• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.227-236
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• 2020

Expansive soils are renowned for their swelling-shrinkage property and these volumetric changes resultantly cause huge damage to civil infrastructures. Likewise, subgrades consisting of expansive soils instigate serviceability failures in pavements across various regions of Pakistan and worldwide. This study presents the use of polypropylene fibers to improve the engineering properties of a local swelling soil. The moisture-density relationship, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and elastic modulus (E₅₀), California bearing ratio (CBR) and one-dimensional consolidation behavior of the soil treated with 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8% fibers have been investigated in this study. It is found that the maximum dry density of reinforced soil slightly decreased by 2.8% due to replacement of heavier soil particles by light-weight fibers and the optimum moisture content remained almost unaffected due to non-absorbent nature of the fibers. A significant improvement has been observed in UCS (an increase of 279%), E₅₀ (an increase of 113.6%) and CBR value (an increase of 94.4% under unsoaked and an increase of 55.6% under soaked conditions) of the soil reinforced with 0.4% fibers, thereby providing a better quality subgrade for the construction of pavements on such soils. Free swell and swell pressure of the soil also significantly reduced (94.4% and 87.9%, respectively) with the addition of 0.8% fibers and eventually converting the medium swelling soil to a low swelling class. Similarly, the compression and rebound indices also reduced by 69.9% and 88%, respectively with fiber inclusion of 0.8%. From the experimental evaluations, it emerges that polypropylene fiber has great potential as a low cost and sustainable stabilizing material for widespread swelling soils.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.33 no.1_2
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• pp.173-183
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• 2015

A radio k-labeling f of a graph G is a function f from V (G) to $Z^+{\cup}\{0\}$ such that $d(x,y)+{\mid}f(x)-f(y){\mid}{\geq}k+1$ for every two distinct vertices x and y of G, where d(x, y) is the distance between any two vertices $x,y{\in}G$. The span of a radio k-labeling f is denoted by sp(f) and defined as max$\{{\mid}f(x)-f(y){\mid}:x,y{\in}V(G)\}$. The radio k-labeling is a radio labeling when k = diam(G). In other words, a radio labeling is an injective function $f:V(G){\rightarrow}Z^+{\cup}\{0\}$ such that $${\mid}f(x)=f(y){\mid}{\geq}diam(G)+1-d(x,y)$$ for any pair of vertices $x,y{\in}G$. The radio number of G denoted by rn(G), is the lowest span taken over all radio labelings of the graph. When k = diam(G) - 1, a radio k-labeling is called a radio antipodal labeling. An antipodal labeling for a graph G is a function $f:V(G){\rightarrow}\{0,1,2,{\ldots}\}$ such that $d(x,y)+{\mid}f(x)-f(y){\mid}{\geq}diam(G)$ holds for all $x,y{\in}G$. The radio antipodal number for G denoted by an(G), is the minimum span of an antipodal labeling admitted by G. In this paper, we investigate the exact value of the radio number and radio antipodal number for the circulant graphs G(4k + 2; {1, 2}).

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.809-818
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• 2018

We study those integral domains in which every proper ideal can be written as an invertible ideal multiplied by a nonempty product of proper radical ideals.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.757-762
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• 2008

In this paper, we generalize a few results of [7, 10] for lower radical classes of rings, by using the limit ordinal construction for lower radical classes of hemirings.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.379-382
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• 2015

The purpose of this note is to study the estimation of errors of the implicit Mann iterative process with random errors.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.301-307
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• 2018

In this research work, synthesis of sugarcane bagasse/zinc aluminium biocomposite and apple peel/zinc aluminium biocomposite and their application for removal of Reactive Red-241 and Acid Orange-7, respectively, was studied using various parameters. At pH 2 the sorption was the highest for both dyes. The trend showed that the dye sorption declined by decreasing the biocomposite dose and enhanced by increasing the dye concentration and temperature. Equilibrium was achieved at 60 minutes for Reactive Red-241 onto sugarcane bagasse/zinc aluminium biocomposite and 90 minutes for Acid Orange-7 onto apple peel/zinc aluminium biocomposite.The research data was good fitted to pseudo-2nd-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm. FT-IR analysis was used to confirm the biosorption of the selected dyes at the surface of biosorbent through various binding sites. Surface morphology modification of both biocomposites before and after biosorption was inspected through SEM. Crystallinity of biocomposite was examined through XRD analysis. It was implied that sugarcane bagasse/ zinc aluminium biocomposite and apple peel/ zinc aluminium biocomposite are good adsorbents for dyes elimination from aqueous solutions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6243-6247
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• 2015

Background: Thyroid cancer (TC) is a more common endocrine malignancy in females and is a major cause of death in developing countries. Therefore the aim of this study was to explore possible risk factors of thyroid cancer in females of Pakistan. Materials and Methods: This study covered 232 females, including 127 (54.7%) cases and 105 (45.2%) controls, from the INMOL Hospital and Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore. Different risk factors were explored by the descriptive and inferentially statistics. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for different risk factors were computed using logistic regression. Results: The results showed six risk factors, marital status, family history of thyroid cancer, iodine in the diet, oxidative stress, fast food and fried food, to demonstrate positive significant links to thyroid cancer (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of :2.152, 1.104-4.198; 2.630, 1.416-4.887; 2.391, 1.282-4.458; 4.115, 2.185-7.750; 3.656, 1.851-7.223; 2.357, 1.268-4.382; and 2.360, 1.199-4.643, respectively). Conclusions: The Oxidative stress, marital status, family history of cancer, fast food, use of iodine diet and fried food are the risk factors of thyroid cancer in females.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1725-1727
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• 2016

Breast cancer contributes to approximately 23% of the cancer cases identified and 14% of cancer related deaths worldwide. Including a strong association between genetic and environmental factors, breast cancer is a complex and multi factorial disorder. Two high penetration breast cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) have been identified, and germ line mutations in these are thought to account for between 5% and 10% of all breast cancer cases. The human BRCA1 gene, located on 17q, is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation by aiding in DNA repair, transcriptional responses to DNA damage and cell cycle check points. Mutations in this gene enhance cell proliferation and facilitate formation of tumors. Two mutations, the 185 deletion of AG and the 4627 substitution from C to A, are founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene for breast cancer in Asian populations. Allele specific PCR was performed to detect these selected mutations in 120 samples. No mutation of 4627 C to A was detected in the samples and only one of the patients had the 185 del AG mutation in the heterozygous condition. Our collected samples had lower consanguinity and family history indicating the greater involvement of environmental as compared to genetic factors.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1671-1674
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• 2015

Cancer genomics and proteomics have undergone considerable broadening in the past decades and increasingly it is being realized that solid/liquid phase microarrays and high-throughput resequencing have provided platforms to improve our existing knowledge of determinants of cancer development, progression and survival. Loss of apoptosis is a widely and deeply studied process and different approaches are being used to restore apoptosis in resistant cancer phenotype. Modulating the balance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins is essential to induce apoptosis. It is becoming more understood that pharmacological inhibition of the proteasome might prove to be an effective option in improving TRAIL induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Keeping in view rapidly accumulating evidence of carcinogenesis, metastasis, resistance against wide ranging therapeutics and loss of apoptosis, better knowledge regarding tumor suppressors, oncogenes, pro-apoptotic and anti-apotptic proteins will be helpful in translating the findings from benchtop to bedside.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.975-978
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• 2012

P63 is a gene product required in cell cycle regulation which plays vital roles in tumor differentiation. Aims of the present study were to assess the frequency, pattern, sensitivity and specificity of two p63 protein clones P63 4A4 and P63 4A4+Y4A3 in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Thirty cases of head and neck region SCC diagnosed on the basis of H&E staining were examined along with 60 cases of head and neck region biopsies other than squamous cell carcinoma, negative on H&E staining, were taken as control. Immunostaining was performed on slides according to the Thermo Scientific UltraVision LP detection System. P63 4A4+Y4A3 clone is more sensitive 96.6% in comparison to 86% in P63 4A4 with having greater NPV of 98.3%. The results signify the importance of P63 4A4+Y4A3 marker over the old markers and may be used as a confirmatory marker of squamous cell carcinoma.