• Title/Summary/Keyword: Laser diagnostics

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In Vivo Enhanced Indocyanine Green-Photothermal Therapy for a Subconjunctival Tumor

  • Kim, Chang Zoo;Lee, Sang Joon;Hwang, Sang Seok;Chae, Yu-Gyeong;Kwon, Daa Young;Ko, Taek Yong;Kim, Jun Hyeong;Jung, Min Jung;Masanganise, Rangarirai;Oak, Chulho;Ahn, Yeh-Chan
    • Current Optics and Photonics
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.311-321
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    • 2021
  • Indocyanine green (ICG) is a dye approved for use in clinical diagnostics. ICG remains in the intravascular space following intravenous administration, due to its ability to rapidly bind to the plasma proteins, and its therapeutic potential has been studied in well-vascularized cutaneous tumors. Here we have evaluated the clinical response of a subconjunctival tumor to photothermal therapy (PTT) using an ICG-enhanced near-infrared diode laser and its adverse effects, in a rabbit. 22 male New Zealand white rabbits with subconjunctival tumors were enrolled (control group 6, laser-only group 8, laser-with-ICG group 8). Rabbits in the laser-with-ICG group received ICG (twice, 2 mg/kg each time, intravenously) directly followed by irradiation with a diode laser (λ = 810 nm). Rabbits in the laser-only group were irradiated with the diode laser. ICG angiography, ultrasonography, and pathologic examination were performed to evaluate PTT response at specific time points (0, 2, and 4 weeks after PTT). Two weeks after initial treatment, the eight rabbits treated by laser with ICG showed a 100% response rate. There was no clinical response in both laser-only and control groups. ICG-PTT is a potential and effective palliative therapeutic modality for subconjunctival tumors.

Classification and search for novel binary acentric molybdate and wolfra-mate crystals

  • Atuchin, V.V.;Kidyarov, B.I.
    • Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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    • v.12 no.6
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    • pp.323-328
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    • 2002
  • The model of the shortest chemical bonds is applied for the classification of acentric simple and binary Mo(VI) and W(VI) oxides. It is shown that on the plane of the shortest chemical bonds the compounds are located into the rosette of three intersected ellipses. The correlation between the optical nonlinearity and combination of the bond lengths is discussed.

Plasma Diagnostics Using Laser Hologram (레이저 홀로그램을 이용한 플라즈마 진단)

  • Kim, Byeong-Hwan;Jeong, Jin-Su;Seo, Jun-Hyeon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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    • 2015.11a
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    • pp.182-182
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    • 2015
  • 레이저 홀로그램을 이용하여 $N_2$ 플라즈마를 진단하였다. 홀로그램 이미지에서 추출한 데이터는 optical emission spectroscopy와 langmuir probe로 측정한 데이터와 매우 유사한 경향성을 보였다. 이는 홀로그램 센서가 플라즈마의 전기 광학적 입자 정보를 제공할 수 있음을 의미한다. 홀로그램 안에 이 같은 정보가 저장될 수 있는 원리는 빛을 구성하는 양의 전하를 가지는 입자와 진공을 채우고 있는 음의 입자가 함께 형성하는 전자기적 에너지 필드의 형성에 있음을 밝힌다. 이러한 원리에 기초해서 그간 개발된 센서들을 소개한다.

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Surface Mass Imaging Technique for Nano-Surface Analysis

  • Lee, Tae Geol
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2013.02a
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    • pp.113-114
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    • 2013
  • Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) imaging is a powerful technique for producing chemical images of small biomolecules (ex. metabolites, lipids, peptides) "as received" because of its high molecular specificity, high surface sensitivity, and submicron spatial resolution. In addition, matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) imaging is an essential technique for producing chemical images of large biomolecules (ex. genes and proteins). For this talk, we will show that label-free mass imaging technique can be a platform technology for biomedical studies such as early detection/diagnostics, accurate histologic diagnosis, prediction of clinical outcome, stem cell therapy, biosensors, nanomedicine and drug screening [1-7].

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DIAGNOSTICS OF PLASMA INDUCED IN Nd:YAG LASER WELDING OF ALUMINUM ALLOY

  • Kim, Jong-Do;Lee, Myeong-Hoon;Kim, Young-Sik;Seiji Katayama;Akira Matsunawa
    • Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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    • 2002.10a
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    • pp.612-619
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    • 2002
  • The dynamic behavior of Al-Mg alloys plasma was very unstable and this instability was closely related to the unstable motion of keyhole during laser irradiation. The keyhole fluctuated both in size and shape and its fluctuation period was about 440 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. This instability has been estimated to be caused by the evaporation phenomena of metals with different boiling point and latent heats of vaporization. Therefore, the authors have conducted the spectroscopic diagnostics of plasma induced in the pulsed YAG laser welding of Al-Mg alloys in air and argon atmospheres. In the air environment, the identified spectra were atomic lines of Al, Mg, Cr, Mn, Cu, Fe and Zn, and singly ionized Mg line, as well as strong molecular spectrum of AlO, MgO and AIH. It was confirmed that the resonant lines of Al and Mg were strongly self-absorbed, in particular in the vicinity of pool surface. The self-absorption of atomic Mg line was more eminent in alloys containing higher Mg. These facts showed that the laser-induced plasma was relatively a low temperature and high density metallic vapor. The intensities of molecular spectra of AlO and MgO were different each other depending on the power density of laser beam. Under the low power density irradiation condition, the MgO band spectra were predominant in intensity, while the AlO spectra became much stronger in higher power density. In argon atmosphere the band spectra of MgO and AlO completely vanished, but AlH molecular spectra was detected clearly. The hydrogen source was presumably the hydrogen solved in the base Metal, absorbed water on the surface oxide layer or H$_2$ and $H_2O$ in the shielding gas. The temporal change in spectral line intensities was quite similar to the fluctuation of keyhole. The time average plasma temperature at 1 mm high above the surface of A5083 alloy was determined by the Boltzmann plot method of atomic Cr lines of different excitation energy. The obtained electron temperature was 3, 280$\pm$150 K which was about 500 K higher than the boiling point of pure aluminum. The electron number density was determined by measuring the relative intensities of the spectra1lines of atomic and singly ionized Magnesium, and the obtained value was 1.85 x 1019 1/㎥.

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Investigation on the Flow Field Characteristics of a Highly Underexpanded Pulsed Plasma Jet

  • Kim, Jong-Uk;Kim, Youn J.
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • v.15 no.12
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    • pp.1691-1698
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    • 2001
  • In recent years, significant progress has been made in modeling turbulence behavior in plasma and its effect on transport. It has also been made in diagnostics for turbulence measurement; however, there is still a large gap between theoretical model and experimental measurements. Visualization of turbulence can improve the connection to theory and validation of the theoretical model. One method to visualize the flow structures in plasma is a laser Schlieren imaging technique. We have recently applied this technique and investigated the characteristics of a highly underexpanded pulsed plasma jet originating from an electrothermal capillary source. Measurements include temporally resolved laser Schlieren imaging of a precursor blast wave. Analysis on the trajectory of the precursor blast wave shows that it does not follow the scaling expected for a strong shock resulting from the instantaneous deposition of energy at a point. However, the shock velocity does scale as the square root of the deposited energy, in accordance with the point deposition approximation.

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In-Line Hologram for Plasma Diagnostics

  • Kim, Byungwhan;Jung, Jin-Su
    • Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.524-529
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    • 2016
  • Diagnostic sensors are demanded during plasma processes. Holograms of plasma taken with laser light without a reference beam were used to monitor behaviors of charged particles produced in nitrogen plasma as a function of electrode temperature ranging between 50 and 300℃. Holograms were characterized as a function of the pixel sum and grayscale value. Pixel sum calculated in identified grayscale ranges strongly correlated with ion density and emitted light intensity measured with a langmuir probe and optical emission spectroscopy, respectively. The performance was further evaluated with data acquired as a function of N2 and NH3 flow rates and improved correlations were observed in the new grayscale range. The confirmed correlations indicate that a hologram is a viable means to diagnose behaviors of plasma particles such as ions. Underlying principles are discussed in view of particle and charge composing vacuum and light.

A Study on Neutral Atom Heating in Inductively Coupled Plasma

  • Seo, Byeong-Hun;Yu, Sin-Jae;Kim, Jeong-Hyeong;Seong, Dae-Jin;Jang, Hong-Yeong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2012.02a
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    • pp.178-178
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    • 2012
  • Neutral atom temperature was measured by Laser Rayleigh scattering method using neutral depletion by neutral heating with ideal gas law in Inductively coupled plasma. We observed sudden pressure change when plasma is turned on and off. We analyzed mechanism of neutral heating by employing zero-dimensional neutral and ion energy balance model simultaneously. The results showed that neutral atom temperature increase with ion density. The mechanism of neutral atom heating and cooling is mainly dominated by ion-neutral collision including elastic and charge-exchange collision and by wall cooling respectively.

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Analysis of nano-cluster formation in the PECVD process

  • Yun, Yongsup
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.37 no.2
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    • pp.144-148
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    • 2013
  • In this paper, the ultra water-repellent thin films were prepared by RF PECVD. On the basis of surface morphology, chemical bonding states and plasma diagnostics, a formation model of clusters for the ultra water-repellent films was discussed from considerations of formation process and laser scattering results. Moreover, using laser scattering method, the relative change of quantity of nano-clusters or size of agglomerates could be confirmed. From the results, the films were deposited with nano-clusters and those of agglomerates, which formed in organosilicon plasma, and formation of agglomerates were depended on the deposition time.

Study on Mobile Broadband Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectrometer For Combustion Diagnostics (연소진단용 이동형 광대역 코헤런트 반 스톡스 라만 분광기에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Chul-Woung;Park, Seung-Nam;Hahn, Jae-Won;Lee, Jong-Ung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.9-20
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    • 1996
  • We construct a mobile broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy system to measure the temperature of combustion gases. To improve the accuracy of CARS temperatures due to Stokes lasers, a modeless dye laser is constructed. A monochromator to disperse CARS spectra is also constructed in the spectrometer for easy portability. The accuracy of CARS temperature, measured in graphite tube furnace in reference to a radiation pyrometer, is better than 2 % from 1000 K to 2400 K. The CARS temperature error due to the variation of the spectral distribution of the modeless laser is measured to be less than 1.5 % during five hours operation. As a demonstration of combustion diagnosis, we applied the spectrometer to measure the temperature distribution of the propane air premixed flame.

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