Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no9.697

Competency Gap in the Labor Market: Evidence from Vietnam  

LE, Quan Thai Thuong (Office of Cooperation and Research Management, Ho Chi Minh City Open University)
DOAN, Tam Ho Dan (Office of Cooperation and Research Management, Ho Chi Minh City Open University)
NGUYEN, Quyen Le Hoang Thuy To (Office of Cooperation and Research Management, Ho Chi Minh City Open University)
NGUYEN, Doang Thi Phuc (Faculty of Economics and Public Management, Ho Chi Minh City Open University)
Publication Information
The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business / v.7, no.9, 2020 , pp. 697-706 More about this Journal
Abstract
The relationship between education and work is of the greatest concern to individuals and society because they are the key drivers of growth and development. In the context of Industry 4.0, labor and educators are facing the challenges of big changes in the workplace. How to prepare undergraduate students for the world of employment has become the most important mission of higher education providers. This paper explored the competency gap in the labor market in Vietnam from the perspective of employees who have been dissatisfied with the current status. First, a qualitative method with the Delphi technique was applied to confirm this consensus in an employees' competency model. Then, the satisfaction level for each competency criterion was explored by applying the advance quantitative method, namely, best non-fuzzy performance approach. Lifelong learning was ranked first, followed by creativity and innovation, foreign languages, expertise and digitalization, adaptability, and finally, organizing and managing ability. Critical thinking and problem-solving were perceived to have the biggest gap. The order of competency satisfaction is useful in explaining the mismatch between education quality and labor market demand. The findings provide valuable guidelines for education managers who seek to bridge the competency gap and improve education quality.
Keywords
Competency; Employee Perspective; Education Management; Delphi Technique; Human Resources;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 12  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 McGuinness, S., & Ortiz, L. (2016). Skill gaps in the workplace: Measurement, determinants and impacts. Industrial Relations Journal, 47(3), 253-278.   DOI
2 Mizikaci, F. (2006). A systems approach to program evaluation model for quality in higher education. Quality Assurance in Education, 14(1), 37-53. https://doi.org/10.1108/09684880610643601   DOI
3 Muruganantham, A., Nguyen, P. T., Lydia, E. L., Shankar, K., Hashim, W., & Maseleno, A. (2019). Big data analytics and intelligence: A perspective for health care. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 8(6 Special Issue), 861-864. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.F1162.0886S19
4 Nguyen, H. M., & Ngo, T. T. (2020). Psychological capital, organizational commitment and job performance: A case in Vietnam. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(5), 269-278. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no5.269   DOI
5 Nguyen, H. T., Fehring, H., & Warren, W. (2015). EFL teaching and learning at a Vietnamese university: What do teachers say? English Language Teaching, 8(1), 31-43.
6 Nguyen, M. H., Tran, B. T., & Huynh, L. T. (2019). Relation between employees and customers affects to the positive word of mouth through customer satisfaction. Journal of Distribution Science, 17(6), 65-75. doi:10.15722/JDS.17.6.201906.65   DOI
7 Vu, D. H., Nguyen, P. T., Nguyen, Q. L. H. T. T., Huynh, V. D. B., Le, Q. T. T., Doan, T. H. D., Le, B. G. P. (2019). Success factors framework for the implementation of e-learning systems in Vietnamese universities. Journal of Critical Reviews, 6(4), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.22159/jcr.06.04.01
8 Yurdakul, N., Ker-Dincer, M., Vural, Z. B. A., & Akinci, B. (2008). Searching for excellence in educational communication: The role of IQ, EQ and SQ. Bilig - Turk DunyasI Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 45(45), 147-164.
9 Nguyen, P. T., Vu, N. B., Van Nguyen, L., Le, L. P., & Vo, K. D. (2019). The application of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (F-AHP) in engineering project management. The 2018 IEEE 5th International Conference on Engineering Technologies and Applied Sciences, ICETAS 2018.
10 Nguyen, M. H., & Bui, H. N. (2020). Revisiting the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth nexus in vietnam: New evidence by asymmetric ardl cointegration. Applied Economics Letters, 27(15), 75-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2020.1789543
11 Nguyen, P. V., Nguyen, P. T., Nguyen, Q. L. H. T. T., & Huynh, V. D. B. (2016). Calculating weights of social capital index using analytic hierarchy process. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 6(3), 1189-1193.
12 Nguyen, Q. L. H. T. T., Nguyen, P. T., & Huynh, V. D. B. (2019). Roles of e-learning in higher education. Journal of Critical Reviews, 6(4), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.22159/jcr.06.04.02
13 Nguyen, Q. L. H. T. T., Nguyen, P. T., Huynh, V. D. B., & Nguyen, L. T. (2020). Application chang's extent analysis method for ranking barriers in the e-learning model based on multi-stakeholder decision making. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(5), 1759-1766. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080512   DOI
14 Nguyen, Q. L. H. T. T., Nguyen, P. V., Nguyen, P. T., & Huynh, V. D. B. (2019). Using fuzzy logic to develop employees' competency ranking model. The Journal of Social Sciences Research, 5(4), 888-891.
15 Nguyen, Q. L. H. T. T., Van Nguyen, P., Nguyen, P. T., & Huynh, V. D. B. (2019). Using fuzzy logic to develop employees competency ranking model. The Journal of Social Sciences Research, 5(4), 888-891.
16 Phong, N. T., & Quyen, N.L.H.T.T. (2017). Application fuzzy multiattribute decision analysis method to prioritize project success criteria. In: AIP Conference Proceedings 1903, 070011(2017). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5011580
17 Ramakrishnan, J., Shabbir, M. S., Kassim, N. M., Nguyen, P. T., & Mavaluru, D. (2020). A comprehensive and systematic review of the network virtualization techniques in the iot. International Journal of Communication Systems, 33(7), 01-19. https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.4331
18 Qodim, H., Herningsih, Nguyen, P. T., Nguyen, Q. L. H. T. T., & Toding, A. (2019). Educating the information integration using contextual knowledge and ontology merging in advanced levels. International Journal of Higher Education, 8(8), 24-29. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v8n8p24   DOI
19 Quyen, N. L. H. T. T., Nguyen, P. T., & Huynh, V. D. B. (2017). Prioritization of social capital indicators using extent analysis method. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 4(10), 54-57.
20 Ramadhan, M. C., Sinaulan, R. L., Maryano, Hartati, S., & Nguyen, P. T. (2020). Regulation and digital economy. Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques, 8(1), 237-240.
21 Roberts, B. W., Walton, K. E., & Viechtbauer, W. (2006). Patterns of mean-level change in personality traits across the life course: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychological Bulletin, 132(1), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.1.1   DOI
22 Saragih, M. G., Chin, J., Setyawasih, R., Nguyen, P. T., & Shankar, K. (2019). Machine learning methods for analysis fraud credit card transaction. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 8(6 Special issue), 870-874. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.F1164.0886S19
23 Alfita, L., Kadiyono, A. L., Nguyen, P. T., Firdaus, W., & Wekke, I. S. (2019). Educating the external conditions in the educational and cultural environment. International Journal of Higher Education, 8(8), 34-38. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v8n8p34   DOI
24 Sari, Y., Muhtarom, A., Nguyen, Q. L. H. T. T., Nguyen, P. T., & Ansir. (2020). Predictors of job performance: Moderating role of conscientiousness. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 11(6), 135-152. http://eprints.ulm.ac.id/9558/1/11610_Sari_2020_E_R.pdf
25 Schwab, K. (2018). The global competitiveness report 2018. Cologny, Switzerland: The World Economic Forum.
26 Agarwal, A., & Toshniwal, D. (2020). Identifying leadership characteristics from social media data during natural hazards using personality traits. Scientific Reports, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59086-0
27 Ahmad, T. (2019). Improving political science degree programmes in the twenty-first century. Review of Economics and Political Science. [In Press] https://doi.org/10.1108/REPS-02-2019-0023
28 Alazmi, M. S., & Al-Kubaisi, H. S. (2020). School principals' perceptions on the diversification of school financing sources: A study using Delphi method. Management in Education, 34(3), 94-106. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892020619897372   DOI
29 Bughin, J., Hazan, E., Ramaswamy, S., Chui, M., Allas, T., Dahlstrom, P., & Trench, M. (2017). Artificial intelligence: The next digital frontier. McKinsey Global Institute Study. McKinsey Global Institute, 1-80. Retrieved April 20, 2020 from: http://www.odbms.org/2017/08/artificial-intelligence-the-next-digital-frontier-mckinsey-global-institute-study/
30 Campbell, D. J., & Lee, C. (1988). Self-appraisal in performance evaluation: Development versus evaluation. Academy of Management Review, 13(2), 302-314.   DOI
31 Christie, C. A., & Barela, E. (2005). The Delphi technique as a method for increasing inclusion in the evaluation process. Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation, 20(1), 105-122.
32 De Jesus, A., Antunes, P., Santos, R., & Mendonca, S. (2019). Eco-innovation pathways to a circular economy: Envisioning priorities through a Delphi approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 228, 1494-1513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.049   DOI
33 Kim, J. E. (2019). The impact of creative role identity and creative self-efficacy on employee creativity in the hotel business. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 6(2), 123-133. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2019.vol6.no2.123   DOI
34 Hurd, A. R., & Schlatter, B. E. (2007). Establishing cooperative competency-based internships for parks and recreation students. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 78(4), 31-47.   DOI
35 Juttler, M., & Schumann, S. (2019). Is economics a man's business? Exploring the long-term effects of the gender gap in economic competencies at the upper secondary level on students' choice to study economics at university. Citizenship, Social and Economics Education, 18(3), 177-197. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173419885628   DOI
36 Kembro, J., Naslund, D., & Olhager, J. (2017). Information sharing across multiple supply chain tiers: A Delphi study on antecedents. International Journal of Production Economics, 193, 77-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2017.06.032   DOI
37 Lee, J. W. (2020). Big data strategies for government, society and policy-making. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(7), 475-487. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no7.475   DOI
38 Kittell-Limerick, P. (2005). Perceived barriers to completion of the academic doctorate: A Delphi study: Commerce, TX: Texas A&M University-Commerce.
39 Kozlova, A. Y., Samsonova, A. N., Tumanov, D. Y., Nguyen, P. T., To Nguyen, Q. L. H. T., & Huynh, V. D. B. (2019). The development of children's giftedness in creative self-realization: Conceptual thesis. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 23(1), 28-36. https://doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v23i1/pr190210   DOI
40 Kwon, Y., & Lee, J. (2020). Demographic faultlines in groups: The curvilinearly moderating effects of task interdependence. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(3), 311-322. doi:10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no3.311   DOI
41 Tang, A. D., Chang, M. L., & Cheng, C. F. (2017). Enhancing knowledge sharing from self-initiated expatriates in Vietnam: The role of internal marketing and work-role adjustment in an emerging economy. Asia Pacific Business Review, 23(5), 677-696. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602381.2017.1366404   DOI
42 Sparreboom, T., & Tarvid, A. (2016). Imbalanced job polarization and skills mismatch in Europe. Journal for Labour Market Research, 49(1), 15-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12651-016-0196-y   DOI
43 Stabback, P. (2016). What makes a quality curriculum? In-progress reflection no. 2 on "current and critical issues in curriculum and learning". Geneva, Switzerland: UNESCO International Bureau of Education.
44 Steel, C. H. (2017). Enabling Effective Mobile Language Learning: Students' Perspectives, Wants and Needs. In: Murphy A., Farley H., Dyson L., & Jones H. (Eds), Mobile Learning in Higher Education in the Asia-Pacific Region (pp. 523-539). Education in the Asia-Pacific Region: Issues, Concerns and Prospects, Vol 40. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4944-6_25
45 Skulmoski, G. J., Hartman, F. T., & Krahn, J. (2007). The Delphi method for graduate research. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 6(1), 1-21.   DOI
46 Ulfa, A. M., Saputra, A., Yuswardi, & Nguyen, P. T. (2020). Role of artificial intelligence in pharma science. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(1), 291-293. https://doi.org/10.31838/jcr.07.01.54
47 Vo, K. D., Nguyen, P. T., & Le-Hoai, L. (2019). The difference in personality traits of construction engineers in Vietnam using the kts instrument. Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology, 26(2), 232-239.
48 Vo, K. D., Nguyen, P. T., Pham, C. P., Huynh, V. D. B., Nguyen, Q. L. H. T. T., Vu, N. B., & Le, L. P. (2019). Measuring individual job performance of project managers using fuzzy extended analytic method. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(2 Special Issue), 86-90. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.a1379.078219
49 Dhahad, H. A., Hussen, H. M., Nguyen, P. T., Ghaebi, H., & Ashraf, M. A. (2020). Thermodynamic and thermoeconomic analysis of innovative integration of kalina and absorption refrigeration cycles for simultaneously cooling and power generation. Energy Conversion and Management, 203, 112241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.112241   DOI
50 Deming, D. J. (2017). The growing importance of social skills in the labor market. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 132(4), 1593-1640. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjx022   DOI
51 Flisi, S., Goglio, V., Meroni, E. C., Rodrigues, M., & Vera-Toscano, E. (2017). Measuring occupational mismatch: Overeducation and overskill in Europe - evidence from PIAAC. Social Indicators Research, 131(3), 1211-1249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1292-7   DOI
52 Glaesser, J. (2019). Competence in educational theory and practice: A critical discussion. Oxford Review of Education, 45(1), 70-85.   DOI
53 Ha, N. M., & Luan, N. V. (2018). The effect of employers' attraction and social media on job application attention of senior students at pharmaceutical universities in Vietnam. International Journal of Business and Society, 19(2), 473-491.
54 Haible, S., Volk, C., Demetriou, Y., Honer, O., Thiel, A., Trautwein, U., & Sudeck, G. (2019). Promotion of physical activity-related health competence in physical education: Study protocol for the gekos cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 1-15.   DOI
55 Hsu, C. C., & Sandford, B. A. (2007). The Delphi technique: Making sense of consensus. Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation, 12(10), 1-8.
56 Luksyte, A., & Spitzmueller, C. (2011). Overqualified women: What can be done about this potentially bad situation? Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 4(2), 256-259.   DOI
57 Luong, D. L., Tran, D. H., & Nguyen, P. T. (2018). Optimizing multi-mode time-cost-quality trade-off of construction project using opposition multiple objective difference evolution. International Journal of Construction Management, 01-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/15623599.2018.1526630
58 Han, J. H. (2020). The effects of personality traits on subjective well-being and behavioral intention associated with serious leisure experiences. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(5), 167-176. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no5.167   DOI