• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2016

In this paper, the relationship between energy consumption in the logistics industry and economic growth of Tumen River region from 1995 to 2014 is empirically analyzed by using the EKC model theory. The results show that there is a turning point in the Kuznets curve of carbon emission in TumenRiverregion. And it has the characteristic sof "invertedU" curve, which conforms to the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis. Meanwhile it is stil lintherisingstage. According to the analysis results, it is proposed to set up the concept of low carbon logistics, optimize the energy structure, strengthen the information construction, and establish low-carbon development mechanism and so on.

• 대한금속재료학회지
• /
• 제47권2호
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2009

The precipitation behavior of solute carbon and nitrogen strongly affects the mechanical properties of low-carbon automotive panel. In the present study, the effects of aluminum and solute nitrogen on the bake hardenability and strain aging of extremely low-carbon steel with carbon content below 15 ppm has been investigated. The ferrite grain size and distribution of precipitates were varied with the amount of aluminum content of 0.003 to ~ 0.100 wt% in a constant solute carbon and nitrogen. With increasing the aluminum content, the ferrite grain size is increased and strain aging is delayed. The strain aging is also delayed by increasing the annealing temperature, although the ferrite grain size is not much changed.

• Carbon letters
• /
• 제2권3_4호
• /
• pp.192-201
• /
• 2001

The Carbon/Carbon composite was prepared from 3D carbon fiber preform and coal tar pitch as matrix precursor. In order to evaluate of ablative characteristics of the composite, liquid rocket system was employed Kerosene and liquid oxygen was used as propellants, operating at a nominal chamber pressure of 330 psi and a nominal mixture ratio (O/F) of 2.0. The results of an experimental evaluation were that high density composite exhibited high, while low density composites showed low erosion resistance. The erosion rate against heat flux was highly depended on the density of the materials. The morphology of eroded fiber showed differently according to collision angle with heat flux on the composite. The granular matrix which derived from carbonization pressure of 900 bar was more resistance to heat flux than well-developed flow type matrix.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.190-196
• /
• 2018

Carbon fiber/epoxy composites are typical brittle materials and have low impact properties. Recently, it is important to investigate impact characteristics of carbon fiber composites because of increasing use as automobile parts and high pressure hydrogen vessels of fuel cell electric vehicles for light weight. In this study, the low velocity impact properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites fabricated by a filament winding method are studied. The low velocity impact properties were measured by performing tests according to ASTM D7136. The low velocity impact simulations were carried out using commercial structural analysis software, Abaqus. The absorbed energy and the delamination shapes were compared between the experimental and simulation results. The numerical analysis method showed that the absorbed energy decreased with the reduced number of cohesive elements in the composite models.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.360-369
• /
• 2012

The main purpose of this study is to analyse economic feasibility of low-carbon-oriented trawl gear. The results of benefit/cost analysis showed that use of the low-carbon fishing gear is economically feasible. Considering the fuel saving and relatively low $CO_2$ emission by reducing the resistance of gear, net present value by such gear improvement was estimated about 2,430~2,853 million won with the benefit-cost ratio 1.65~1.84 and the internal rate of return 29.18~30.48 percent. Development of low-carbon trawl gear would render significant contributions to reducing $CO_2$ emission in fishing operations and lead to reduce fishing costs due to fuel savings.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2014

In recent years, Korean government has focused on improving the environmental impact of products in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to achieve their energy goals. The government has been conducting the following polices such as green procurement inducement and certification system. After carbon labeling was conducted in 2009, among a total of 1,065 items, 97 building materials have been given a certification: finishing materials items have the highest weight (56%). The increase in the certification numbers shows that there has been considerable technical efforts in the building material industry. At the awareness of carbon label and purchase of low carbon product, however, customers are aware of carbon labeling but the purchasing rate of carbon product is low. In this paper, we suggest that low carbon activities must also be considered in order to create client value by adding the concept of ecological efficiency. The objective of this study to measurer the eco-efficiency of carbon labeled building materials on the basis of environmental aspects of the product with the perspective of economy for purchasing the excellent products.

• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.253-262
• /
• 2013

The test on the mix of PVA fiber of low carbon inorganic composite as a cement substitute found it to be satisfactory in terms of flexibility and stiffness. The result of the evaluation of the properties of low carbon inorganic panel revealed that the absorptivity was low at 8 to 9%, which is lower than the KS value of 25%. Also, the test on non-combustibility and gas toxicity found that these factors satisfied the decision criteria. In the test on heavy metals discharges, Pb, Cd, Cr6+, Hg, and As were not detected. Regarding far-Infrared emissivity and formaldehyde emission, the substitute was found to be harmless to the human body. Therefore, if the issue of shrinkage, which is a disadvantage of inorganic composites, is addressed, it is judged that it is possible to develop a low carbon inorganic composite panel with better performance.

• 한국항공운항학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 2013

The amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has been increasing steadily over the last 4 years, averaging 6.8 percent a year, due to the growth of low cost carriers and the increased demand for air transportations. For the aviation GHG reduction, various fuel saving activities are implemented in many areas such as high-efficiency aircraft and bio-fuel development in the technical part and low carbon flight procedures, short cut route development in the operational approach. Among the various reduction technologies, we focused on low carbon flight procedures that are crucial to GHG reduciton and suggested a reduction effect according to target implementation rate using by fuel saving estimation data in each aircraft type.

• 열처리공학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.78-86
• /
• 2004

Effects of the annealing parameters on the formation of ferrites transformed at low temperatures were studied in cold-rolled ultra low carbon steels with niobium and/or chromium. Niobium and chromium were found to be effective in the formation of the low temperature transformation ferrites. The low temperature transformation ferrites more easily formed when both higher annealing temperature and longer annealing time, allowing substitutional alloying elements to distribute between phases, are in combination with faster cooling rate. It was found from EBSD study that the additions of niobium or chromium resulted in the increase in the numbers of high angle grain boundaries and the decrease in those of the low angle grain boundaries in the microstructures. Both granular bainitic ferrite and bainitic ferrite were characterized by the not clearly etched grain boundaries in light microscopy because of the low angle grain boundaries.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.83-90
• /
• 2021

본 연구에서는 저온 열처리 탄소의 물리·화학적 특성이 이차전지 음극재로서의 전기화학적 거동에 미치는 영향에 대하여 고찰하였다. 석유계 핏치의 코크스화를 위하여 600 ℃ 열처리를 수행하였으며 제조된 코크스는 700~1500 ℃로 탄화 온도를 달리하여 저온 열처리 탄소 음극재로 제조되었다. 탄소 음극재의 물리 화학적 특성은 N2 흡·탈착 등온선, X-ray diffraction (XRD), 라만 분광(Raman spectroscopy), 원소 분석 등을 통하여 확인하였으며,저온 열처리 탄소의 음극 특성은 반쪽 전지를 통한 용량, 초기 쿨롱 효율(ICE, initial Coulomb efficiency), 율속, 수명 등의 전기화학적 특성을 통하여 고찰하였다. 저온 열처리 탄소의 결정 구조는 1500 ℃ 이하에서 결정자의 크기와 진밀도가 증가하였으며 비표면적은 감소하였다. 저온 열처리 탄소의 물리화학적 특성 변화에 따라 음극재의 전기화학 특성이 변화하였는데 수명 특성은 H/C 원소 비, 초기 쿨롱 효율은 비표면적, 율속 특성은 진밀도의 특성에 기인하는 것으로 판단되었다.