Browse > Article

Effect of airway and tongue in facial morphology of prepubertal Class I, II children  

Hwang, Yong-In (Department of Orthodontics, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center)
Lee, Kyu-Hong (Department of Orthodontics, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center)
Lee, Kee-Joon (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Yonsei University)
Kim, Sang-Cheol (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University)
Cho, Hyung-Jun (Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Hallym University)
Cheon, Se-Hwan (Department of Orthodontics, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center)
Park, Yang-Ho (Department of Orthodontics, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center)
Publication Information
The korean journal of orthodontics / v.38, no.2, 2008 , pp. 74-82 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective: This study examined the craniofacial morphology of young patients in their prepubertal stage showing class I, II malocclusion, by analyzing lateral cephalograms, and analyzed its relationship with tongue position, tongue space, and airway space in order to ascertain the effects of nasopharyngeal airway and tongue morphology on the form of the malocclusion. Methods: Seventy-six patients aging from 9 to 11 were divided into two groups depending on the ANB difference on the lateral cephalogram: Experimental group (CI II malocclusion group) showing $0{\le}ANB$ difference < 4.0; Control group (CI I malocclusion group) showing $0{\le}ANB$ difference < 4.0. The tongue space, space between palate and tongue, nasopharyngeal airway space and craniofacial morphology were compared between the two groups. Results: Tongue space, palate-tongue space, nasopharyngeal airway space showed no significant differences between class I and class II malocclusion groups. Hyperdivergent faces were associated with smaller nasopharyngeal airway space. Longer anterior facial height and posterior facial height were associated with larger tongue space, and greater anterior facial height were associated with lower tongue position. Smaller nasopharyngeal airway space showed smaller tongue space. Conclusions: Tongue space and nasopharyngeal airway space showed no significant differences between class I malocclusion group and class II malocclusion group. Only anterior facial height and posterior facial height had an influence on tongue space and nasopharyngeal airway space.
Keywords
Tongue; Nasopharyngeal airway; Malocclusion; Cephalometric analysis;
Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By Web Of Science : 4  (Related Records In Web of Science)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 4
연도 인용수 순위
1 Emslie RD, Massler M, Zwemer JD. Mouth breathing. 1. Etiology and effects; a review. J Am Dent Assoc 1952;44:506-21   DOI   PUBMED
2 Valera FC, Travitzki LV, Mattar SE, Matsumoto MA, Elias AM, Anselmo-Lima WT. Muscular, functional and orthodontic changes in pre school children with enlarged adenoids and tonsils. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2003;67:761-70   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Linder-Aronson S. Respiratory function in relation to facial morphology and the dentition. Br J Orthod 1979;6:59-71   DOI   PUBMED
4 Yoo E, Murakami S, Takada K, Fuchihata H, Sakuda M. Tongue volume in human female adults with mandibular prognathism. J Dent Res 1996;75:1957-62   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Mergen DC, Jacobs RM. The size of Nasopharynx associated with normal occlusion and class II malocclusion. Angle Orthod 1970;40:342-6   PUBMED
6 Proffit WR. Contemporary orthodontics. 4th ed. St Louis: Mosby; 2007. p. 27-9
7 Lowe AA, Takada K, Yamagata Y, Sakuda M. Dentoskeletal and tongue soft-tissue correlates : A cephalometric analysis of rest position. Am J Orthod 1985;88:333-41   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Tamari K, Shimizu K, Ichinose M, Nakata S, Tadahama Y. Relationship between tongue volume and lower dental arch sizes. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1991;100:453-8   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Lopatiene K, Babarskas A. Malocclusion and upper airway obstruction. Medicina (Kaunas) 2002;38:277-83
10 Houston WJ. The analysis of errors in orthodontic measurements. Am J Orthod 1983;83:382-90   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Hopkin GB. Neonatal and adult tongue dimensions. Angle Orthod 1967;37:132-3   PUBMED
12 Niikuni N, Nakajima I, Akasaka M. The relationship between tongue-base position and craniofacial morphology in preschool children. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2004;28:131-4   PUBMED
13 Eifert DF. A roentogenographic cephalometric study of the tongue. Am J Orthod 1960;46:226-7   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Jaw TS, Sheu RS, Liu GC, Lin WC. Development of adenoids: a study by measurement with MR images. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 1999;15:12-8   PUBMED
15 Behlfelt K, Linder-Aronson S, McWilliam J, Neander P, Laage- Hellman J. Cranio-facial morphology in children with and without enlarged tonsils. Eur J Orthod 1990;12:233-43   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
16 Subtelny JD. The significance of adenoid tissue in orthodontia. Angle Orthod 1954;24:59-69
17 Lessa FC, Enoki C, Feres MF, Valera FC, Lima WT, Matsumoto MA. Breathing mode influence in craniofacial development. Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol (EnglEd) 2005;71:156-60   DOI
18 Solow B, Siersbaek-Nielsen S, Greve E. Airway adequacy, head posture, and craniofacial morphology. Am J Orthod 1984;86:214-23   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Linder-Aronson S. Adenoids. Their effect on mode of breathing and nasal airflow and their relationship to characteristics of the facial skeleton and the denition. A biometric, rhino-manometric and cephalometro-radiographic study on children with and without adenoids. Acta otolaryngol Suppl 1970;265:1-132   PUBMED
20 Melsen B, Stensgaard K, Pedersen J. Sucking habits and their influence on swallowing pattern and prevalence of malocclusion. Eur J Orthod 1979;1:271-80   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
21 Subtelny JD, Sakuda M. Open-bite, Diagnosis and treatment. Am J Orthod 1964;50:337-58   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Subtelny JD. Width of the nasopharynx and related anatomic structures in normal and unoperated cleft palate children. Am J Orthod 1955;41:889-909   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Cooper BC. Nasorespiratory function and orofacial development. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1989;22:413-41   PUBMED
24 Moyers RE. Etiology of Malocclusion, in Handbook of Orthodontics. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers; 1988