• Journal of the Korea society of information convergence
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.67-87
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• 2013

La France est un Etat unitaire $r{\acute{e}}agi$ par la Constitution. La $r{\acute{e}}forme$ de la $d{\acute{e}}centralisation$ a $d{\acute{e}}but{\acute{e}}$ par la $d{\acute{e}}claration$ 'des droits et $liber{\acute{e}}s$ des communes, des $d{\acute{e}}partements$ et des $r{\acute{e}}gions'$ qui influence plusieurs domaines de l' administration locale: la suppression du $contr\hat{o}le$ a priori et l' exercice du $contr\hat{o}le$ a posteriori par le commissaire de la Republique et par le Cour des comptes; le transfert des competences de l' Etat vers les communes, les $d{\acute{e}}partements$ et les $r{\acute{e}}gions$ avec la transmission du pouvoir de $d{\acute{e}}cision$; le transfert de moyens financiers pour financer les $d{\acute{e}}penses$ relatives aux $comp{\acute{e}}tences$ acquises; la $r{\acute{e}}forme$ du $syst{\acute{e}}me$ des fonctionnaires territoraux; le paiement des honoraires aux ${\acute{e}}lus$ locaux; la limitation du cumul des mandats.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.129-139
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• 2018

The composite materials are widely used in aircraft structures. Their relative rigidity/weight gives them an important advantage over the metal structures. The objective of this work is to analyze by the finite element method the mechanical behavior of composite plate type notched with various forms under tensile load. Two basic parameters were taken into consideration. The first, the form of the notch in order to see its effect on the stress and the failure load. The second, we studied the influence of the locale orientation of fiber around the plate's notch. These parameters are studied in order to see their effects on the distribution stress and failure load of the plate. The calculation of the failure load is determined numerically with the numerical code ABAQUS using the XFEM (extended Finite Element Modeling) based on the fracture mechanics. The result shows clearly that it is important to optimize the effect of fiber orientation around the notch.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.213-218
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• 1973

Raynaud attempted to clarify the situation concerning symmetrical and spontaneous gangrene in a thesis published in 1952. The disease was defined as Raynaud`s phenomenon without associated and contributing conditions or disease, and described as two types, such as, `locale syncope and asphyxia` and `gangrene`. Predilection of Raynaud`s disease for female under 40 years of age wi-thout any vascular occlusive disease beginning in the early decades of life and typical color changes in the skin of the extremities incited by coldness are outstanding features in this disease. One typical case of Raynaud`s disease is presented with relating references. Patient was 24 year old female single patient, who noted pain, numbness, and cyanosis of the finger tips of both hands for 6 years previously in the winter season, and recently such symptoms were aggravated including her both feet for two years even in the summer after exposure to cold water. Physical and laboratory examination revealed nothing specific except slightly glistening tight face and hypertrophy of both finger tips with clammy coldness. FamiliaI and past history revealed nothing specific abnormal contributory factors. Biopsy of skin on the dorsum of right foot one year before this admission revealed no evidence of scleroderma. Treatment was aimed to relieve vasospasmodic reaction to coldness and was very successful with bilateral lumbar and thoracic sympathectomy. Patient is free of symptoms relating to the Raynaud’s phenomenon after sympathectomy for 6 months including winter season.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2001

Digital watermarking has been proposed for copyright protection of digital data. According to the property of an embedded watermark, it is classified into two categories, robust watermarking and fragile watermarking. The former is used for copyright protection, and the latter applies to the authentication/integrity to verify the authenticity of data, If an Image has been modified or forged. the embedded watermark cannot be extracted from the Image. As a results, it is possible to defect the modification of the image. As pixels are represented by tilts, the modification of bits corresponds to the alteration of the image. In this paper, a new fragile watermarking is proposed In which two watermarks are embedded in order to detect some modification occurred In high and low bit Planes. From simulation results, the embedded watermark is Invisible in a watermarked image and we can locale some Places where the modification occurring

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.357-362
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• 2007

Nine brand populations of Hanwoo cattle were characterized using 11 microsatellite DNA markers. The studied populations were: Ansung, Yangpyang, DaeGwanryeng, Palkongsangkangwoo, Hoengseong, Jangsu, Sumjinkang, Hadong, Nam-hae. The observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, and polymorphism information content were calculated. Allele frequencies were calculated and used for the characterization of each brand population and to study their genetic relationships. Genetic distances were estimated using Nei's DA genetic distance and the resultant DA matrix was used in the construction of phylogenetic trees. The NJ tree showed that Ansung and Yangpyang, Sumjinkang and Jangsu, Namhae and Ha-Dong are closely related and are considered to have undergone genetic exchange within the same locale. This study will contribute to the local Hanwoo brand industry.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.76-89
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• 2006

By improving body composition, such as fat, lean body mass and total body weight, an exercise program can be an effective treatment of obesity. The effects of exercise on obesity have been confirmed via various approaches such as type, intensity, duration, frequency, and combination with diet. Combined exercise and diet is the most efficient strategy for weight loss, and exercise alone could improve metabolism irrespective of weight loss. In addition, physical activity, including exercise, is emphasized to avoid a 'yo-yo' phenomenon. Exercise increases lipolysis stimulated by such factors as catecholamine, growth hormone (GH), and hormone sensitive lipase (HSL). Moreover, changes in insulin and cortisol through exercise affect adipose tissue, which is known as not only an energy storage locale, but also as an endocrine organ. Adipocytokines secreted by adipose tissue respond to signals that modulate metabolism and inflammation. Exercise has generally shown positive effects on adipocytokines, and these effects increase in conjunction with a hypocaloric diet. However, a long duration and a high intensity of exercise could induce an inflammatory response. This review summarizes the effects of exercise on obesity treatment, which contributes to the exercise and nutritional fields, particularly of community nutritionists. (J Community Nutrition 8(2): 76-89, 2006)

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2007

'Local food' is defined as food that has been cooked using local specialities or food prepared with the application of special cooking method associated with a particular locale. In Korea, much of what is considered 'traditional food' is derived from local foods. Therefore, much attention has recently been focused on the role of local foods in terms of the development of Korean traditional foods. The primary objective of this study was to characterize the perception concerns regrading Jeollabuk-do local foods held by university students in Jeollabuk-do, a province which is famous for its delicious local foods. The majority of students felt sympathy toward the succession and development of Jeollabuk-do local foods and generally appeared to feel that Jeollabuk-do local food was representative of a vital cultural heritage. Summing up answers to questions regarding the reasons for the succession and development of local food in Jeollabuk-do, it seems clear that in order to augment the popularity of Jeollabuk-do local foods, a variety of schemes should be implemented rather than any specific strategy.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.92
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• pp.19-30
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper work is to establish the plans of Gyeongju' identity through the activation of various culture tourism which for literature, narrative, experience and others in company with history tourism. And so first of all we are examined thoroughly the literature related to the characteristics of urban identity and the spot marketing in our country for establishing of this work. And then also we are carried out survey about the cases of Pyeongchang-gun where built around Hyo-seok Lee and Namwon where is too well known the tale of Chunhyang and then make surveyed the actual locale on Gongju and Buyeo in which the old capital of Baekjae. On the other hand the paper work are suggested the plans that Gyeongju' identity has been settled such as the historic culture tourism city of the various culture tourism programs by using of SWOT analysis.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.337-340
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• 2005

The aim of this study is to provide primary data to propel business intended for the entire nation through the analytic assessment of the propulsion process of the newly attempted 'Dagagu' Housing Purchase and Public Rental Program (DPPRP) for the cities low income bracket. The study method was to conduct analysis of data, interview survey, onsite tenant interviews and examination of the locale in order to analyze the execution of the program and experiences of the administrator in charge of executing the model program. In the case of the enforcement of the 'Dagagu' Housing Purchase and Public Rental Program(DPPRP), combined teams of the specialty fields of purchase, rental, and management are needed; operation propulsion system of the purchase process of the housing, rental process for selecting the tenant, and the entire process of management afterwards needs to be maintained; and a collaboration system with related organizations need to be constructed.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2009

Purpose & Method: Based on a large amount of research concerning the recognition of local residents in an era of an increasing number of multi-cultural families, this study aimed to provide fundamental data for program development and policies. As well, the data was stratified based on understanding of multi-cultural society, recognition of multi-cultural families, and social and economic adaptability of multi-cultural families. Result: The available literature supports the view that an understanding of a multi-cultural society and recognition of multi-cultural families encourages an emphasis on maintaining ethnicity and respect for diverse cultures. Parental approval for friendships with members of multi-cultural families tends to be encouraged, although there is still resistance to marital ties with such families. The literature indicates that immigrant women participate in economic activities of their adopted locale and adapt to the new societal structure. A positive correlation between recognition and interests in social and economic adaptiveness was apparent. Conclusion: Findings of the study suggest that complement, development, and application of realistic programs and institutional policies are required to understand multi-cultural families and establish a multi-cultural society. Ongoing research will be valuable in resolving outstanding questions and clarifying political alternatives.