• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.253-260
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• 2010

The primary focus of this study was to explore the variation in dose distributions of electron beams between different types of construction structure of cut-out blocks embodied in electron cones, given that the structure is considered one of the causes of multiple scattered radiation from electrons which may affect dose distributions. For evaluation, two types of cut-out blocks, divergency and straight, manufactured for this study, were compared in terms of area of interval in distribution of dose, and flatness and symmetric state of surface being radiated. The results showed that divergency cut-out blocks reduced the lateral scattering effects on the thickness of cut-out blocks more substantially than straight ones, leading to more uniform dose distribution at baseline depth. Notably in divergency cut-out blocks, the high dose area decreased more significantly, and more uniform dose distribution was observed at the edge of the irradiated field. This points to a need to consider the characteristics of dose distribution of electron beams when setting up radiotherapy planing at the venues. Therefore, this study is significant as an exploratory work for ensuring high accuracy in dose delivery for patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 2020

In this study, the effect of surface roughness distribution and its influence on the inflight icing code was investigated. Previous numerical studies focused on the magnitude of surface roughness, and the effects were only addressed in terms of changes in thermal boundary layers with fully turbulent assumption. In addition, the empirical formula was used to take account the turbulent transition due to surface roughness, which was regarded as reducing the accuracy of ice shape prediction. Therefore, in this study, the turbulent transition model based on the two-equation turbulence model was applied to consider the effects of surface roughness. In order to consider the effect of surface roughness, the transport equation for roughness amplification parameter was applied, and the surface roughness distribution model was implemented to consider the physical properties. For validation, the surface roughness, convective heat transfer coefficient, and ice shape were compared with experimental results and other numerical methodology. As a result, it was confirmed that the excessive prediction of the heat transfer coefficient at the leading edge and the ice horn shape at the bottom of the airfoil were improved accordingly.

• Strategy21
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• s.37
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• pp.65-103
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• 2015

This study is an attempt to look into the future role of the ROKN and to provide a strategic way forward with a special focus on naval strategic concept and force planning. To accomplish this goal, this research takes four sequential steps for analysis: 1) assessing the role and utility of naval power of ROKN since its foundation back in 1945; 2) forecasting features of various maritime threats to influence the security of Korea in the future directly or indirectly; 3) identifying the roles to be undertaken by future ROKN; and 4) recommending Korean way of naval force planning and the operational concept of naval power. This study seeks to show that ROKN needs comprehensive role to better serve the nation with respect to national security, national prosperity and development, and future battle-space management. To safeguard the national security of Korea, it suggests three roles: 1) national guard for the peaceful unification; 2) protector of the maritime sovereignty; and 3) suppressor to maritime threats. Three more roles are highlighted for national prosperity: 1) escort of the national economy; 2) guardian for national maritime activities; and 3) contributor to the world peace. These roles need to be closely connected with the role for the battle-space management. This paper addresses the need for a dramatic shift of the central operational domain from land to maritime in the future. This will eventually offer future ROKN a leading role for developing strategic concept and force planning rather than merely a supporting one. This study finally suggests 'balanced' strategy both in concept development and force planning. A balanced force planning is a 'must' rather than an 'option' when considering a division of function between Task Fleets and Area Fleets, constructing cutting-edge conventional forces such as Aegis destroyer, CVs, or submarines, and the mix of high-profile platform and low-profile when composing future fleets. A 'balance' is also needed in operational concept. The fleet should be prepared to fulfill its missions based on two different types of force operation i.e., coercive or cooperative application of the utility of naval force. The findings and recommendations of the study are relevant today, and will be increasingly important in the future to achieve various political goals required by enhancing the utility of naval power.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.8-14
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• 2019

Bird-strike is one of the most important design factors for safety in the aviation industry. Bird-strikes have been the cause of significant damage to aircraft and rotorcraft structures and the loss of life. This study used DYTRAN software to simulate the transient response of an Euler-Lagrangian composite helicopter blade that has been impacted by a bird. The Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) method and a suitable equation of state were applied to model the bird. ALE was applied to the bird-strike analysis due to the large difference between the properties of the blade and bird. The debris of the bird was assumed to be a fluid and applied as Euler elements after the collision. Through the analysis of bird impacts, the leading-edge of the rotor blade (50.8 mm) was used to identify a positive margin of 1.18 based on the TSAI-FILL criteria. The results are assessed to be sufficiently reliable and may be evaluated to replace tests with various analysis conditions. The structural stability of the rotor blade could be assessed by applying various load conditions and different modeling methods in the future.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.4-25
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• 2017

The Hoeamsa Temple of Yangju City was established at least during the late Korea Dynasty. This temple was rebuilt several times with the support of the royal family from the late Korea Dynasty to the early Joseon Dynasty. It was continually rebuilt in association with JiGong monk, HyeKeun monk, and MuHak monk. Hoeamsa temple was leading the Buddhist culture as a Buddhist center of the Joseon Dynasty . It was destroyed in the late Joseon Period. This site has been excavated several times since 1997. Various roofing tiles were unearthed. Of these tiles the edge of eaves are the artifacts showing the best features of this era. In this temple site has been excavated a variety of Sanskrit roof tiles. These tiles were made using superior technique. On the roof tiles are engraved Sanskrit mantras with a variety of 1 to 9 words. The jeongbeopkkye mantra(oṃ raṃ) and six-word mantra(oṃ ma ṇi pa dme hūṃ) were discovered the most. These mantras were believe to expel several evils from the Buddhist temple. It must have been that the six-word mantra culture became prevalent and provided a turning point in the history of Korean Buddhism. We can clearly know when some of the Sanskrit roof tiles were first manufactured. These roof tiles are the absolute standard of the other Sanskrit roof tiles excavated from different Buddhist temples. The master craftsmen must have been very skilled, understood the mantra very well, and had deep faith in the Sanskrit mantra. Hoeamsa Temple is a milestone in studying the Sanskrit roof tiles. More studies on various aspects are expected to be followed.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 2019

The extant research literature is scant in telling us how organizations actually implement lifelong learning practices and policies. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to describe how lifelong learning is grounded in practice. We do this by introducing a new conceptual framework that was developed on the basis of interviews with a number of leading edge corporations from Canada, the USA, India and Korea. At the heart of our model, and any effective lifelong learning system, is a performance management system. The performance management system allows for an ongoing interaction between managers and employees whereby challenging performance and learning goals are set, and concrete plans are made to achieve them. Those plans involve three types of learning activities. First, employees may be encouraged to engage in formal learning. This could be provided in-house, or the employee may take a leave of absence and return to school. Second, managers may deploy their subordinates to different departments or teams, so that they can take part in new work-based learning opportunities. Finally, employees may be encouraged to learn on their own time. By this we mean learning after organizational hours through firm-sponsored 5 programs, such as e-learning courses. Fueled by the performance management system, we posit that these three learning outlets lead to effective lifelong learning in organizations.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.129-140
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• 2021

The next generation mBcN should be built to cooperate with the wireless network to support hyper-speed and hyper-connectivity. In this paper, we propose a network architecture for the cooperation mBcN and 5G commercial network and architecture of the cooperative security gateway required for the cooperation. The proposed cooperative security gateway is between gNB and UPF to support LBO, SFC, and security. Our analysis shows that the proposed architecture has several advantages. First of all, user equipment connected with the mBcN can be easily connected through the 5G commercial radio network to the mBcN. Second, the military application traffic can be transmitted to mBcN without going through the 5G core network, reducing the end-to-end transmission delay without causing the traffic load on the 5G core network. In addition, the security level of the military application can effectively be maintained because the user equipment can be connected to the cooperative security gateway, and the traffic generated by the user equipment is transmitted to the mBcN without going through the 5G core network. Finally, we demonstrate that LBO, SFC, and security modules are essential functions of the proposed gateway in the 5G test-bed environment.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.21-27
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• 2023

This study studies the policies and use cases of the government and the financial sector for artificial intelligence, and the future policy tasks of the financial sector. want to derive According to Gartner, noteworthy technologies leading the financial industry in 2022 include 'generative AI', 'autonomous system', 'Privacy Enhanced Computation (PEC) was selected. The financial sector is developing new technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and blockchain. Developments are spurring innovation in the financial sector. Data loss due to the spread of telecommuting after the corona pandemic As interests in sharing and personal information protection increase, companies are expected to change in new digital technologies. Global financial companies also utilize new digital technology to develop products or manage and operate existing businesses. I n order to promote process innovation, I T expenses are being expanded. The financial sector utilizes new digital technology to prevent money laundering, improve work efficiency, and strengthen personal information protection. are applying In the era of Big Blur, where the boundaries between industries are disappearing, the competitive edge in the challenge of new entrants In order to preoccupy the market, financial institutions must actively utilize new technologies in their work.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.73-88
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• 2022

Mathematics is a way of thinking. To do mathematics means to think mathematically. In other words, mathematics education and mathematics literacy are related. In elementary and secondary school mathematics education in many countries, teaching of mathematics using textbooks is conducted mostly in their native language. So mathematics education takes place while reading, writing, listening, and speaking mathematics. Analysis of mathematics textbooks for the lower grades of undergraduate mathematics shows that most advanced countries in mathematics use excellent undergraduate mathematics textbooks written in their native language. However, the ratio of using imported textbooks from foreign countries is particularly high in the case of textbooks for mathematics majors at Korean universities. In this article, the effect of language used in university mathematics education is analized. In particular, the importance of high-quality leading-edge university mathematics textbooks in native language is introduced by analyzing the case of Bourbaki in France and 'War of language' at the Israel Institute of Technology. The innovation of French university mathematics education in the 20th century began with Bourbaki's 'Fundamentals of Mathematics', a French textbook written in his native language. Israel's Technion and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem continue to teach all subjects in their mother tongue. This has led to produce many Nobel Prize and Fields medal winners in these two countries. This study shows that textbooks and languages used in university mathematics education has affected mathematical literacy.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.57-81
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to seek ways to improve the competitiveness of Korea's fashion industry by utilizing the source of competitiveness of Japan's fashion industry, which represents the world's leading countries in terms of fashion, so that Korea can better enter the global fashion market. The study shall first compare the competitiveness of the Japanese and Korean fashion industries by utilizing the generalized double diamond model; second, provide an understanding of what the Japanese fashion industry can offer to Korean fashion industry and companies - that is, understand what the Japanese fashion industry's competitive edge is; and third, study the kind of global competitiveness that Korea's fashion industry must achieve. To adopt a generalized double diamond model to compare the competitiveness of the Korean and Japanese fashion industries, we selected 31 sub-variables to act as determinants of the model. That is, we extracted 31sub-variables by doing research of literature to analyze national competitiveness of the fashion industries. To measure these 31 sub-variables, secondary data was gathered. We collected data related to each sub-variable from various sources of Korea and Japan. And to calculate the competitiveness index, we took three steps with reference to previous studies. We found that status of the fashion industry of the two countries as it stands. That is, Japan is an advanced country of which fashion industry is domestic market-oriented while Korea is a small open economy that mainly focuses on the foreign market. Out of 31 proxy variables, Korea's fashion industry shows higher measurements relating to production and export than Japan, but Japan's fashion industry reports higher measurements than Korea in the fields of R&D, design and brand power, the rate of value added, the efficiency of companies and globalization. In order for Korea's fashion industry to achieve competitiveness in the global market, it should pursue the following development direction. First, it is very difficult for Korea to follow the footsteps of the U.S. and Japanese fashion industries that are able to take advantage of economies of scale, because Korea is smaller than those countries. Therefore, in the case of small economies such as Singapore, strengthening of international activities will practically improve domestic determinants that Korea should improve its domestic diamond by enhancing the current competitiveness of its international diamond. In other words, Korea needs to further endeavor to develop and expand global resources and markets as well as improve its competitiveness in terms of R&D, design and brand power, the rate of value-added, and the efficiency of companies. As the Korean fashion industry shows relatively advanced level of information technology and the fashion education system, it has considerable potential to grow. Korea is expected to have a huge growth potential since it has relatively higher level of information technology, fashion education system and activities than those of Japan in both the domestic diamond and international diamond. In particular, a better environment is laid out before Korea to gain competitiveness in the fashion industry due to the recently growing influence of the Korean Wave that Korea is expected to grow as a leader in the Asian market as well as in the global market.