. In open-bite cases, there was a closer correlationship between lower face height and the other linear measurments than in deep-bite cases. In deep-bite cases, there was a closer correlationship between lower face height and the other angular measurements than in open-bite cases. 8. Considering both linear and angular measurements of facial polygon, all contributed significantly to the lower face height. The nonsignificant variables were jaw and joint angle in open-bite cases, and anterior cranial base length, jaw angle, and joint angle in deep-bite cases.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.74-82
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• 2008

본 연구는 사춘기 성장 이전의 I, II급 부정교합을 갖는 아동 환자들의 측모 두부 규격 방사선사진을 이용하여 두 개 안면 형태를 조사하고 이들과 혀의 위치 및 면적, 기도의 면적과의 관계를 조사하여 비인두 기도 및 혀의 형태가 악골 및 부정 교합의 형태에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 9 - 11세의 교정환자 76명을 대상으로 측모 두부 규격 방사선사진상 ANB difference를 기준으로 대조군(I급 부정교합군: $0{\le}ANB$ difference <4.0)과 실험군(II급 부정교합군: ANB difference ${\ge}$ 4.0)으로 분류하였다. 혀 면적, 혀와 구개 사이의 면적, 비인두 기도 면적과 두개안면형태 항목을 측정하고 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 혀 면적, 혀와 구개 사이의 면적, 비인두 기도 면적은 II급 부정교합군과 I급 부정교합군 간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. Hyperdivergent 안면 형태일수록 비인두 기도 면적이 좁았다. 안모의 전후방 수직 길이가 길수록 혀의 면적이 넓었고, 전안면 고경이 길수록 혀는 하방위치 하였다. 비인두기도 면적이 좁을수록 혀의 면적도 좁아졌다. 이상의 연구 결과 혀의 면적과 위치, 비인두 기도의 면적은 I급, II급 부정교합 간에 차이를 보이지 않으며 hyperdivergent 안면 형태 및 안모의 전후방 수직 길이와 관련이 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• 치과방사선
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.103-114
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to determine whether any difference existed in craniofacial morphology between parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate and parents of children without cleft lip and/or palate as well as the characteristics of craniofacial morphology in parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate. Thirty three measurements of the various regions of cranium and face were obtained from lateral cephalometric radiograms in parents of 28 children with cleft lip and palate, 18 children with cleft lip, and 22 children with cleft palate. There were 28 couples and 40 single parents in this sample. There were 92 individuals including 41 males and 51 females. The measurements were compared with those in control subjects, including 40 adult males and 40 adult females, who had no history of craniofacial abnormalities. The total sample was compared for the sex independently. The obtained results were as follows. 1. In the cranium, both parents of cleft children had significantly shorter posterior cranial base length(S-Ba). 2. In the upper face, a significantly shorter anteroposterior length of maxilla(A'-Ptm'), particularly in the anterior region (A'-K), anterior facial depth(A-SBaL), posterior facia! height(Ptm'-SNL) and relation of subnasale to the cranial base (∠BaN'Sn) were noted in fathers of cleft children. But, all measurements were not found to be significantly different between experimental group and control group in all mothers. 3. In the lower face, both parents of cleft children showed a significantly greater Y axis angle(∠NSGn) and ramal plane angle(∠SNL-RP) in fathers of cleft children. Thus both patents showed a posteriorly rotation of mandible. The thickness of the lower lip(B-B') was significantly thicker in fathers of cleft children. 4. In the facial profile, a significantly shorter posterior facial height(S-Go) and greater angle of soft tissue facial convexity (∠BaN'Pog') were noted in the fathers of cleft children. But, all measurements were not found to be significantly different between experimental group and control group in all mothers.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.189-201
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• 1998

조선대학교 치과대학 학생 중 안모형태와 교합상태가 양호하고, 교정치료의 경험이 없는 정상교합자 74명 (남자 38명, 여자 36명)을 대조군으로 하였고 조선대학교 부속 치과병원 교정과에 내원하여 악교정 수술을 통한 교정치료가 필요하다가 진단된 골격성 III급 부정교합자 성인 45명 (남자 23명, 여자 22명)을 실험군으로 하여 두부규격방사선 사진을 촬영하고 Burstone & Legan방법에 의해 각각의 계측항목별로 남여를 비교 분석하여 악교정 수술이 필요한 골격성 III급 부정교합환자의 악안면 골격 특성에 대해 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 골격성 III급 부정교합 환자는 함몰된 안모를 지니고 있었고 (P<0.001), 여자에서 뚜렷한 상악골 열성장 (P<0.nt)과 하악골 과성장 (P<0.01)을 보인 반면, 남자에서는 통계학적인 유의성이 존재하지 않았고 상,하악골 연조직의 전,후방적인 비교에서는 특징적으로 남자는 하악골 연조직의 과다한 전방돌출 (P<0.001), 여자는 상악골 연조직의 과다한 후퇴 (P<0.001)을 보였는데 이는 골격성 III급 부정교합이 남자는 하악골 과성장, 여자는 상악골 열성장에 의해 주로 기인됨을 알 수 있다. 2. 골격성 III급 부정 교합을 지닌 남여 모두에서 특징적으로 MP-HP 각과 genial angle이 커서 하악골의 전하방 과성장을 보인 반면, ramus height는 남여 모두에서 아무런 영향도 미치지 않았으며, 상악중절치는 순측경사, 하악전치는 설측경사 되어 있었는데 이는 악교정 수술을 위한 술전교정 치료시 이러한 치성보상을 정상으로 회복시켜 각 골격구조내에서 치아들이 적절하게 위치되도록 하는 것이 중요하다고 것을 의미한다. 3. 여자에서 상안면고경에 비해 하안면고경이 특징적으로 짧았고, 남자의 lower facial throat angle이 특징적으로 작았다. 이는 골격성 III급 부정교합이 남자에서는 하악골의 과다한 하방 성장및 긴 목, 여자에서는 하악골의 전방으로의 과다성장및 짧은 목에 기인하는 것으로 보인다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.885-895
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• 1994

This study was performed to compare the dental arch dimensions of urban and rural high school females according to the region of residence and facial type. A model and cephalometric analysis was made from 48 urban and 48 rural high school females. The results of this study were obtained as follows : 1. Arch width in the urban group were similar to the rural group. 2. Lingual arch length at upper 1st premolar level in the urban group was larger than the rural group and lingual arch length at lower canine level in rural group was larger than the urban group. 3. Palatal height at canine level in the rural group was higher than the urban group. 4. Palatal heights at 2nd premolar and 1st molar level had correlation with the VERT index. In comparison of lingual arch dimensions according to Rickett's facial group, palatal heights at 2nd premolar and 1st molar level in dolichofacial group were lower than other groups.

• 치과방사선
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 1972

A roentgenographic cephalometric study was made on the soft and hard tissue profile of Korean adults. The subject consisted of 52 males and 54 females from 17 to 22 years of age and with normal occlusion and acceptable profile. Twenty one landmarks were plotted and two oriented lines named SnH line and SnV line were drawn on the tracings of all cephalograms. The means and the standard deviations from the subjects were calculated in each measuring category and the means were compared with those of male and femal samples. The results were obtained as follow: 1. In depth and height, individual variations and sex differences of the lower facial profile were larger than the upper face. 2. The sex differences of upper facial profile were larger in height than depth. 3. The individual variations and sex differences of the top of nose were the smallest in all measuring points. 4. The thickness of the soft tissue of upper face and upper lip in male sample were larger than those of female, but the same matter were not found in mental region.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.147-160
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• 1989

Long face patients are characterized by excessive anterior facial height, lip incompetence at rest, anterior open bite, and gummy smile. A major problem is an inferior rotation of the posterior maxilla and upper molars. Long face patients have been the most difficult for orthodontist to treat successfully. In growing patients, the methods for impeding excessive vertical growth have been used high pull head gear, functional appliance, and combined type of two. One significant improvement comes from using a full arch splint to deliver force to the maxilla more vertically. In adult patients, orthodontic camouflage treatment is biomechanically difficult and doesn't work when the problem is primarilly vertical. Surgical maxillary impaction provides a means for successfully treating most of problems. Also, superior reposition of the chin via a mandibular inferior border osteotomy is effective in decrease of lower anterior facial height and correction of the poor chin-lip balance. Post-surgical stability and the physiologic response are good. The coordinated orthodontic and surgical treatment is necessary for solution the difficult skeletal deformity.