• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.95-99
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• 2000

The microbial contamination rate of contact lens cases in multi-purpose solution(MPS) care systems of 80 asymptomatic soft contact lens wearers was investigated. In caring for their lenses 72 patients (90%) used chemical disinfection(include MPS), six patients(7%) used hydrogen peroxide, and two patients(3%) used heat. Fifty-nine percent of patients used MPS in their care systems. Of 80 contact lens cases, contamination was found in 68%(54) of cases. There is a significant relationship between the ages of lens cases and contamination: older cases being more frequently contaminated. Of the contaminated 31 lens cases(57%) in MPS care systems, four contact lens cases(13%) were contaminated by single organism, 15 cases(48%) by two kinds of organisms, and 12 cases(39%) by more than three kinds of organisms. Of the organisms that were contaminated lens cases, Pseudomonas. Serratia, Bacillus, E. coli and Aspergillus were frequently isolated. When considering the high contamination rate of soft contact lens cases in MPS care systems more effective and hygienical lens care system is important, especially frequent and regular disposal of lens cases may prove to prevent the build-up of microbial colonisation in containers.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.391-401
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• 2011

Purpose: In the present study, the actual management state of trial contact lenses and lens care products in local optical shops was surveyed and analyzed to reduce the risk of lens complication possibly induced by neglecting lens care. Methods: The feeling of contact lens wearers during the wear of trial contact lenses was surveyed. Futhermore, the actual management state of trial contact lenses such as cosmetic lens and RGP lens and lens care products was also investigated by surveying opticians who trade contact lenses in local optical shops. Results: It was found that consumers trusted the sanitary conditions of the lens since trial cosmetic contact lens and RGP lens were cleaned before and after trails by over 98% of opticians in local optical shops. For trial cosmetic lens, cleaning with normal saline, multipurpose solution for soft lens and combination of saline and multipurpose solution were 38.5%, 40.5% and 21%, respectively, before trials. After trials, cosmetic lenses were cleaned with normal saline, multipurpose solution for soft lens and a combination of saline and multipurpose solution were 13%, 75%, and 12%, respectively. On the other hand, cleaning with normal saline, multipurpose solution for RGP lens and combination of saline and multipurpose solution were 28.5%, 38.5% and 33%, respectively, before trying trial RGP lens. After trials, RGP lenses were cleaned with normal saline, multipurpose solution for RGP lens and a combination of saline and multipurpose solution were 2.5%, 70%, and 27.5%, respectively, indicating that relatively many opticians followed the lens cleaning regimen. In local optical shops, the cleaning trial cosmetic lens was mainly conducted at every 10 days or a month and the washing cycle of cosmetic lens case was in a month or 2~3 months. The cleaning interval of trial RGP lens was primarily in a month or 2~3 months. For those lens cases, more than 75% of opticians washed them with a surfactant and then rinsed with cold water. The storing periods of lens care products were primarily in a week for saline and in a month and 2~3 months indicating that storing period of lens care products was relatively well-kept in local optical shops. Conclusions: It is thought that the concern about any microbial infection is not that high since trial contact lenses and lens care products were generally well-managed by opticians in local optical shops from the results above. However, better public eye health and better public confidence in opticians may be possible if further strengthen in avoidance of lens cleaning with saline, keep of cleaning cycles within 2 weeks and rinsing of lens cases with hot water happens.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2006

We investigated the question whether the efficacy of cleaning tear components on RGP lens and preserving the superior wettability of RGP lens depended on the different type of contact lens care system - RGP lens care solution, SCL care solution, combined solution both for SCL and RGP lens or saline solution. The removal efficacy of the deposited protein was examined by Lowry protein assay and Scanning Electro Microscope(SEM) and residual lipid concentration on RGP lens was determined by High Pressure Liquid Chromatology(HPLC). Wettability was assessed with an equilibrium water-in-air contact angle method. When cared by RGP lens solution, it was demonstrated that 62 percent out of the adhered protein on RGP lens were removed and the removal efficacy of RGP lens solution was not only 4 times than saline solution and the alternative but also higher twice than SCL solution. Contrarily, the SCL solution had the most excellent removal efficacy of the adhered protein on SCL. These results suggest that the cleaning efficacy is thought to be affected by the other factors like the viscosity of care solutions, which mutual contact between RGP lens and care solutions is on the increase due to the viscosity enhancer in RGP lens care solution. RGP lens solution had the greatest removing efficacy to cholesterol and the residual cholesterol concentration was decreased to 50%. It is significant for RGP lens to preserve the superior wettability which means the predictive value for comfortable wearing and it showed that the RGP lens solution offered the most excellent efficacy to maintain the surface wettability. Combined solution both for SCL and RGP lens had weak efficacy of cleaning and maintaining wettability for RGP lens compared to RGP lens care solution.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 1996

The microbial contamination in contact lens care systems and conjunctivas of 40 asymptomatic cosmetic soft contact lens wearers was investigated. Patient ages ranged from 19 to 27(mean:22), most of them have used hydrogel contact lenses for less than 1 year, and the ages of lens cases were 1 weeks ~ 3 months (43 %) or 4~6 months (52%). Twenty-seven patients (67%) chemically disinfected their lenses and 8(20 %) used hydrogen peroxide, and 5 used heat to disinfect. Fourteen patients used commercial non-preserved saline, and 26(65%) were using commercial preserved saline. Sixty-two percent of the patients had bacterial contamination of lens case, and 17% had conjunctival contamination. The bacterial contamination rate was highest in lens cases, followed by unpreserved salines, disinfecting chemicals(non-hydrogen peroxide), and conjunctivas. The fungal contamination rate of cases and conjunctivas was 67% and 15%, respectively, and lens case, unpreserved saline, and conjunctiva seemed more susceptible to contamination. The use of hydrogen peroxide for disinfection rather than chemical disinfection was associated remarkabley with decreased contamination of solution itself, and there was no significant difference in contamination rates between hydrogen peroxide care system and other disinfecting systems. Five of lens cases(13%) and 2 conjunctivas(5%) were contaminated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans were isolated from 11cases (27%) and 5 conjunctivas (12%). Of the organisms that were contaminated lens cases and conjunctivas, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus fumigatus were isolated from lens cases, whereas Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus fumigatus were recorvered from conjunctivas. Fortunately all of the these tested samples showed 0% of Acanthamoeba in this investigation.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2000

This study has analyzed soft contact lens care-after-sale and periodic examinations at optical shops and eye clinics. And I wish to make that use of educational data for the soft contact lens lesson of the department of ocular optics. This questionnaire studied the status of care for soft contact lens and periodic examination, of students who wears soft contact lens. The results are as follows: First, 7.5% of students questioned wore soft contact lens. More women than men wore soft contact lens. The soft contact lens wearers purchased lens mainly at optical shops. 78.5% of them wore daily wear lens. Because of cosmetic advantages of soft contact lens. 47.9% of them wore soft contact lens. 72.5% of them wore soft contact lens less than 12 hours per a day. 32.0% of them has worn soft contact lens more than 6 months less than 1 year. 51.1% of them experienced irritation. 39.7% of them have exchanged soft contact lens between 6 and 9 months. Secondly, when purchasing lenses. 60% of soft contact lens wearers were given instructions of general care, such as duration of wearing lens, how to remove protein, how to store, and how to sterilize at both of eye clinics and optical shops. But the proportion of instructions, such as side effects and periodic examination which were given to soft contact lens wearers, is lower both at eye clinics and optical shops. Especially at optical shops, the proportion of instruction for periodic examination, is lower than at eye clinics(p<0.05). Thirdly, The proportion of operations of periodic examinations after use of soft contact lens both at eye clinics and optical shops, is low. The soft contact lens wearers have had more periodic examinations at eye clinics than at optical shops. But the rate of non-periodic examination at optical shop is 87.9%. And for periodic examinations, general care was done at optical shops. On the other hand, eye examinations, general care, and treatments were done more at eye clinics. Fourthly, 60.3% of the soft contact lens wearers understood the necessity of the periodic examinations, but actually, only 6.4% of them were given the schedule for the periodic examinations, and 2.5% of them were given at an optical shop(p<0.01).

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2014

Purpose: The present study was aimed to figure out the correlation amongst the evaluation methods for critical micelle concentration, surface tension and protein cleaning efficacy to evaluate cleaning efficacy of contact lens care products. Methods: The critical micelle concentration of surfactants and the actual concentration of surfactants in contact lens care solutions were investigated by employing references published and related information. Surface tension of contact lens care solutions was measured by surface tension device at $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, and contact lenses made of lotrafilcon A, comfilcon A and balafilcon A were washed with contact lens care solutions after the incubation in artificial tears for 14 days and their cleaning efficacy was compared. Results: Among the 22 contact lens care products, 9 products provided the label of the concentration of surfactant, and 7 products showed higher concentration of surfactant than the critical micelle concentration reported in references. As a result of measuring surface tension, the surface tension of lens care products for soft contact lens was generally lower than other care products. When examined the removal effect of protein deposited on lens surface, it was known that the care products having lower surface tension showed higher protein removal efficiency. Conclusions: The surface tension is low when surfactant concentration in contact lens care solutions is high, and the removal effect of protein deposited is accordingly increased with the decrease of surface tension. Thus, these indicate the correlation amongst the evaluation methods for cleaning efficacy.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2002

The Hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA) was developped in 1960's and later the use of contact lenses increased. At present more and more people use RGP contact lenses. Due to the wide range of optical corrections available and due to their high oxygen transmission Japanese and Korean people like them. Nevertheless one of nine CL users(beginners) stopped wearing the CL within the first year. We conducted a survey to evaluate the level of patient compliance in lens care and maintenance and to assess practitioner knowledge of contact lens information. Generally 6% of contact lens wearers drop out per year. The aim of this research was to find out what opticians can do to reduce the drop-out rate by getting information on handling, on general data of the patient and on optical prescription. Lens wearer were asked to complete a 10 question survey that focused on lens care-wear modality, lens replacement, storage, symptoms and case disinfection. There were total 180 participants in the study. Most of contact lens wearers have an inadequate understanding of contact lens care system. Therefore, it is important that contact lens specialists place more emphasis on practitioner education about general contact lens fields and reinforce patient education during the dispensing visit.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.347-353
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• 2010

Purpose: An in vitro study was conducted to compare the lipid cleaning efficacy of care solutions on balafilcon A silicone hydrogel (SiHy) lens. Methods: Lipid spoilation was performed by incubating balafilcon A SiHy lenses in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing oleic acid, oleic acid methyl ester and cholesterol. Spoiled contact lenses rinsed with PBS were cleaned with surfactant cleaner, alcohol containing cleaner and multipurpose solution (MPS) respectively and repetitive spoilation and cleaning was conducted up to 14 times. To observe the cleaning effect of ultrasonic wave on the lipid deposit, each spoiled lens was ultrasonicated and then compared with non-sonicated lens. Lipids deposit on the contact lenses was extracted by methanol:chloroform (1:1, v/v) solution. High performance liquid chromatography was used to analyze and quantify lipid deposit extracts. Results: The effectiveness of alcohol containing surfactant cleaner on the lipid deposits was better than that of surfactant cleaner and MPS, and the cleaning efficacy was significantly higher in the ultrasonic wave treated group. Lipid deposits were not removed completely by contact lens care solutions so that lipid deposits increased continuously and cumulatively. Conclusions: The cleaning efficacy of contact lens care solutions was not satisfactory to remove lipid deposits on the SiHy lens that new cleaning products specially designed for SiHy lenses are needed to develop.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.37-41
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• 2007

The aim of this study is to establish RGP lens care system using RGP lens multi-purpose solution(MPS) and cleaner. Each RGP lens was incubated in Pseudomonas aeruginosa standard strain, and the numbers of P. aeruginosa colony remaining after treatment by using MPS and/or cleaner including surface activating components were estimated. Soaking only in MPS for 30 min reduced the number of P. aeruginosa up to 50%. 95% of P. aeruginosa was eliminated at RGP lenses soaked in MPS for 4 hr, but P. aeruginosa was not detected at RGP lenses soaked for 6 hr. When only cleaner was used for RGP lens care, 70% of P. aeruginosa was eliminated. This result showed that using cleaner had more effective at removing P. aeruginosa than soaking in MPS for 30 min. When soaking in MPS for 30 min after using cleaner reduced the number of P. aeruginosa up to 36% of that which soaking only in MPS for 30 min. This result suggested that using cleaner could be helpful to improve the disinfection efficacy of short time soaking in MPS.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 2020

This study was designed to investigate the current state of lens wearing and care, and to investigate eye discomfort according to the care method. Data of 209 female college students wearing lenses for more than 1 year were analyzed using the SPSS / WIN 22.0 program. 40.2% of female students wear lenses every day and 97.1% wear all day. However, only 45.4% of students washed it daily, and only 17.7 % used protein remover during wash, which resulted in poor management. 98.1% of students complained of discomfort due to the lens, and the Ocular Surface Index (OSDI) scored 42.88 ± 15.25, which was classified as a severe dry eye and threatened eye health. Therefore, it is necessary to improve students' awareness of lens management, and periodical lens inspection and management education are needed.