• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제63권11호
• /
• pp.438-446
• /
• 2020

Background: Most developmental screening tools in Korea are adopted from foreign tests. To ensure efficient screening of infants and children in Korea, a nationwide screening tool with high reliability and validity is needed. Purpose: This study aimed to independently develop, standardize, and validate the Korean Developmental Screening Test for Infants and Children (K-DST) for screening infants and children for neurodevelopmental disorders in Korea. Methods: The standardization and validation conducted in 2012-2014 of 3,284 subjects (4-71 months of age) resulted in the first edition of the K-DST. The restandardization and revalidation performed in 2015-2016 of 3.06 million attendees of the National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children resulted in the revised K-DST. We analyzed inter-item consistency and test-retest reliability for the reliability analysis. Regarding the validation of K-DST, we examined the construct validity, sensitivity and specificity, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and a criterion-related validity analysis. Results: We ultimately selected 8 questions in 6 developmental domains. For most age groups and each domain, internal consistency was 0.73-0.93 and test-retest reliability was 0.77-0.88. The revised K-DST had high discriminatory ability with a sensitivity of 0.833 and specificity of 0.979. The test supported construct validity by distinguishing between normal and neurodevelopmentally delayed groups. The language and cognition domain of the revised K-DST was highly correlated with the K-Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II's Mental Age Quotient (r=0.766, 0.739), while the gross and fine motor domains were highly correlated with Motor Age Quotient (r=0.695, 0.668), respectively. The Verbal Intelligence Quotient of Korean Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scales of Intelligence was highly correlated with the K-DST cognition and language domains (r=0.701, 0.770), as was the performance intelligence quotient with the fine motor domain (r=0.700). Conclusion: The K-DST is reliable and valid, suggesting its good potential as an effective screening tool for infants and children with neurodevelopmental disorders in Korea.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.79-82
• /
• 2020

In epilepsy-aphasia spectrum (EAS) disorders, mutations in the glutamate receptor ionotropic N-methyl-D-aspartate type subunit 2A (GRIN2A) have become important for screening the disease. Research into the phenotypic variability of several types of neurologic impairment involving these mutations is in progress. However, the non-neurological problems related to these mutations are poorly understood. EAS disorders usually have epileptic, cognitive, or behavioral manifestations. In this case report, we present a female patient with epilepsy, delay in expressive language and social development, and intellectual disability with low intelligence quotient and memory quotient, but normal motor development. Through genetic analysis, she was found to have a missense and a nonsense mutation in GRIN2A (c.1770A>C; p.Lys509Asn and c.3187G>T; p.Glu1063∗, respectively) and we consider the nonsense mutation as 'pathogenic variant'. She was also discovered to have congenital hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency and Rathke's cleft cyst in the brain, which were previously unknown features of GRIN2A mutation. Our findings should widen understanding of the spectrum of GRIN2A phenotypes, and emphasize the need for more research into the association between GRIN2A mutations and non-neurologic clinical presentations.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.92-98
• /
• 2013

Objective: Constraint induced aphasia therapy (CIAT) is a more intensive form of language treatment for aphasia as compared to traditional treatments. This study examined whether there are differences in cortisol stress levels between the two methods of aphasia treatment as well as effects on language skills. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: A total of 20 participants with expressive aphasia were randomly placed into one of the two treatment groups. The CIAT group received 10 days of intensive treatment over two weeks. The traditional therapy group received 6 days of treatment over 2 weeks. All participants in each group provided salivary cortisol samples before treatment, at the mid-point of treatment, and at the conclusion of treatment. Language skills were assessed before treatment and at the conclusion of treatment. Results: A significantly higher proportion of individuals in the CIAT treatment group had increased salivary cortisol stress levels when compared to the traditional treatment group at the mid-point of the program (80% versus 30% respectively, p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the proportion of individuals with increased cortisol stress by the end of the treatment. Language scores for word repetition and overall aphasia quotient significantly improved for the CIAT group when compared to the traditional group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The CIAT treatment appears to initially create increased psychophysiological stress as compared to the traditional treatment. In spite of the initial increases in psychophysiological stress, participants appear to become conditioned to the challenge and ultimately have enhanced benefit from CIAT treatment.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.129-140
• /
• 2010

Objective: The aim of this study was to prove adjacent effect of Oriental Medical Therapy on aphasia after stroke. Method: We studied patients who took K-WAB (AQ; aphasia quotient) twice during their language therapy at Kyunghee University Hospital & Oriental Medicine Hospital to retrospectively investigate the effect of Oriental medical therapy on aphasia. 18 patients with post-stroke aphasia were assigned to receive one of the following adjuncts: Group A that received language therapy with Oriental medical therapy (n=12) and Group B (n=6) that received language therapy only; AQ score of Group A was compared against Group B. Result: Total AQ score and most partial scores, except 'Contents delivery', were better in Group A. 'Total AQ score', 'Fluency', and 'Auditory verbal comprehension score' presented statistical significance. Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrated the effect of Oriental medical therapy on aphasia after stroke through AQ score improvement.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제40권5호
• /
• pp.832-840
• /
• 2019

Objective: The aim of this case report was to present the effects of traditional Korean medicine on a patient with Broca's aphasia associated with cerebral hemorrhage after middle cerebral artery infarction. Methods: The Korean version of the Western Aphasia Battery (K-WAB) and the Evaluation of Articulator Performance were used to evaluate the language functions of the patient. Herbal medication and acupuncture were administered to improve the patient's symptoms. Results: The inpatient and outpatient treatments improved the patient's symptoms. The aphasia quotient (AQ) score of the K-WAB test before treatment was 6.4, but it increased to 21.4 after treatment. The Evaluation of Articulator Performance score improved by 0.0 points before treatment, by 1.0 points after 9 days of treatment, and by 1.5 points after 42 days of treatment. Conclusions: This case report suggest that Korean medical therapy can be effective in improving the language functions of patients with Broca's aphasia.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제9권12호
• /
• pp.891-899
• /
• 2009

유아/초등학생용 UI design의 부재와 창의력 교육 서비스 시장에서 On-line과 Off-line상의 교육부분 모두를 만족시키고 창의력 개발을 극대화 시켜주는 교육프로그램과 컨텐츠가 요구되고 있다. 이러한 창의력(조형) 개발 교육 프로그램의 다양한 활용을 위해서 On-line과 Off-line상의 교육을 병행할 수 있는 컨텐츠와 교재/교구(이하:크레키즈 Cre-kids)의 개발이 필요하다. 크레키즈는 창의성 4요소(유창성, 융통성, 독창성, 정교성)를 증진시킬 수 있는 4가지 영역별로 나누어져있다. 4가지 영역은 (1)언어적 발상, (2)시각적 발상, (3)만들기 발상, (4)컴퓨터 발상으로 되어있다. 영역을 통하여 아이들에게 체계적으로 조형발상능력을 키워주며 4가지의 영역을 다시 유창성, 융통성, 독창성, 정교성 4사 분면으로 나누며 각각의 분면을 평가하고 이것을 지수로 나타낸다. 이것을 CDQ(Creativity Design Quotient) 라고 할 수 있으며 각 컨텐츠에 대한 평가 결과를 토대로 하여 조형 창의력 지수에 대한 연구가 가능 할 것이다.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.23-30
• /
• 2009

프로그래밍 학습 효과에 관한 기존 연구는 대개 창의력과 문제해결력의 향상도를 측정하는 것에 국한되어 있다. 본 연구는 이들 두 요소 외의 관련 요소들을 초등학생들의 특기적성 검사를 통하여 찾아보는 연구이다. 이를 위하여 초등 4학년을 대상으로 LOGO 프로그래밍 교육을 시행한 후 성취도 평가를 실시한 결과, 4개 영역으로 구성된 특기적성 검사 항목들 중 지적능력만이 하위 5개의 세부항목 모두 프로그래밍 능력과 높은 양의 상관관계가 있음이 밝혀졌으므로, 창의성 보다는 지적능력이 뛰어난 학생들이 프로그래밍 능력이 우수함을 알 수 있었고, 이는 본 연구의 실험 환경에 국한하여 프로그래밍 학습이 문제해결력과 창의성 발달에 긍정적 영향을 미친다는 기존 연구 결과의 반대 명제는 성립하지 않음을 나타낸 것이다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.206-219
• /
• 2023

Objectives: Screen time refers to the time spent using screen media, such as televisions, smartphones, computers, or tablets. Excessive exposure to screen media has been reported to negatively impact young children's health and development, including overweight, short sleep duration, and language delays. This study examined the association of screen time and mealtime media use with dietary behaviors among preschool children. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on parents of children aged three to five years using the online questionnaires of the Nutrition Quotient for Preschoolers (NQ-P) and the Dietary Screening Test (DST). Data from 261 children's parents were analyzed. Results: Of the 261 children, 96.9% used screen media, 55.6% used screen media for two hours or more daily, and 30.7% were exposed to screen media during meals. The NQ-P scores were significantly lower in the children with longer screen time and mealtime media use. Children who used screen media for two hours or more and those exposed to screen media during meals consumed kimchi less frequently and confectionery and sugar-sweetened beverages more frequently than children who used less than two hours and were not exposed to screen media during meals. In addition, they were more likely to be picky about food, refuse to eat, and less likely to feed themselves than children with shorter screen time and no mealtime media use. Conclusions: This study reported an association between unhealthy dietary behaviors, feeding difficulties, and screen time and mealtime media use among preschool children. Further research should explore effective strategies for reducing children's screen time.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.137-142
• /
• 2012

The aim of this study is to investigate the usefulness of the multiple-choice name matching test (MC-NMT) in adults with aphasia by comparing the Korean version of the Boston Naming Test (K-BNT) and subsets of the Korean version of the Western Aphasia Battery (K-WAB). Thirty-nine patients who suffer from aphasia participated in the study. All patients were examined by the K-BNT, MC-NMT and K-WAB. The MC-NMT consisted of the 30 original BNT object stimuli which were presented with four response choices (written words) with similar frequency, including one correct and three incorrect responses. Cards containing the drawings were presented to the patient one at time. An item was passed if the patient chose the correct response within 10 seconds. We subdivided two groups into a total group and a low K-BNT group (at and below 15 points). We evaluated the correlation between the K-BNT, MC-NMT score and production, naming, repetition, comprehension, reading and writing scores in subsets of the K-WAB. There was a highly positive correlation between the K-BNT score and naming score of the K-WAB in total patients. However, the MC-NMT was highly correlated with reading scores in the K-WAB. In low score K-BNT patients, the K-BNT strongly correlated with production, naming and repetition scores of the K-WAB. These findings mean that K-BNT reflects motor language function. However, the MC-NMT was strong correlated comprehension, reading and writing of the K-WAB. This finding reflects sensory language function. We suggest that the combination of K-BNT and newly developed MC-NMT will be useful to evaluate speech functions in aphasic patients.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제13권11호
• /
• pp.322-331
• /
• 2013

최신 정보기술(IT)을 이용하여 웹(web) 기반으로 동작하는 치매 예방용 융합교육 콘텐츠를 개발하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 사전 준비단계로 치매관련 국내 외 문헌분석 및 산업체 요구분석을 통해 개발 범위를 규정하였고, 이를 근거로 프로그램을 작성하였다. 개선단계에서는 다양한 분야의 전문가들과 함께 수정 작업을 거쳐 프로그램의 완성도를 최대화 하였다. 본 프로그램 개발내용을 요약하면, 첫째, 통합교육 및 융합교육의 교육학적 이론과 관련 전문가로부터 타당성 검증을 통해 645지능계발 모형을 개발한 후 "사물을 가리어 판단할 만한 지각"을 뜻하는 순 우리말인 "가리사니" 모형이라 명명하였다. 둘째, 웹기반 좌뇌 훈련 융합교육으로 수리영역에 "길 찾기" 및 "선 잇기"와 언어영역에 "문자 찾기(I, II)" 프로그램을 개발하였다. 셋째, 웹기반 우뇌 훈련 융합교육으로 주의영역에 "나의 자동차 찾기" 및 "시각 훈련"과 인지영역에 "사물추리" 및 "그림비교" 프로그램을 개발하였다. 넷째, 웹기반 좌 우뇌 훈련 융합교육으로 공간지각영역에 "펜토미노" 및 "BQ마제"(Brain Quotient와 maze 합성어)와 기억영역에 "시각 훈련" 프로그램을 개발하였다. 다섯째, 연구결과를 종합하여 총 52주 차시의 영역별 융합교육 운영 프로그램을 제시하였다.