• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.570-575
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• 2021

Since humans live while feeling rich in their five senses, care must be taken not to damage their hearing in order to lead a happy life. Hearing damage suffered in a living environment is common in a partial band where a specific frequency band is first damaged. However, since the initial pain of hearing damage does not appear much, it is difficult to determine the symptoms in the early stages. In this paper, we proposed a high-speed measurement method that can easily and quickly self-measure hearing damage through a simple app. In this method, 9 pure tones compensated for gain for each voice soub-band are alternately heard in both ears, so that one's own hearing damage can be detected at high speed. When 18 tone pulses were heard for 30 seconds per person, 1 out of 12 subjects was identified as suspected of partial hearing damage. And when the test subjects were informed of the hearing determination method for the number of hearings, the participants themselves immediately determined whether their hearing was damaged. This measurement method simply judges the hearing of both ears within 30 seconds with a smart phone, so that hearing measurements that took more than 10 minutes in hospitals are relatively accurate, and it was found that hearing health can be maintained while reducing time and costs.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.183-191
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• 2021

The advanced development of the world's economies requires a detailed study of the impact of factors on the level of digitalization, to ensure economic growth and promote the use of information and communication technologies in the digital economy. Digitalization of the world's economies is ensured through the implementation of relevant regulations and policy decisions to implement public policy and strategy of the digital economy. The purpose of the study is to establish the pattern of the impact of factors on the level of digitalization of world economies by conducting a regression analysis to reflect the dependence of the impact of factors on the level of digitalization in 25 economies (by IMD digital competitiveness), to check the level of digitalization of the world's economies. It is necessary to analyze the ranking of countries in the world according to the DiGiX Index, IMD, and DESI Digital Competitiveness Rating. Research methods: information synthesis method; regression analysis; systematization, and generalization. Results. It was found that because of regression analysis, the value of the coefficient of determination indicates that the regression model by 78% explains the relationship between future readiness of countries to implement digital technologies and information and communication technologies, but there are still a small number of other factors not included in the regression model. It is determined that the greatest progress among EU member states for the period 2015-2020 according to the DESI index belongs to Ireland, the Netherlands, Malta, and Spain. It is established that Estonia, Spain, and Denmark are in the lead in the DESI rating, in terms of e-government implementation. The study found that the impact of factors on the level of digitalization of world economies contributes to solving current economic problems through further implementation of information and communication technologies and improving legislation in the digital economy, which will ensure the implementation of effective digital policy. It is established that ensuring the appropriate level of digitalization of the world's economies should solve the problems in the digital economy sector faced by governments and businesses, which requires the implementation of measures to regulate and ensure the continued operation of the digital economy.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.281-288
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• 2021

This study was conducted to analyze and compare the concentrations of heavy metals in 430 different products of 20 types of herbal medicines available in the domestic market in Korea by Graphite Furnace-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GF-AAS) and automated mercury analyzer. The accuracy for lead (Pb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) was in the range 92.67-102.56%, and the precision was 0.21-6.00 relative standard deviation (RSD%), which was in compliance with the Codex acceptable range. Furthermore, the Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme (FAPAS) quality control (QC) material showed a recovery range of 96.7-102.0% and 0.33-4.93 RSD%. The average contents (㎍/kg) of Pb, As, Cd, and Hg in herbal medicines were 254.9 (not detected (N.D.)-2,515.2), 171.0 (N.D.-2,465.2), 99.2 (N.D.-797.1), and 6.0 (N.D.-83.6), respectively. Based on the quantitative analysis results, the heavy metal contents of 20 types of herbal medicines distributed in Korea are within the acceptable range according to the standards issued by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS). By using the manufacturer of herbal products as the standard for QC, the Pb, As, Cd, and Hg contents were investigated in the packaging process just before distribution to determine the actual conditions of residual heavy metals in herbal medicines. Thus, these result may contribute to monitoring the QC of herbal medicines distributed in Korea and could provide basic data for supplying safe herbal medicines to the public.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2022

Bullets flying with a light from the back are called "tracers". Tracers are ignited by the combustion gas of the propellant and emit bright light that allows the shooter to visually trace the flight path. Therefore, tracers mark the firing point for allies to assist shooters to hit target quickly and accurately. Conventional tracers are constructed with a mixture of an oxidizing agent, raw metal, and organic fuel. Upon ignition, the inside of the gun can be easily contaminated by the by-products, which can lead to firearm failure during long-term shooting. Moreover, there is a fire risk such as forest fires due to residual flames at impact site. Therefore, it is necessary to develop non-combustion type luminous material; however, this material must still use the heat generated from the propellant, so-called "thermoluminescence (TL)". This study aims to compare the TL emission of Dy³⁺, La³⁺ and Ho³⁺ doped MgB₄O₇ phosphors prepared by solid state reaction. The crystal structures of samples were determined by X-ray diffraction and matched with the standard pattern of MgB₄O₇. Luminescence of various doses (200 ~ 15,000 Gy) of gamma irradiated Dy³⁺, La³⁺ and Ho³⁺ (at different concentrations of 5, 10, 15 and 20 %) doped MgB₄O₇ were recorded using a luminance/color meter. The intensity of TL yellowish (CIE x = 0.401 ~ 0.486, y = 0.410 ~ 0.488) emission became stronger as the temperature increased and the total gamma-ray dose increased.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.325-332
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• 2022

Determination of VLBI IVP (Very Long Baseline Interferometry Invariant Point) position with high accuracy is required to compute local tie vectors between the space geodetic techniques. In general, reflective targets are attached on VLBI antenna and slant distances, horizontal and vertical angles are measured from the pillars. Then, adjustment computation is performed by using the mathematical model which connects measurements and unknown parameters. This indicates that the accuracy of the estimated solutions is affected by the accuracy of the measurements. One of issues in local tie surveying, however, is that the reflective targets are not in favorable condition, that is, the reflective sheet target cannot be perfectly aligned to the instrument perpendicularly. Deviation from the line of sight of an instrument may cause different type of measurement errors. This inherent limitation may lead to incorrect stochastic modeling for the measurements in adjustment computation procedures. In this study, error characteristics by measurement types and pillars are analyzed, respectively. The analysis on the studentized residuals is performed after adjustment computation. The normality of the residuals is tested and then equal variance test between the measurement types are performed. The results show that there are differences in variance according to the measurement types. Differences in variance between distances and angle measurements are observed when F-test is performed for the measurements from each pillar. Therefore, more detailed stochastic modeling is required for optimal solutions, especially in local tie survey.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.67-96
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• 2022

"Aid in Dying" means that when a decision-making patient suffers from an incurable disease, a drug that can speed up death is prescribed by a doctor and used to lead to death. Since the suspension of life-sustaining treatment was institutionalized based on human dignity and patient autonomy, the question of whether assisted death can be legally justified in relation to the right to receive medical help to shorten one's life to die with dignity has recently been actively discussed. In Korea, since the suspension of life-sustaining treatment was institutionalized by the enactment of the Life-sustaining Treatment Decision Act in 2016, an amendment to the Life-sustaining Treatment Act was recently proposed to legalize Aid in Dying. The global trend is that human "Right to Die" is discussed in the division of life and death, from the suspension of life-sustaining treatment to assisted death, and again in the order of euthanasia. In this paper, we started discussing dignified death and institutionalized patients' right to self-determination, looked at the controversy in the United States, which legislated assisted death in many states since the 2000s, and analyzed the main contents of California's End of Life Option Act and the data after enforcement. The strict requirements for Aid in Dying, such as voluntary confirmation of patients' intentions and doctors' obligation to provide information, and the results of California's Aid in dying system, composed of relatively diverse races, were reviewed.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.291-314
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• 2023

The concept of Mydata emerged with the expansion of the data economy. MyData aims to empower individuals by enhancing their right to self-determination over their personal data. The use of MyData is expected to enable the provision of innovative service in various fields. Since 2022, MyData has been introduced and actively used in the financial sector. In the future, not only financial institutions but also Bigtech and Fintech companies are expected to actively join and demonstrate rapid expansion. To ensure steady growth for MyData in the financial sector, it is necessary to assess acceptance behaviors from multiple perspectives. However, the majority of existing research solely focuses on positive acceptance. This study analyzed the impact of users' personal characteristics and innovation characteristics on both innovation resistance and acceptance resistance. The analysis revealed that personal and innovation characteristics contribute to an increase in distrust and innovation resistance in the MyData service. In addition, it has been confirmed that it can lead to actions such as delayed acceptance and refusal to accept. The results of this study offer both theoretical and practical insights into user behavior within the MyData service market.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.19-24
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• 2024

Urban densification has necessitated the development of subterranean spaces such as subway networks and underground tunnels to facilitate the dispersal and movement of populations. Development of these underground spaces requires excavation from the ground surface, which can induce groundwater flow and potentially lead to ground subsidence and sinkholes, damaging structures. To mitigate these risks, it is essential to model groundwater flow prior to construction, analyze its characteristics, and predict potential groundwater discharge during excavation. In this study, we collected meteorological, topographical, and soil conditions data for the city of ○○, where tunnel construction was planned. Using the Visual MODFLOW program, we modeled the groundwater flow. Excavation sections were set as drainage points to monitor groundwater discharge during the excavation process, and the effectiveness of seepage control measures was assessed. The model was validated by comparing measured groundwater levels with those predicted by the model, yielding a coefficient of determination of 0.87. Our findings indicate that groundwater discharge is most significant at the beginning of the excavation. Additionally, the presence of seepage barriers was found to reduce groundwater discharge by approximately 59%.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.271-279
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• 2008

Polymetallic sulphides means hydrothermally formed deposits of sulphide minerals which contain concentrations of metals including, inter alia, copper, lead, zinc, gold and silver. Nautilus is the first company to commercially explore the seafloor polymetallic sulphide deposits. The Company holds exploration licences and exploration applications for more than 370,000 $km^2$ in the jurisdictional seas of Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Tonga, the Solomon Islands and New Zealand along the western Pacific Ocean's Rim of Fire. Neptune Minerals is also a leading explorer and developer in this field, with exploration licences awarded totalling more than 270,000 $km^2$ in the territorial seas or EEZ of New Zealand, Papua New Guinea and the Federated States of Micronesia. These two companies now carry out the most active investment activities for seafloor polymetallic sulphide deposits with a goal of commercial production by 2010. China and Japan carry out exploration activities for the seafloor polymetallic sulphide deposits to secure supplies of strategic metals. China carries out national R&D projects relating to deep sea mineral resources in the world ocean through China Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association(COMRA). And Japan investigates her own EEZ for exploration of the seafloor polymetallic sulphide deposits. In consideration of aforementioned international activities of coastal nations as well as private companies for exploring the sulphide deposits, Korea shall prepare strategic plans : First, consolidation of the authorities concerned and legislative support; second, determination of main entity of the project; third, securing government's decisive investment of sufficient budget; and lastly, establishment of the mid, long-term plan for development of seafloor polymetallic sulphides deposits.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.249-258
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to attain the correlation analysis and thereby to deduce the uniaxial compressive strength of rock specimens through the elastic wave velocity and the elastic modulus among the physical characteristics measured from the rock specimens collected during drilling investigations in Seoul and Gyeonggi region. Method: Experiments were conducted in the laboratory with 119 granite specimens in order to derive the correlation between the compressive strength of the rocks and elastic wave velocity and elastic modulus. Results: In the case of granite, the results of the analysis of the interaction between the compressive strength of a rock and the elastic wave velocity and elastic modulus were found to be less reliable in the relation equation as a whole. And it is believed that the estimation of the compressive strength by the elastic wave velocity and elastic modulus is less used because of the composition of non-homogeneous particles of granite. Conclusion: In this study, the analysis of correlation between the compressive strength of a rock and the elastic wave velocity and elastic modulus was performed with simple regression analysis and multiple regression analysis. The coefficient determination ($R^2$) of simple regression analysis was shown between 0.61 and 0.67. Multiple regression analysis was 0.71. Thus, using multiple regression analysis when estimating compressive strength can increase the reliability of the correlation. Also, in the future, a variety of statistical analysis techniques such as recovery analysis, and artificial neural network analysis, and big data analysis can lead to more reliable results when estimating the compressive sterength of a rock based on the elastic wave velocity and elastic modulus.