• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.479-490
• /
• 2018

The granite melting concept, which was suggested by Gibb's group for the closing of a deep borehole, was experimentally checked for KURT granite. The granite melting experiments were performed in two pressure conditions of atmospheric melting with certain inorganic additives and high pressure melting formed by water vaporization. The results of atmospheric tests showed that KURT granite started to melt at a lower temperature of $1,000^{\circ}C$ with NaOH addition and that needle shaped crystals were formed around partially melted crystals. In high pressure tests, vapor pressure was increased by adding water with maximum pressure of about 400 bars. KURT granite was partially melted at $1,000^{\circ}C$ when vapor pressure was low. However, it was not melted at vapor pressures higher than 200 bars. Therefore, it was determined that high pressure with a small amount of water vapor more effectively decreased the melting point of granite. Meanwhile, high temperature and high pressure vapor caused severe corrosion of the reactor wall.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.65-71
• /
• 2005

Experimental Ti-13%Zr and Ti-13%Zr-5%Cu alloys were made in an argon-arc melting furnace. The grade 2 CP Ti was used to control. The alloys were cast into phosphate bonded $SiO_2$ investment molds using an argon-arc casting machine, and The hardness and microstructures of the castings were investigated in order to reveal their possible use for new dental casting materials and to collect useful data for alloy design. The hardness of the Ti-13%Zr-5%Cu alloy(379Hv) became higher than that of Ti-13%Zr(317Hv) alloy, and the hardness of this alloys became higher than that of CP Ti(247Hv). Increasing in the hardness of the Ti-13%Zr-5%Cu alloy was considered to be solid solution hardening as the Ti-Zr system shows a completely solid solution for both high temperature $\beta$phase and low temperature $\alpha$ phase and also the inclusion of the eutectoid structure($\alpha Ti+Ti_{2}Cu$). No martensitic structures are observed in the specimen made of CP Ti, but Ti-13%Zr and Ti-13%Zr-5%Cu alloys show a kind of martensitic structure. Ti-13%Zr-5%Cu shows the finest microstructure. From these results, it was concluded that new alloys for dental casting materials should be designed as Ti-Zr-Cu based alloys.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.457-464
• /
• 2010

The low melting alloy impregnated wood composites with natural grain of thinned Juglans mandshurica was made and evaluated in this study. And the proper manufacturing conditions was also investigated in this study. The low melting alloy with bismuth(Bi) and tin(Sn) which are harmless to humans, was applied for this novel composites, which showed not only no defects of discoloration, delamination, swelling, and cracking, because of high dimensional stability and low thickness swelling, but also much improved performance such as high bending strength, high hardness, low abrasion, high thermal conductivity as floor materials. This study also suggested the proper impregnating condition, such as 10 minutes of the preliminary vacuum time, $187^{\circ}C$ of the heating temperature and 10 minutes of the maintaining pressure time at the pressure of 30kgf/$cm^2$. The produced composites showed 9 times higher density for small specimen, 6.6 times for actual size sample and great increase in bending strength from 102.05N/$mm^2$ to 189.47N/$mm^2$ for small size sample and to 205.4N/$mm^2$ for actual size sample, also great increase in hardness from 15.1N/$mm^2$ to 73.38N/$mm^2$ for small size sample and 64.87N/$mm^2$ for actual size sample. And the composites demonstrated great decrease in abrasion depth and in water absorption.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
• /
• 1997.04a
• /
• pp.328-332
• /
• 1997

Hot stretching focused on the improvement of properties of poly(L-lactic acid) fiber. Some aliphatic polyesters are biodegradable under microbial attack and the new unique applications are expected. Generally, these materials have a somewhat low melting temperature and low mechanical properties compared with the aromatic polyesters. In this study, melt-spinning of poly(L-lactic acid) was conducted. We investigated effects of the stretching and the molecular orientation of aliphatic polyester fibers on the change of fine-structure. Glass transition temperature, molecular orientation and crystallinity increased according to the increase of stretching ratio.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.467-476
• /
• 2013

This study investigates the dyeability and the fastness of flame retardant polyester fabric developed by a thermal bonding with a low melting component of flame retardant bicomponent filament (LMFRPC). The fabrics were prepared with flame retardant polyester filaments (FRP) as warp and blended filaments of FRP and LMFRPC as weft. The LMFRPC have a sheath and a core where the core comprises a flame retardant polyester and the sheath comprises a thermoplastic polyester with a low-melting point. The thermal bonding of fabric was conducted in a pin tenter at $170^{\circ}C$ for 60 seconds. Fabric dyeing was conducted with an infrared dyeing machine at various dyeing temperatures and dyeing times. The dyestuffs used in this study were CI disperse Yellow 54, Red 60 and Blue 56 of E-type dyestuff and Orange 30, Red 167 and Blue 79 of S-type dyestuff. This study investigated the morphology of thermal bonded fabric, dyeability and fastness of dyed fabric. Dyeability increased with an increased dyeing temperature. The thermal bonded area increased with the increased LMFRPC content. The dyeability of S-type dyestuff was higher than E-type dyestuff; in addition, the saturated dyeing time was about 20minutes at $130^{\circ}C$ for E and S-type dyestuff. The fastness to washing and rubbing were excellent at a 4-5 Grade.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.130-135
• /
• 2016

To alloy high melting point elements such as boron, ruthenium, and iridium with copper, heat treatment was performed using metal oxides of $B_2O_3$, $RuO_2$, and $IrO_2$ at the temperature of $1200^{\circ}C$ in vacuum for 30 minutes. The microstructure analysis of the alloyed sample was confirmed using an optical microscope and FE-SEM. Hardness and trace element analyses were performed using Vickers hardness and WD-XRF, respectively. Diffusion profile analysis was performed using D-SIMS. From the microstructure analysis results, crystal grains were found to have formed with sizes of 2.97 mm. For the copper alloys formed using metal oxides of $B_2O_3$, $RuO_2$, and $IrO_2$ the sizes of the crystal grains were 1.24, 1.77, and 2.23 mm, respectively, while these sizes were smaller than pure copper. From the Vickers hardness results, the hardness of the Ir-copper alloy was found to have increased by a maximum of 2.2 times compared to pure copper. From the trace element analysis, the copper alloy was fabricated with the expected composition. From the diffusion profile analysis results, it can be seen that 0.059 wt%, 0.030 wt%, and 0.114 wt% of B, Ru, and Ir, respectively, were alloyed in the copper, and it led to change the hardness. Therefore, we verified that alloying of high melting point elements is possible at the low temperature of $1200^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.110-114
• /
• 2002

The master pattern manufacturing process is one of the most important processes in jewelry industry because the process takes 20% of total jewelry manufacturing costs. The previous jewelry manufacturing process has many steps of "rough design${\leftrightarro}$ detailed drawing${\leftrightarro}$ wax pattern manufacturing ${\leftrightarro}$ lime soda flask mold manufacturing ${\leftrightarro}$ silver master pattern manufacturing ${\leftrightarro}$ mass production of wax pattern ${\leftrightarro}$ investment casting process ${\leftrightarro}$ final jewelry product." A novel process that reduces processing steps by using a rapid prototyping system (RP) has been suggested. The process is "3D CAD design ${\leftrightarro}$ DuraForm mold manufacturing by RP ${\leftrightarro}$ manufacturing master pattern by low melting alloy ${\leftrightarro}$ mass production of wax pattern ${\leftrightarro}$ investment casting process${\leftrightarro}$ final jewelry product." Molds are made with DuraForm powder, of which melting temperature is 19$0^{\circ}C$, by a selective laster sintering type RP. An alloy of Pb-Sn-Bi-Cd, of which melting temperature is $70^{\circ}C$, is casted in the DuraForm molds. Spheres and rings of diameter 20 mm are made by this process. The dimension deformation rate is less than 2%, and the post processing of the castings is convenient. The casting made by the suggested process can be used as a master pattern of jewelry products.of jewelry products.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.41-51
• /
• 2012

Polyester is mainly used as a bedding filler material. PLA fiber as an eco-friendly material for substituting polyester has a low melting temperature and therefore a hardening process is impossible. This study is to develop the oil for feather touch that can treat at the melting temperature of PLA. The slippery and soft aminosilicone emulsion, and the bulky epoxysilicone emulsion were used. They had proper viscosity and particle size for flexibility and elasticity. When using methoxy aminosilane [$H_2NSi(OCH_3)_3$] as an aminosilane and [$Zn(OCOCH_3)_2$] as a catalyst, the hardening reaction was fast and effective. Feather touch process were treated by 2 steps. At first step, aminosilicone emulsion, epoxysilicone emulsion and methylaminosilane were mixed and homogenized, and at second step, 5% blened solution of the first step, Zn catalyst 1%, distilled water 94% were treated at PLA fiber. After treatment the static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient were reduced to 23.5-60.8% and 30.0-61.3% respectively, and the laundry and sun light fastnesses have not shown any decrease.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.223-232
• /
• 2014

To make metalized wood composites of 10 different korean wood species, it was tested by Low temperature melting Bi-Sn alloy injection method at high temperature and high pressure condition. Metalized wood composite of each wood species had light ash color, but still maintained its own natural wood grain and wood figures. It was evaluated on coating properties. Furthermore, it also was check on effect of coating as like a changes of main color, wood grain and wood figures. The results of test were following as; a coating properties as like a cold resistance, heat resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, durability of abrasion, and cross-cut test was proper on the conditions of the KS standard. And, In aspect of color changes, the metalized wood composites of 10 different korean wood species had a light ash color, but still maintained its own natural wood grain and wood figures. Also, the more weight per gain of alloy is, the more grey background of metalized wood composite is.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
• /
• 2010.03a
• /
• pp.167-168
• /
• 2010

Non coating type Low melting yarn(L/M PET) not to use the polyurethane resin causing some problems was knitting and evaluated its dyeing characteristics, heat setting properties and flame-retardant properties without flame retardant agent or flame retardant fabric. In order to investigate the dyeing property of fabric of L/M PET, the dyeing of L/M PET was experimented at each different dyeing temperature. Higher exhaustion yield was achieved at lower temperature of L/M PET compared to regular PET. According to result of the study for the heat setting properties of L/M fiber, the K/S value of dyed L/M fiber increased as much as the heat setting temperature did. The experiment for the light fastness reached similar result to dyed PET. However washing fastness in L/M fiber showed lower grade compared with regular PET. flame-retardant efficiency of L/M PET without flame retardant agent or flame retardant fabric measured by $45^{\circ}$ burn test and Contact burn test. The flame?retardant performance of the sample was carried out according to the Korea Fire-fighting Standard.[KOFEIS 1001].