• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.79-106
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• 2005

This study, by adopting case study methodology, is focused on examining the present state and analyzing the cause of the digital divide, and suggesting policies for bridging the divide, specifically in view of SMEs. We have taken cases of manufacturing companies, visiting and interviewing 18 SMEs in 10 APEC member economies which show sharp difference in usage of ICT. In order to analyze the digital gap among SMEs, we used 5 variables that are composed of computer hardware, computer software, Internet, readiness of ICT, and performance of ICT adoption, while categorizing the cases into low and high tier based on the national ICT index. From a computer hardware perspective, the high tier (0.66) has almost double the number of PC’s per employee, compared with the low tiers (0.34). This gap can be explained by financial availability of low income and high tariff in the developing economies. In the computer software perspective, the SMEs in the low tier had some restrictive use of computer applications such as financial and accounting management and document management, while those in the high tier enjoyed more diversity in the use of applications such as inventory management, sales management, financial and accounting management, procurement management, CRM, and ERP. In view of the readiness of ICT, the difference in ICT infrastructure and financial status between the low and high tier was far wider than any other variables. As a result of ICT adoption, SMEs benefited in view of learning and growth, internal business processes, customer service, and financial affairs. To effectively bridge the digital divide between the low and high tier, actions such as setting up a secondary market of used computers among cooperating developed and developing countries, developing and diffusing good business applications, and building speedy, low-cost telecommunication infrastructures should be taken.

• 서비스연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.123-148
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• 2011

서비스 비즈니스는 그 분야가 프로세스나 상품 유형 등에 있어서 매우 다양하다. 따라서 상호 의사소통이나 경험 학습의 공유가 중요한데도 불구하고, 이 분야에서는 그동안 전통적으로 학술적인 그리고 체계적인 연구가 활성화되지 못했다. 그러나 최근에 각종 서비스 비즈니스에 대한 수요와 공급이 급격히 증가하고, 이 분야에 특히 서비스사이언스라는 매크로 이슈가 제시되는 등 서비스에 대한 과학적이고 체계적인 접근의 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 특히 서비스 혁신 관점에서 서비스 분야에 대한 연구 영역과 관련된 연구 내용들에 대해서 논의하고, 향후 시도되어야 할 서비스 분야의 연구 주제들을 주로 Ostrom 등의 최근 연구에 기반하여 제안하였다. 서비스 혁신 관련 이슈는 서비스 기획, 개발, 그리고 실행의 3개 영역으로 구분될 수 있으며, 본 연구에서는 기획영역에서 서비스화 및 기존 서비스의 성장, 전환 서비스를 통한 웰빙 기여, 서비스 문화의 창조와 유지, 개발 영역에서 서비스 혁신의 유도, 서비스 혁신의 향상, 서비스 네트워크와 가치체인의 최적화 등 총 6개 주제별로 정리하였으며, 각 분야별로 중요한 연구 실적, 향후 연구 동향, 연구 사례를 소개하였으며, 앞으로 연구가 활성화되어야 이슈 등을 제시하였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.697-706
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• 2020

The relationship between education and work is of the greatest concern to individuals and society because they are the key drivers of growth and development. In the context of Industry 4.0, labor and educators are facing the challenges of big changes in the workplace. How to prepare undergraduate students for the world of employment has become the most important mission of higher education providers. This paper explored the competency gap in the labor market in Vietnam from the perspective of employees who have been dissatisfied with the current status. First, a qualitative method with the Delphi technique was applied to confirm this consensus in an employees' competency model. Then, the satisfaction level for each competency criterion was explored by applying the advance quantitative method, namely, best non-fuzzy performance approach. Lifelong learning was ranked first, followed by creativity and innovation, foreign languages, expertise and digitalization, adaptability, and finally, organizing and managing ability. Critical thinking and problem-solving were perceived to have the biggest gap. The order of competency satisfaction is useful in explaining the mismatch between education quality and labor market demand. The findings provide valuable guidelines for education managers who seek to bridge the competency gap and improve education quality.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.154-164
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• 2013

The objectives of this study were to assign reasonability to importance of weight selection issue in key performance indicator for performance evaluation of Centers for Child-care Foodservice Management (CCFSM) developed by using Balanced Scorecard (BSC), to draw key performance indicator (KPI) by perspective and to analyze differences in recognition on importance. From September 25 to October 9, 2012, we conducted a questionnaire-based study via e-mail, targeting chiefs and team leaders of nationwide 21 CCFSMs (43 persons), officials of local governments where CCFSM was established (21 persons), officials of Korea Food and Drug Administration (2 persons) and foodservice management experts (27 persons) in order to estimate the relative importance on 4 perspectives and 14 KPIs and analyzed its results by using 61 collected data. The results showed that relative importance of perspectives was estimated in order of importance as follows: business performance (0.3519), customer (0.3393), resource (0.1557), learning and growth (0.1531). Relative importance of KPIs was in order of importance as follows: Evaluation of sanitary management level in child-care foodservice facilities (0.1327), Level of customer recognition and behavior improvement (0.1153), performances of round visiting inspection on foodservice, sanitary, safety management, and foodservice consulting (0.0913). Our results showed that the recognition differences exist on the relative importance of perspectives and KPIs between officials of CCFSM, KFDA, local government and foodservice management experts. These observations will form the basis for developing evaluation systems, and it is considered that performance indicators developed on this basis will suggest direction of operation which CCFSM will have to perform.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.381-405
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• 2015

최근의 고고학적으로 문맥화 된 수학사연구는 인류 초기 문명인 고대 바빌로니아의 학교에서 수학교육이 기능하였다는 사실과 함께 현존하는 가장 오래된 수학인 고대 바빌로니아의 수학적 텍스트가 학교에서 이루어진 교수-학습 과정의 산물(産物)임을 보여준다. 이러한 측면에서 학교수학의 본질과 기능에 대한 탐구의 필요성이 제기되는 바, 본 연구는 교수-학습 과정서 나타나는 산물을 포함하도록 학교수학의 개념을 확장하고 학교수학의 기능에 대한 분석을 시도하였다. 그 결과, 학교수학은 일상생활에서의 수학활동과 학문으로서의 수학의 경계를 명확히 하고 양자를 연결해왔으며 수학적 연습과 준비를 시키는 교육상황(ESMPR)과 수학적 창의성과 오류가 발현되는 교육상황(ESMCE)의 계속되는 연쇄를 통해 작동해온 것으로 파악되었다. 이로부터 본 연구자는 학습에 대한 상반된 두 패러다임인 획득으로서의 학습과 참여로서의 학습은 각각 ESMPR과 ESMCE에 대응하여 상보적으로 작동할 수 있으며 학교수학적 지식의 질적 성장이 Bruner가 말하는 교사와 학생이 형성하는 상호학습 커뮤니티가 Popper의 추측과 반박의 방법을 통해 완성해 나가는 작품으로 이해될 수 있다고 주장하였다.

• Journal of East Asia Management
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.93-103
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• 2021

Struggle refers to the process of overcoming various difficulties for a goal. The spirit of struggle is a positive attitude and reaction reflected in the process of struggle. Cultivating the spirit of struggle of college students is the call of the new era. In essence, the cultivation of the spirit of struggle is a process of learning, which is in line with Bandura's Observation Learning Theory(Bandura, 1977):Attention, Maintenance, Reproduction and Motivation. The cultivation of College Students' spirit of struggle in the new era is also a learning process of enriched experience. It is necessary to cultivate the spirit of struggle into the soul of college students and make it become a habit of students. Moreover, it is crucial to carry out adaptive transformation of Bandura's observation learning theory. By studying the mechanism of the spirit of struggle of college students, taking innovation and entrepreneurship education as a means, and aiming at cultivating the connotation of President Xi's thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, this paper constructs the AIST model for cultivating the spirit of struggle of college students in the new era. This model includes online learning acceptance platform(Acceptance), classroom experience stimulation platform(Inspiration), iterative training solidified platform (Solidification), and competition practice transfer platform(Transfer). The purpose of this model is to provide a practical way for universities to fulfill the fundamental task of moral education and cultivate qualified socialist builders and successors. The number of students using the online learning acceptance platform ranked the first among that of the similar courses in China; The classroom experience stimulation platform and the iterative training solidified platform support each other, with an effective rate of 97%; The competition practice transfer platform has realized the continuous growth of the number of awards won in competitions for three years. The direction of future efforts is to establish the external mechanism of the spirit of struggle, to ensure the effectiveness of classroom experience and iterative training, to cultivate teachers with coaching skills, and to accurately measure the transformation point of external and endogenous motivation.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2011

As environmental protection is becoming more and more important, green production has become a key issue for almost every manufacturer and will determine a manufacturer can be sustainable in the long term. Therefore a performance evaluation system for green suppliers is necessary to determine the suitability of suppliers to cooperate with the company. While the works on the evaluation and/or selection of suppliers are abundant, those that concern environmental issues are rather limited. The objective of this study is to construct a combined model based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and balanced scorecard (ESC) for evaluating green suppliers in the manufacturing industry. The ESC concept is applied to define the hierarchy with four major perspectives (i.e. financial, customer, internal business process, and learning and growth), and performance indicators are selected for each perspective. FAHP is then proposed in order to tolerate vagueness and ambiguity of information. Finally, FAHP is finally constructed to facilitate the solving process. With the proposed model, manufacturers can have a better understanding of the capabilities that a green supplier must possess and can evaluate and select the most suitable green supplier for cooperation.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.385-399
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• 2005

Objective: The objective was to extract a preliminary performance measurement indicators of nursing organizations in hospitals using the BSC(Balanced Score Card) developed by Kaplan and Norton, and to analyze the content validity and evaluation methods of the performance measurement indicators with actual nurses in the nursing organization as participants in the study. Methods: The preliminary performance measurement indicators was created through a literature review and had the content validity by a professional. This survey was sent via post to 316 nurse managers and nurses with more than 5 years of experience in seven secondary and tertiary hospitals in the Seoul Gyonggi district. The completed questionnaires were returned by mail. Results: Fourteen indicators for finances, 16 for customer services, 27 for internal business processes, and 13 for learning and growth were selected. Conclusion: Amidst a rapidly changing medical environment, a first step was taken towards developing a performance measurement from various perspectives for nursing organizations in hospitals from various perspectives, rather than just one or a past-oriented perspective. However, as the most important thing is to actually use these indicators, continuous interest in publicity and education must be developed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.309-317
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• 2015

Recently many companies began to realize their visions for the sustainable growth with the advent of CSV(Creating Shared Values). Michael E. Porter, a Harvard Professor, claims that placing social value creation at the core of business strategy has the potential to uncover big opportunities for individual companies and that shared value can play a significant role in increasing competitive advantages while fostering social prosperity. In consequence, the various researches have illustrated how to get the opportunity for competitive advantages from building a social value proposition into corporate strategy, and considerable studies have been promoted heavily from the managerial perspective. However, due to the lack of capability converging information technology with business strategy, any research effort to identify technological or Internet-related issues and to link the issues to CSV does not exist. With Korean being a Internet leading country, the demands of researches analyzing core technology, information, and service utilizing Internet are rapidly growing. The study aims to find out Internet-related enablers for CSV. This paper describes the concepts and features of CSV, identifies emerging Internet-related issues toward the opportunity for competitive advantage, and then depicts the rigorous research endeavors in the areas of Internet information, technology, and services. As a result, 11 papers presented and selected as the outstanding papers at APIC-IST 2014 handle the issues to be brought together, which include: Wireless and Sensor Network, Image Processing and HCI, Big Data and Business Intelligence, Security & Privacy in Internet, SNS & Communication, Smart-Learning and e-Learning, and Internet Business Strategy. The study finally recommends indispensible terms for substantially vitalizing CSV.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.27-50
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• 2016

Korean manufacturing industry have recently faced the catch-up of China in the mass commodity product, such as automotive, display, and smart phone in terms of market as well as technology. Accordingly, discussion on the importance of achieving catch-up in complex product systems (CoPS) has been increasing as a new innovation engine for the industry. In order to achieve successful catch-up of CoPS, we explored emerging technologies of CoPS, which are featured by the characteristics of radical novelty, relatively fast growth and self-sustaining, through the study of emerging technologies of gas turbine for power generation. We found that emerging technologies of the gas turbine are technologies for combustion nozzle and composition of electrical machine for increasing power efficiency, washing technology for particulate matter, cast and material processing technology for enhancing durability from fatigue, cooling technologies from extremely high temperature, interconnection operation technology between renewable energy and the gas turbine for flexibility in power generation, and big data technology for remote monitoring and diagnosis of the gas turbine. We also found that those emerging technologies resulted in technological progress of the gas turbine by converging with other conventional technologies in the gas turbine. It indicates that emerging technologies in CoPS can be appeared on various technological knowledge fields and have complementary relationship with conventional technologies for technology progress of CoPS. It also implies that latecomers need to pursue integrated learning that includes emerging technologies as well as conventional technologies rather than independent learning related to emerging technologies for successful catch-up of CoPS. Our findings provide an important initial theoretical ground for investigating the emerging technologies and their characteristics in CoPS as well as recognizing knowledge management strategy for successful catch-up of latecomers. Our findings also contribute to the policy development of the CoPS from the perspective of innovation strategy and knowledge management.