• BMB Reports
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.219-224
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• 2010

Lipid peroxidation is known to be an important factor in the pathologies of many diseases associated with oxidative stress. We assessed the lipid peroxidation induced by the reaction of ferritin with $H_2O_2$. When linoleic acid micelles or phosphatidyl choline liposomes were incubated with ferritin and $H_2O_2$, lipid peroxidation increased in the presence of ferritin and $H_2O_2$ in a concentration-dependent manner. The hydroxyl radical scavengers, azide and thiourea, prevented lipid peroxidation induced by the ferritin/$H_2O_2$ system. The iron specific chelator desferoxamine also prevented ferritin/$H_2O_2$ systemmediated lipid peroxidation. These results demonstrate the possible role of iron in ferritin/$H_2O_2$ system-mediated lipid peroxidation. Carnosine is involved in many cellular defense processes, including free radical detoxification. In this study, carnosine, homocarnosine, and anserine were shown to significantly prevent ferritin/$H_2O_2$ system-mediated lipid peroxidation and also inhibited the free radical-generation activity of ferritin. These results indicated that carnosine and related compounds may prevent ferritin/$H_2O_2$ system-mediated lipid peroxidation via free radical scavenging.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 1992

This study determined hepatic microsomal lipid peroxide values glucose 6-phosphatase NA-DPH-cytochrome P450 reductase and cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activites to examine the effects of methyl group deficiency on hepatic lipid peroxidation in rats treated with diethylni-trosamine(DEN) and 2-acetylamionfluorene(AAF) Weanling sprague Dawley male rats were fed the diet with methyl group supplemented or deficient. Two weeks after feeding rate were injected with a single of 200mg/kg body weight DEN intraperitoneally and after four weeks 0.02% AAF containing diets were fed for two weeks. Animals were sacrificed at 6th week. Microsomal lipid peroxide values were tended to increase in methyl group deficiency(MD). Especially in case of carcinogen tratments lipid peroxide values were increased significantly in MD. Microsomal glucose 6-phophatase activities were decreased by MD and carcinogens and in MD with carcinogen group (MD+C) the enzyme activites were the lowest Glucose 6-phosphatase activities were negatively correlated with lipid peroxidation. Microsomal NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase activities were the highest in MD+C and correlated positively with lipid peroxidation. Cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activities were the highest in MD+C Methyl group deficiency induces lipid peroxidation especially in case of being exposed to carcinogens. Therefore the results suggest that lipid peroxidation may be one of the meachanisms of carcinogensis by methyl group deficiency.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.1254-1262
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• 1998

This study has done to investigate the relationship between the icreased lipid oncentration caused by smoking and plama levels of vitamin A and vitamin E, antiodative enzyme activity, and lipid peroxidation , in 52 male smokers and 32 non-smokers, Dietary vitamin A and vitamin E intake was imilar in both smokers and non-smokers. Absolute plasma concentrations of vitamin A and vitamin E were not significantly different between two groups, whereas vitamin E/cholesterol ration in plasma was low or in smokers than in that of non-smokers(p<0.05). It was considered that this lowered effect was due to the elevated plasma lipid concentration rather than oxidant stress derived from smoking, in view of the fact that smokers had higher cholesterol (15.2%) adn LDL-C(26.6%) levels than non-smokers. In non-smokers, plasma thiobarbiturin acid reactive substances(TBARS) conrrelated positively with total cholesterol(r=0.63466, p<0.001), LDL-C level(r=0.57166, p<0.01) , and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio(r=0.45926, p<0.05) . Activities of glutathione perosidase(GSH-Px) , superoside dismutase(SOD), and catalse made no difference in both groups. However, it was observed in non-smokers that GSH-Px activity had negative correlations with total cholesterol(r=-0.67293, p<0.001), LDL-C level(r=-0.62878, p<0.001), and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (r=-0.58824, p<0.01), indicating that there was a dependent relationship between lipid perosidation and plasma lipid level. The smokers also showed negative correlations for GSH-Px activity with total cholesterol (r=-0.29946, p<0.05) and LDL-c level (r=0.45914, p<0.001), and LDL-C/HDL-c ratio(r=-0.35438, p<0.05). It seemed that the lipid that the lipid level elevated by sustaines smoking resulted in reducing vitamin E/cholesterol ratio and proportion of antioxidant to oxidant load, and then GSH-Px activity, with insufficient removal of free radicals(TBARS 2.43$\pm$0.51 and 1.81$\pm$0.15nmol/ml in smokers and non-smokers, respectively). These findings suggest that higher plasma lipid levels may play a more important role in perturbing the antioxidant defense system including vitamin E status and GSH-Px activity, at least in circumstances that increase lipid concentration . In addition, in exposure to free radicals like those in cigarette smoke. In those cases the ratio of vitamin E/lipid in plasma can be a more indicator of vitamin E status than plasma levels of vitamin E alone.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.135-144
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• 1995

Lipid oxidation in foods produce the peroxidation products, toxic substance and rancidity odor. In vivo, lipid peroxidation by free radicals or molecular singlet oxygen cause such as a damage of DNA, cancer and aging. Accordingly, the development of new compound Inhibit lipid oxidation in foods and in vivo is very important. Antioxidants are generally used as a protection material of oxidation for a storage and preservation of foods. In terms of stability of foods and health for human, development of high effective antioxidants In a nature is required. In this point of view, this paper presents the research trends of a kind of natural antioxidative substances and its antioxidative activity.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.128-132
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• 2017

Streptozotocin (STZ), bisphenol A (BPA), and diethylstilbestrol (DES) are known as endocrine disruptors, occurs oxidative stress in animal cells. Generally, oxidative stress induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation of sperm and lead to decreased viability and fertility in pigs. Therefore, we investigated the influence of STZ, BPA and DES on ROS production and lipid peroxidation on boar sperm. Collected sperm were incubated with semen extender containing $10{\mu}M\;STZ$, $10{\mu}M\;BPA$ and $20{\mu}M\;DES$ for 3, 6 and 9 hours. Intracellular ROS and lipid peroxidation of sperm were analyzed by 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate and malondialdehyde methods. The results show that, intracellular ROS was not significantly different among the all treatments, but lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in STZ group at 3 hour after incubation with boar sperm (P<0.05). These results suggest that STZ stimulates lipid peroxidation more than ROS production and may exert a negative effect on sperm fertility.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the production of lipid, and removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from swine wastewater by Botryococcus braunii UTEX 572 in a tubular bioreactor. The rate of dry cell weight increase of B. braunii was highest at 20.1mg/l/din a modified Chu 13 medium at $25^{\circ}C$. Under the above conditions, the rate of lipid content increase was also highest at 6.1mg/l/d. The lipid content of B. braunii on a dry weight basis ranged from 30.5 to 34.1% with an average value of 32.3%. When B. braunii was cultured in a secondary-treated swine wastewater diluted to 50% with tap water, the rate of dry cell weight increase was 18.6mg/l/d and the rate of lipid content increase was 6.0mg/l/d. The lipid content ranged from 30.3 to 34.2%. No significant difference was observed between lipid content and growth conditions. The removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus in swine wastewater were 43.9% and 41.7%, respectively, after 14 days of incubation.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.373-378
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• 2010

In order to develop a topical preparation which has a high occlusive property with skin moisturization, nano-structured lipid carrier (NLC) systems along with solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) were designed. Various NLC dispersions were successfully formulated with Compritol 888 ATO as a solid lipid, Labrafil M 1944 CS as an oil, and Tween 80 as a surfactant. The increase of oil content (5 to 50%) led to the decrease in the occlusion factor in the order of SLN > NLC-5 > NLC-15 = NLC-30 > NLC-50. Particle size of lipid particulates was in the range of 100 to 160 nm. NLC-based carbogels were prepared by the employment of humectants such as urea, glycerin, and Tinocare GL to carbomer gel. NLC-30 gel formulations containing 4 or 8 % of lipid particles showed improved occlusive effect in vitro, compared to NLC-free gel base. Even though NLC-free gel base revealed comparable occlusion effect by itself, the occlusion factor of 4 % NLC-30 gel was about 2-fold higher than that of NLC-free gel base.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.314-329
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Oocyte lipid droplets play a crucial role in meiosis and embryo development. Biotin is associated with fatty acid synthesis and is the coenzyme for acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). The effects of a biotin deficiency on the oocyte lipid metabolism remain unknown. This study examined the effects of a biotin deficiency and its replenishment on murine 1) oocyte lipid droplet levels, 2) ovary lipid metabolism, and 3) oocyte meiosis. MATERIALS/METHODS: Mice were divided into 3 groups: control, biotin deficient (BD), and recovery groups. The control and BD groups were fed a control diet or BD diet (0.004 or 0 g biotin/kg), respectively. The recovery group mice were fed a BD diet until day 21, and were then fed the control diet from days 22 to 64. This study then quantified the oocyte lipid droplet levels, assessed the oocyte mitochondrial function, and examined the ability of oocytes to undergo meiosis. Ovarian phosphorylated ACC (p-ACC), lipogenesis, β-oxidation, and ATP production-related genes were evaluated. RESULTS: The BD group showed a decrease in lipid droplets and mitochondrial membrane potential and increased p-ACC levels. In the recovery group, the hepatic biotin concentration, ovarian p-ACC levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential were restored to the control group levels. On the other hand, the quantity of lipid droplets in the recovery group was not restored to the control levels. Furthermore, the percentage of oocytes with meiotic abnormalities was higher in the recovery group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: A biotin deficiency reduced the oocyte lipid droplet levels by downregulating lipogenesis. The decreased lipid droplets and increased oocyte meiosis failure were not fully restored, even though the biotin nutrition status and gene expression of lipid metabolism was resumed. These results suggest that a biotin deficiency remains robust and can be long-lasting. Biotin might play a crucial role in maintaining the oocyte quality.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.34-40
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• 2014

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to investigate the lipid and the antioxidant regulatory potential of a multigrain diet in laboratory animals with reference to lipid profiles, tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status. Methods: Two types of diets, with or without addition of cholesterol, were used in the study - a commercial diet and a formulated multigrain diet (with Sorghum vulgare, Avena sativa, Pennisetum typhoideum, Oryza sativa, Eleusine coracana and Zea mays grains). After a 10-week period of feeding the diets to albino rats the plasma, liver and fecal lipid profiles and the hepatic and renal antioxidant status of the animals that were fed the commercial and the formulated diets (with and without cholesterol addition) were assessed. Results: The commercial diet supplemented with cholesterol elevated the levels of plasma total lipids, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), as well as the atherogenic index (AI). The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) content and the antioxidant profiles (total ascorbic acid, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase reduced glutathione) declined along with increases in lipid peroxidation. The formulated diet (with and without addition of cholesterol) was found to be more efficient than the commercial diet in controlling plasma, hepatic and fecal lipid profiles, as well as hepatic and renal lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status, than of the hypercholesteremic animals. Conclusion: The multigrain diet used in the present study is effective in countering the hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress caused by high cholesterol intake.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 1994

The synergic effect of iron plus blue light on the peroxidation of membrane lipid was investigated, using liposomes made of phospholipid. While strong irradiation did not affect Fe$^{+2}$-promoted lipid peroxidation that turned out to be O$_2$-dependent, ferric iron in bright light exerted a pronounced effect on the initiation of lipid peroxidation: this combined action of light and Fe$^{+3}$ on liposomal membranes was apparently independent of O$_2$. When liposomal samples containing Fe$^{+3}$ were subjected to irradiation, some portions of Fe$^{+3}$ were converted into Fe$^{+2}$. The extent of the Fe$^{+3}$-Fe$^{+2}$ conversion increased with increasing time of irradiation, which resembled the dependence of Fe$^{+3}$-promoted lipid peroxidation on irradiation. Further, it was observed that the effect of irradiation in liposomal samples containing Fe$^{+2}$ was strikingly mimicked by that of Fe$^{+2}$ addition to the same samples. The obligatory requirement of a suitable Fe$^{+3}$/Fe$^{+2}$ ratio for the genesis of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, a controversial proposition, was also confirmed by the observation that lipid peroxidation was substantially enhanced by the addition of a mixture of Fe$^{+3}$ and Fe$^{+2}$, as compared to the addition of Fe$^{+3}$ or Fe$^{+2}$ alone. The results obtained in this study not only suggest that light acts as an effector for initiating lipid peroxidation, when Fe$^{+3}$ is present in membrane systems, but also imply that any chemical or physical factor that influences the redox states of iron in membranes can play a role in lipid peroxidation reactions.