• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.462-466
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of a wire connector fabricated for the effective installation of a lighting fixture including its contact resistance, insulation resistance, withstanding voltage characteristics, etc., and to provide the basis for the analysis and judgment of PL(Product Liability) dispute by presenting a damage pattern due to a general flame and overcurrent. This study applied the Korean Standard (KS) for the incombustibility test of the connector using a general flame and performed an overcurrent characteristics test of the connector using PCITS (Primary Current Injection Test System). The contact resistance of the housing connector was measured using a high resistance meter and the insulation resistance was measured using a multimeter. In addition, a supply voltage of AC 1,500V for testing the withstanding voltage characteristics was applied to both ends of the connector. Measurement was performed on 5 specimens and the measured values were used as a basis for judgment. Since the connector is fabricated in the form of a housing, it can be connected and separated easily and has a structure that allows no foreign material to enter. In addition, since it has a structure that allows wires to be connected only when their polarity is identical, any misconnection that may occur during installation can be prevented. When the incombustibility test was performed by applying a general flame to the connector, it showed outstanding incombustibility characteristics and the blade and blade holder connected to the housing remained firmly secured even after the insulation sheath (PVC) was completely destroyed by fire. In addition, the mechanism of the damaged connecting wire showed a comparatively uniform carbonization pattern and it was found that some residual melted insulation material was attached to both ends. In the accelerated life test (ALT) to which approximately 500% of the rated current was applied, the connector damage proceeded in the order of white smoke generation, wire separation, spark occurrence and carbonization. That is, it could be seen that the connector damaged by overcurrent lost its own metallic color with traces of discoloration and carbonization. The contact resistance of the connector at a normal state was 2.164mV/A on average. The contact resistance measured after the high temperature test was 3.258mV/A. In addition, the insulation resistance after the temperature test was completed was greater than $10G\Omega$ and the withstanding voltage test result showed that no insulation breakdown occurred to all specimens showing stable withstanding voltage and insulation resistance characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.205-214
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• 2015

This study aimed to investigate the effects of reducing feed intake on performance and meat quality in old laying hens. A total of 200 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (100 weeks old) were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments: control (100% daily feed intake), 90%, 60%, 50%, and 20% daily feed intake. Each treatment was replicated four times with 10 birds per replication and two birds per cage. Ten-bird units were arranged according to a randomized block design. The feeding trial lasted for 4 weeks under a 16L:8D lighting regimen. The results indicated that the daily feed intake correlated with hen-day egg production and feed conversion ratios (P<0.05). The carcass yields and partial ratios were also correlated with daily feed intake (P<0.05). The levels of leukocytes (without basophils) were higher in the 50% and 20% daily feed intake groups than in the other groups. The concentrations of dry matter, crude ash, crude fat, and crude protein, water holding capacity, cooking loss, and fatty acids in the breast meat did not decrease as the daily feed intake decreased. In conclusion, reducing daily feed intake decreased laying performance and carcass yield but had no effect on breast meat quality.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.123-127
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• 2013

A new spray chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum) 'Blue Hope' was bred by the Flower Research Institute, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services in 2009. The cultivar 'Blue Hope' was initially derived from the cross in 2005 between 'Ford', a spray chrysanthemum cultivar, with white anemone type, and 'Chopin', a spray chrysanthemum cultivar with white anemone type. The cultivar has anemone type with white petals. After the evaluation of the characteristics under shade culture in summer and retarding culture in spring and consecutive selection from 2007 to 2009, 'Blue Hope' was selected finality. The natural flowering time of 'Blue Hope' was October 24th, and year-round flowering is possible by shading or lighting treatment. The growth of plant was very vigorous and response time 6.5 weeks. The diameter of flower was 4.9 cm. Number of flowers per stem was 19.1 in autumn. Days to flowering under the short day treatment was about 45 in spring and its vase life was 23.8 days in the autumn season. This cultivar was resistance white rust and consumer's preference of new spray is high level than the control.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.23-35
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• 2006

This work presents o novel method which extract facial region und features from motion picture automatically and controls the 3D facial expression in real time. To txtract facial region and facial feature points from each color frame of motion pictures a new nonparametric skin color model is proposed rather than using parametric skin color model. Conventionally used parametric skin color models, which presents facial distribution as gaussian-type, have lack of robustness for varying lighting conditions. Thus it needs additional work to extract exact facial region from face images. To resolve the limitation of current skin color model, we exploit the Hue-Tint chrominance components and represent the skin chrominance distribution as a linear function, which can reduce error for detecting facial region. Moreover, the minimal facial feature positions detected by the proposed skin model are adjusted by using edge information of the detected facial region along with the proportions of the face. To produce the realistic facial expression, we adopt Water's linear muscle model and apply the extended version of Water's muscles to variation of the facial features of the 3D face. The experiments show that the proposed approach efficiently detects facial feature points and naturally controls the facial expression of the 3D face model.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.339-353
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• 2003

The rapid increase in food borne illness outbreaks in Korea has been one of the major threats to the Nation's Health. Foodservice establishments have been identified as the major place for these outbreaks, mainly due to the lack of sanitary management and sanitary facility management practices. The purposes of the study were to develop hospital foodservice facility evaluation tools, based on the general HACCP-based standards and guidelines, for hospital food service establishments, to ensure the safety of these foodservices and to reduce the risk of food home illness. The scope of this study included: 1) an assessment of the current foodservice sanitation practices and managements for 6 general hospitals, with more than 400 beds, and 3 general hospitals, with less than 400 beds; 2) the development of foodservice establishments sanitation evaluation tools and sanitation standards, based on the HACCP system. The survey data showed varied results between the hospitals surveyed. Most of the hospital foodservice operations had many problems with ventilation and the plumbing. The total dimensional mean scores for the hospitals with more than 400 beds and less than 400 beds were 31.5 and 27.0, respectively. The highest dimension scores were for the water supply facility and lighting, with the lowest for insect and rodent control and toxic materials management. The levels of the mean scores were very low, especially for the general hospitals with less than 400 beds. These low mean scores may have arisen from critical problems within the hospital foodservice operations. The most needed facility management items for improvement were: storage shelf should be spaced 6 inches from the floor and walls, the use of three compartment sinks, utility sinks and cleaning facilities, with a floor drain for cleaning mops or liquid wastes, a ventilation hood designed to prevent dripping onto food, cooking facilities should be disassembled for washing and sanitizing, a separated hand washing sink and a sanitized food board for each area should be provided, all toxic material must have warning labels attached, and be stored in an area away from food preparation under padlock. The evaluation tool consisted of 14 dimensions, with 65 check-off items. The results of this study will provide basic facilities' guidelines to regulators, or foodservice industry personnel, wishing to build, or expend, and establish an efficient flow of food. As a result, food borne illnesses will be effectively prevented, and the Nation's health will be promoted for the development of their own sanitation standards, with a checklist for the safe production of foods.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.86-92
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• 2016

A high-capacity battery installed in a hybrid vehicle or electric vehicle is used to power, or as a power supply for, electric sub-assemblies. In order to use a high-capacity battery as a power supply for electric sub-assemblies, such as an electronic control unit or for lighting, radio, and navigation, there is a need for a DC converter that changes a high voltage of 240-400V to a low voltage of 12-14V, which is done with a low-voltage DC-DC converter (LDC). An LDC undergoes long-term aging so as to reduce latent defects in the production process. With regard to the usual aging method, an LDC is a DC-DC converter. So, a DC power supply is connected and used as input, and a programmable DC electronic load is the output. For stable operation, a product having a larger capacity by 10% (compared to an LDC) is used, and has a structure where electric power is dissipated into 100% heat. So, there is a problem with volume, based on the use of two pieces of equipment to test the LDC, and another problem based on the generation of heat in the programmable DC electronic load. Hence, this paper suggests a load test method as a way of recycling, where a significant portion of the electricity dissipated as heat in a load tester is returned as input. The method realizes savings of 80% or more in the electricity dissipated as heat through improvement in the efficiency of the recycling load tester.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.10
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• pp.713-722
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• 2013

This paper proposes a method of using depth information to detect the hand region in real-time based on the cascade method. In order to ensure stable and speedy detection of the hand region even under conditions of lighting changes in the test environment, this study uses only features based on depth information, and proposes a method of detecting the hand region by means of a classifier that uses boosting and cascading methods. First, in order to extract features using only depth information, we calculate the difference between the depth value at the center of the input image and the average of depth value within the segmented block, and to ensure that hand regions of all sizes will be detected, we use the central depth value and the second order linear model to predict the size of the hand region. The cascade method is applied to implement training and recognition by extracting features from the hand region. The classifier proposed in this paper maintains accuracy and enhances speed by composing each stage into a single weak classifier and obtaining the threshold value that satisfies the detection rate while exhibiting the lowest error rate to perform over-fitting training. The trained classifier is used to classify the hand region, and detects the final hand region in the final merger stage. Lastly, to verify performance, we perform quantitative and qualitative comparative analyses with various conventional AdaBoost algorithms to confirm the efficiency of the hand region detection algorithm proposed in this paper.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.11B no.3
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• pp.327-336
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• 2004

For visual inspection system in real industrial environment, it is one of most important tasks to design fast and stable pattern matching algorithm. This paper presents an edge-based point correlation algorithm avoiding full search in visual inspection system. Conventional algorithms based on NGC(normalized gray-level correlation) have to overcome some difficulties for applying to automated inspection system in factory environment. First of all, NGC algorithms need high time complexity and thus high performance hardware to satisfy real-time process. In addition, lighting condition in realistic factory environments if not stable and therefore intensity variation from uncontrolled lights gives many roubles for applying directly NGC as pattern matching algorithm in this paper, we propose an algorithm to solve these problems from using thinned and binarized edge data and skipping full point search with edge-map analysis. A point correlation algorithm with the thinned edges is introduced with image pyramid technique to reduce the time complexity. Matching edges instead of using original gray-level pixel data overcomes NGC problems and pyramid of edges also provides fast and stable processing. All proposed methods are preyed from experiments using real images.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.23-27
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• 2010

The control of stem length is most important external quality aspect in cut chrysanthemum. The present work in conducted in growth chamber and aims at investigating the effect of light intensity on the photosynthesis capacity and stem elongation in cut chrysanthemum. To evaluate the effect, different level of assimilation lighting (LEDs) was given to canopy level 60, 100, 140, and $180mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, individually, under short-day conditions, and the light treatments were initiated from 7days after planting. There was a positive linear-regression relationship between the light intensity and the net assimilation rate. On the other hand, there was not significant difference in flower buds induction. The growth of stem length, leaf area, and dry weight was increased by increasing the light intensity, whereas the plants grown under 140 and $180mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ was not differences in those of growth. It indicates that the increased net assimilation rate is not continually coincided with the maximized growth in cut chrysanthemum. It might be considered that the optimal light intensity for stem elongation of cut chrysanthemum is $140mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ under short-day condition.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.65-75
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• 2013

This paper proposes a method of tracking the hand region and detecting the fingertip using only depth images. In order to eliminate the influence of lighting conditions and obtain information quickly and stably, this paper proposes a tracking method that relies only on depth information, as well as a method of using region growing to identify errors that can occur during the tracking process and a method of detecting the fingertip that can be applied for the recognition of various gestures. First, the closest point of approach is identified through the process of transferring the center point in order to locate the tracking point, and the region is grown from that point to detect the hand region and boundary line. Next, the ratio of the invalid boundary, obtained by means of region growing, is used to calculate the validity of the tracking region and thereby judge whether the tracking is normal. If tracking is normal, the contour line is extracted from the detected hand region and the curvature and RANSAC and Convex-Hull are used to detect the fingertip. Lastly, quantitative and qualitative analyses are performed to verify the performance in various situations and prove the efficiency of the proposed algorithm for tracking and detecting the fingertip.