• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between cognitive function, self-esteem, and depression among patients in long-term care hospitals. Methods: The study participants were 159 patients from 2 long-term care hospitals in Kyungki province. Data were collected from January 2 to February 5, 2013, by conducting across-sectional descriptive survey using a structured questionnaire administered by researchers. Results: Cognitive function and depression were significantly different according to age, education level and marriage. Self-esteem was significantly different according to education level and economic status. Self-esteem was significantly positively correlated with cognitive function, which in contrast showed a significant negative correlation with depression. Among our subjects, those older than 80 years showed low cognitive function and those with low educational attainment showed high scores of depression. Conclusion: We conclude that, elderly patients in long-term care hospitals who have low educational attainment should be carefully monitored, especially by nurses, for cognitive function and depression. In addition, nurses should have constant communication with their patients. Moreover, long-term care hospitals should apply early detection of and a management system for cognitive impairment and depression among their patients.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.530-538
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• 2018

Purpose: This study tried to identify changes in family burden after the introduction of the long-term care insurance and to examine the factors influencing subjective and objective caring burden and depression of family caregivers of elders receiving home-based long-term care. Methods: Data were collected from 203 family caregivers of elders from August 1 to 31, 2015 using questionnaires. They were analyzed in descriptive statistics, t test, ANOVA test, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean score of depression was 7.24, which suggested mild depression level. The subjective family burden was 2.71 and the objective burden 3.04. The factors affecting depression included subjective burden (t=5.08, p<.001), objective burden (t=2.80, p=.006), time of elderly care per day (t=-3.61, p< .001), caregiving duration (t=3.33, p=.001), age (t=3.13, p=.002), family relationship (t=2.48, p=.014), and economic status (t=1.99, p=.047). Conclusion: The family burden was most important influencing factor on caregiver's depression. Therefore, services and supports to alleviate caregivers' burden in the home-based care should be added to long-term care.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.143-151
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• 2019

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the causal relationships between social support, spiritual well-being, and depression among family caregivers caring for the elderly in need of long-term care. Based on previous studies and theoretical backgrounds, a mediation research model including the aforementioned variables was proposed. A total of 383 family caregivers from 25 long-term care facilities in G Metropolitan City were included in the present study and hierarchical regression was used. The primary results were as follows. First, family caregivers' social support was negatively associated with depression. Second, family caregivers' social support was positively associated with spiritual well-being. Third, family caregivers' spiritual well-being was negatively associated with depression. Fourth, social support was positively associated with spiritual well-being, which was related to weaker depression among family caregivers. Finally, theoretical implications of these findings and recommendations for policy and practice were also discussed.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.163-174
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of job stress, depression and fatigue on sleep quality of care workers employed in long-term care facilities. Methods: The participants were 213 care workers who worked in 11 long-term care facilities. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression with using the SPSS 23.0 program. Results: We found that patient-related job stress was the greatest stressor among care workers' job stresses. A significant difference in sleep quality was observed according to the self-perceived health status of the care workers. The care workers' sleep quality was negatively correlated with job stress (r=-.16, p=.018), depression (r=-.31, p<.001) and fatigue (r=-.29, p<.001). The influencing factors of sleep quality were depression (${\beta}=-0.22$, p=.001) and fatigue (${\beta}=-0.15$, p=.047). Conclusion: It is necessary to improve the health status and sleep quality of care workers by developing and applying health promotion programs to reduce the depression and fatigue of the care worker. This will ultimately improve the quality of service care for the patients.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.341-349
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• 2018

In this study, the effect of chronic pain on the lives of elderly people in long-term care service was analyzed based on the mediated effect of depression. The research data was sampled from elderly people in long-term care services, 204 people participated. From mediated regression analysis, depression was the most relevant factor on the quality of life, followed by chronic pain. With chronic pain and depression as independent variables and quality of life as a dependent variable, depression was proved to have had a fully mediated effect on quality of life. The result of this study suggested that convergence of various support systems should be implemented for the elderly in long-term care services.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.514-520
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• 2000

Objective : Stereotactic psychosurgery is known as one of effective means of treating in some medically intractable psychiatric illness. However, it is unfamiliar and it's long-term clinical result has not reported in our country. The authors evaluated its long-term results of pscychosurgery and discussed its neuroanatomical basis. Methods : Since 1993, eight patients underwent stereotactic psychosurgery for medically intractable psychiatric illnesses. All were referred from psychiatrist of these disorders, one was aggressive behavior, five were obsessive-compulsive disorders(OCD), and two were depression with anxiety disorders. Bilateral amygdalotomy and subcaudate tractotomy were done for aggressive behavior, and limbic leukotomy was done for OCD and depression with anxiety. The results of OCD were evaluated with with YBOCS(Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale) and VAS (visual analogue scale), CGI(clinical global impairment) in OCD, and OAS(overt aggression scale), MMS, WAIS were checked for the evaluation of aggressive behavior. Hamilton depression scale(HAMD) was used for evaluation of depression. Ventriculography was used in the first five patients and MR-guided stereotaxy was used in recent three cases for localization of target. The lesions were made with radiofrequency lesion generator. Results : With long-term follow up(mean 45 months) in five OCDs, mean YBOCS declined from 34 to 3(n=5). All returned to previous social life. In OAS scores of aggressive behavior during six-year follow up, scores declined from 8 to 2 with clinical improvement. In two patients with depression with anxiety, HAMD declined from 28.5 to 16.5(n=2). There was no operative mortality and no significant morbidity except one case of mild transient urinary incontinence. Conclusion : With these long-term results, authors assumed that stereotactic psychosurgery could be one of safe and effective mtherapeutic methods in several medically intractable psychiatric illness.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.179-188
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• 2012

This research study was to examine the relationships of social supports and depression among long-term care center residents. Depression of long-term care center residents is the most common mental health problem confronting older adults. It is estimated that 13 percent of people aged 65 years and over have a major depressive disorder in Korean Society of Welfare for the Aged. Social support is a key ingredient in dealing with emotional distress and a critical in helping people to cope with all kinds of extreme circumstance. As the result of this research, Perceived social support was found to be related to depression. However, network size was not a predictor of depression, and high health status is accounted for a lower portion of the variance in depression., the poor health status was one of the most powerful predictors of depression, From results of this research study, for social workers who are employed institutional-based agencies.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.133-142
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine and evaluate the effects of auricular acupressure on musculoskeletal pain, depression and sleep of the elderly who are institutionalized in long-term care facilities. Methods: The research was conducted in a non-equivalent control group and non-synchronized design with data collected from October to December, 2016. The subjects were from long-term care facilities for the elderly in D city and divided into an experimental group (24 subjects) and a control group (25 subjects). Results: After the intervention, the experimental group showed significant improvement in degree of musculoskeletal pain on time ($x^2=23.89$, p<.001) and degree of depression on time and group ($x^2=37.42$, p<.001, U=122.0, p<001) and degree of sleep on time ($x^2=33.62$, p<.001). Thus, the suggested hypothesis is partially supported. Conclusion: Auricular acupressure therapy is expected to be a practical and efficient nursing intervention for the elderly institutionalized in long-term care facilities.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.457-460
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• 2014

At central synapses, activity-dependent synaptic plasticity has a crucial role in information processing, storage, learning, and memory under both physiological and pathological conditions. One widely accepted model of learning mechanism and information processing in the brain is Hebbian Plasticity: long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). LTP and LTD are respectively activity-dependent enhancement and reduction in the efficacy of the synapses, which are rapid and synapse-specific processes. A number of recent studies have a strong focal point on the critical importance of another distinct form of synaptic plasticity, non-Hebbian plasticity. Non-Hebbian plasticity dynamically adjusts synaptic strength to maintain stability. This process may be very slow and occur cell-widely. By putting them all together, this mini review defines an important conceptual difference between Hebbian and non-Hebbian plasticity.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.92-101
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore the functional status and long-term care services for the community-dwelling low-income elderly. Method: A descriptive research design was used in this study. The functional status of the participants was obtained using Minimum Data Set-Home Care Version 2.0 and the long-term care services were identified via Michigan's choice. Total of 154 persons aged 65 years or older completed Korean Minimum Data Set-Home Care Version 2.0 on the community dwelling low-income elderly. Results: The average of Activities of Daily Living was 4.19, and the range was 0-55, while the average of Instrument of Activities of Daily Living was 4.85 and the range was 0-56. Among the subjects, 46.1% belonged to the Information and Referral group and 1.3% to the Nursing Home group. Severe daily pain was reported by 14.9%, and 76.6% of the participants had impaired vision. The Activities of Daily Living was difference according to living with, education, vision, and depression. The long-term care services differed according to gender, pain, vision, hearing, and depression. Conclusion: The support policy for the elderly needed to focus on impaired visual and depression to enhance the activities of daily living. Moreover, there is a need for the Information and Referral group to arrange and develop nursing intervention resources.