• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.200-208
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to evaluate the shelf-life of Bojungikgi-tang (Buzhongyiqi-tang in Chinese) by long-term storage test. Experiments were performed to evaluate the stability such as the selected physicochemical, pH, identification, heavy metal, microbiological experiment, and amount of marker compounds under a long-term storage test of Bojungikgi-tang decoction. The significant change was not showed in pH, heavy metal, microbiological, and identification test based on long-term storage test. Furthermore, the HPLC analysis was performed for the determinations of liquiritin, glycyrrhizin, nodakenin, and hesperidin in Bojungikgi-tang by long-term storage test. We were calculated shelf-life of Bojungikgi-tang decoction based on the amount change of four constituents. Consequently, Shelf-life by four compounds at room temperature was predicted 23 month. The suggested shelf-life would be helpful on the storage and distribution of herbal medicine.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.257-264
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to estimate the shelf-life of Ssanghwa-tang by long-term storage test. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the stability such as the selected physicochemical, pH, identification, heavy metal, microbiological experiment under a long-term storage test of Ssanghwa-tang. The significant change was not showed in pH, heavy metal, microbiological, identification test and quantitative analysis based on long-term storage test. The contents of albiflorin, paeoniflorin, cinnamic acid, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizin in long-term storage test were 66.8-93.1 ${\mu}g/mL$, 429.0-495.0 ${\mu}g/mL$, 3.8-4.4 ${\mu}g/mL$, 32.0-38.1 ${\mu}g/mL$, and 66.8-71.7 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Shelf-lifes by 5 compounds about 3 lots at room temperature were predicted 21-37, 14-21, and 16-72 months, respectively. The suggested shelf-life would be helpful on the storage and distribution of herbal medicine.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.183-194
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• 2011

Objectives : To estimate the shelf-life by long-term storage test of Pyungwi-san. Methods : Experiments were conducted to evaluate the stability such as the selected physicochemical, heavy metal, microbilogical experiment under an acceleration test and long-term storage test of Pyungwi-san in different storage under room temperature, refrigeration and freezing. Futhermore, HPLC analysis was performed for the determinations of glycyrrhizin in the Pyungwi-san on an Inertsil ODS-3 column(250 mm ${\times}$ 4.6 mm, 5 um) using solvent 35% acetonitrile include 0.05% phosphoric acid at 254 nm. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. Results : The significant change was not showed in pH, heavy metal, microbiological, identification test and quantitative analysis based on acceleration test and long-term storage test. Retention time of glycyrrhizin in HPLC chromatogram was about 16.065 min and calibration curve showed good linearity($R^2$ = 0.9999). The contents of glycyrrhizin in acceleration test and long-term storage test were 0.068~0.076 mg/mL and 0.066~0.077 mg/mL, respectively. Shelf-lifes of room temperature, refrigeration and freezing by long-term storage test were predicted 41, 24 and 34 months, respectively. Conclusions : The suggested shelf-life would be helpful on the storage and distribution of herbal medicine.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.458-469
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• 2015

Objectives: Buja and Cheono, containing aconitine known for its cardiotoxicity, are not commonly prescribed, but they are necessary for some clinical conditions. Hence, consequences for electrocardiography (EKG) after short- and long-term dosage of herbal medicine including Buja and Cheono are here reported.Methods: From September 2014 to April 2015, 36 patients belonging to the sixth internal medicine department of the Dong Eui Oriental Medicine Hospital took herbal medicine including Buja and Cheono, and after these doses, they underwent an EKG. Thirty-one patients who took the medicine for 7-8 days comprised the short-term group, and 18 patients taking the medicine for 17-106 days comprised the long-term group. The results of the EKGs for each group, before and after dosage with herbal medicine, are compared.Results: No significant changes in EKG appeared in either the short- or the long-term group after taking herbal medicine including Buja and Cheono.Conclusions: If Buja or Cheono are prescribed along with other suitable herbs by a doctor of Korean medicine, no cardiac trouble will occur on an EKG regardless of the term of the dosage.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.555-563
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• 2017

Objectives: This case report describes a patient who had suffered a stroke and who was treated for a long period with herbal medicine in combination with a Western medicine. Methods: Changes in liver function and renal function laboratory tests were measured while the patient took herbal medicine during the 1190 days of hospitalization. Results: During the hospitalization period, the liver function test (LFT) levels were elevated two fold, but after taking the herbal medicine, the LFT levels were stabilized and have remained stable since. Conclusions: The high risk of prescribing herbal medicine by an unlicensed person and the possibility of long-term herbal medicine usage for stabilizing liver function test were shown.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.812-819
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to report the long-term efficacy of herbal medicine for treatment of patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). Methods: We reviewed the clinical records of 17 patients with RAS who visited the Oral Diseases Clinic of Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital from September 1st, 2014 to August 29th, 2017. The patients were treated with herbal medicine for more than 3 consecutive weeks, followed by a telephone survey. We evaluated the clinical characteristics of RAS, and compared the short-term and long-term efficacy of herbal medicine treatment. Results: After treatment with herbal medicine, the clinical characteristics improved in the 17 patients with RAS, especially in terms of the duration and interval of recurrence. Prolonged effects were reported upon the follow-up telephone survey. Conclusion: Herbal medicine treatment may have a long-term effect in patients with RAS.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1646-1654
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of several herbal prescriptions in patients with allergy or atopic disease, such as atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergy rhinitis and others, on the blood immunological parameters and to verify the safety of long-term use of herbal medicine. Eighty one patients with allergy or atopy disease who taken herbal medicine at least for 2 months were compared with patients who taken same medicine with no allergy & atopy disease (n=14) and normal healthy subjects (n=22). According to the comparison of immunological parameters change, the data showed that herbal medicine decreased IgE (P=0.003), Eosinophil ratio (P<0.001) and count (P<0.001) of White Blood Cell (WBC) and did not affect to the liver cell enzymes in blood. This results indicated that herbal medicine decreased immune hypersensitivity and improved chronic inflammation related to blood immunological parameters of allergy or atopy diseases. In addition, herbal medicine seemed to be safe to the liver function for long-term use.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.1052-1060
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• 2018

Objectives: This study reports the effect of herbal medicine to replace laxatives for patients with chronic constipation. Methods: The patients who took laxatives due to long-term constipation were prescribed herbal medicine instead. We assessed whether they could defecate without laxatives and if their bowel habits improved using only herbal medicine. Results: The use of herbal medicine instead of laxatives improved patients' defecation and reduced symptoms such as hard stool, difficulty during defecation, and sensation of incomplete evacuation. Conclusions: Through two cases, we found that herbal medicine is effective for patients who are dissatisfied with laxatives.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.300-305
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• 2004

Background : Due to increased interest in herbal medicines is recent years, medical circles have made studies of toxicity and side effects of herbal medicines. Particularly the kidney is sensitive to toxicity. A few reports concerning the side effects and toxicity of herbal medicine have been presented recently. This has bought on some distrust in herbal medicines among patients and western doctors. Objectives : The purpose of this study is to determine what effects long-term prescription of one herbal medicine may have on renal function. Methods : Nineteen patients took herbal medicine for eight weeks. Tests of their Blood Urea Nitrogen(BUN), Creatinine of blood plasma, and urine (chemical and microscopic) were taken before taking medicine and at the 2nd, 4th, 8th weeks. Results : After taking a herbal medicine, BUN and Creatinine decreased significantly or remained the same in comparison with the prior interval. Chemical and microscopic examination of urine showed no changes. Conclusions : The results suggest that taking this herbal medicine for a long time does not induce nephrotixicity. Further study is needed for investigating safety and toxicity of herbal medicines.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.347-353
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• 2018

There are some controversies about the safety of herbal medicine. In order to examine the safety of herbal medicine, this study investigated the level of liver function test(AST/ALT) in patients taking herbal medicine for more than 6 months We checked liver function in 121 patients who took herbal medicine for more than 6 months. AST/ALT were measured before treatment and every 3 months (from 3 month to 9 month). In 121 patients taking herbal medicine for more than 6 months, mean AST level after 6 months was lower than before treatment and mean ALT level after 6 months was lower than before treatment. In 20 patients with abnormal AST/ALT before herbal treatment, 18 patients's AST/ALT changed to normal after 6 month herbal treatment. 2 patients's AST/ALT was slightly higher than normal. One woman patient met the criteria for herb-induced liver injury(HILI) with RUCAM scores 4 after taking herbal medicine for 6 months. Although her RUCAM score decreased to zero after taking herbal medicine for 9 months. This study suggests that long-term herbal medicine for 6 months or longer is very unlikely to injury liver function. Individual-specific liver damage may occur, it can be recovered.