• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2004

This study describes the analysis results of unsteady cavitating flows behavior inside nozzle of the prototype piezo-driven injector. This piezo-driven injector has been recognised as one of the next generation diesel injector due to a higher driven efficiency than the conventional solenoid-driven injector. The three dimensional geometry model along the central cross-section regarding of one injection hole has been used to simulate the cavitating flows for injection time by at fully transient simulation with cavitation model. The cavitation model incorporates many of the fundamental physical processes assumed to take place in cavitating flows. The simulations performed were both fully transient and 'pseudo' steady state, even if under steady state boundary conditions. We could analyze the effect the pressure drop to the sudden acceleration of fuel, which is due to the fastest response of needle, on the degree of cavitation existed in piezo-driven injector nozzle

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권9호
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• pp.3367-3382
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• 2023

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is a Lagrangian computational fluid dynamics method that has been widely used in the analysis of physical phenomena characterized by large deformation or multi-phase flow analysis, including free surface. Despite the recent implementation of eddy-viscosity models in SPH methodology, sophisticated turbulent analysis using Lagrangian methodology has been limited due to the lack of computational performance and numerical consistency. In this study, we implement the standard and dynamic Smagorinsky model and dynamic Vreman model as sub-particle scale models based on a weakly compressible SPH solver. The large eddy simulation method is numerically identical to the spatial discretization method of smoothed particle dynamics, enabling the intuitive implementation of the turbulence model. Furthermore, there is no additional filtering process required for physical variables since the sub-grid scale filtering is inherently processed in the kernel interpolation. We simulate lid-driven flow under transition and turbulent conditions as a benchmark. The simulation results show that the dynamic Vreman model produces consistent results with experimental and numerical research regarding Reynolds averaged physical quantities and flow structure. Spectral analysis also confirms that it is possible to analyze turbulent eddies with a smaller length scale using the dynamic Vreman model with the same particle size.

• 천문학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.87-98
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• 2014

We develop a parallel cosmological hydrodynamic simulation code designed for the study of formation and evolution of cosmological structures. The gravitational force is calculated using the TreePM method and the hydrodynamics is implemented based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics. The initial displacement and velocity of simulation particles are calculated according to second-order Lagrangian perturbation theory using the power spectra of dark matter and baryonic matter. The initial background temperature is given by Recfast and the temperature uctuations at the initial particle position are assigned according to the adiabatic model. We use a time-limiter scheme over the individual time steps to capture shock-fronts and to ease the time-step tension between the shock and preshock particles. We also include the astrophysical gas processes of radiative heating/cooling, star formation, metal enrichment, and supernova feedback. We test the code in several standard cases such as one-dimensional Riemann problems, Kelvin-Helmholtz, and Sedov blast wave instability. Star formation on the galactic disk is investigated to check whether the Schmidt-Kennicutt relation is properly recovered. We also study global star formation history at different simulation resolutions and compare them with observations.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1991

본 연구에서는 고속 대변형 탄소성 변형 과정을 해석할 수 있는 프로그램(NET )을 개발하고 이것을 실린더 및 링 성형 문제에 적용하여 마찰 및 관성 효과가 변형 거동에 미치는 영향을 규명하여 보았다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.330-340
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• 2005

Compressible two-phase flow is analyzed based on the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation. For water, Tamman type stiffened equation of state is used. Numerical fluxes are calculated using the ALE two-phase Godunov scheme which assumes only that the speed of sound and pressure can be provided whenever density and internal energy are given. Effects of the approximations of a material interface speed are Investigated h method Is suggested to assign a rigid body boundary condition effectively To validate the developed code, several well-known problems are calculated and the results are compared with analytic or other numerical solutions including a single material Sod shock tube problem and a gas/water shock tube problem The code is applied to analyze the refraction and transmission of shock waves which are impacting on a water-gas interface from gas or water medium.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 1998년도 춘계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.1-14
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• 1998

Underwater explosion properties for TNT, an ideal explosive, and DXD-04, a nonideal explosive, were numerically modeled with a one-dimensional Lagrangian hydrodynamic code. The equation of state parameters for detonation products for TNT and DXD-04 were obtained from the BKW code, assuming complete reaction. Burn of TNT was modeled by using the Chapman-Jouguet(CJ) volume burn technique, a programmed-burn technique, assuming instantaneous detonation reaction. Burn of DXD-04 was modeled by using the same technique and by using the reaction rate calibrated from two-dimensional steady-state detonation experiments. The calculations for TNT reproduced the experimental peak pressure of the shock wave propagating through water with an error of $3.0\%$ and the experimental oscillation period of the bubble formed of detonation products with an error of $2.3\%$. For DXD-04, the CJ volume burn technique could not reproduce the experimental observations. When the reaction rate calibrated from two-dimensional steady-state detonation experimental data, the calculated peak pressure was slightly higher by $7.3\%$ than the experimental data, but the calculated shock profile was in good agreement. The bubble period was reproduced with an error of $1.8\%$. These results demonstrated that underwater explosion properties for an ideal explosive can be predicted by using a programmed burn technique, and that, however, those for a nonideal explosive can be predicted only when a well-calibrated reaction rate is used.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.8-22
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• 2015

지금까지 인젝터의 수치적 시뮬레이션은 대부분 Eulerian 기법의 바탕위에서 이루어져 왔다. 그러나 액체제트의 미립화현상과 복잡한 공기와의 경계면 변화를 나타내는데 있어 기존의 기법들이 갖는 선천적인 단점이 존재하며 따라서 본 연구에서는 새로운 Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)라는 입자 기법을 도입하였다. 수치적 시뮬레이션을 위해 먼저 해석을 위한 SPH 코드를 개발하였으며 본 논문에서는 인젝터 문제를 정확하게 나타내는데 있어 필수적인 알고리즘중 하나인 다상유동모사에 대한 검증문제가 제시 되어 있다. 마지막으로 다양한 인젝터 종류 중 하나인 액체-액체 동축형 스월 인젝터에 대한 시뮬레이션이 수행되었으며 실제실험과의 비교를 진행하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2004년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.111-118
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• 2004

For the precise analysis of high velocity impact problem though FEM with element erosive method, the adequate mesh size and critical equivalent plastic strain(EQPS) is chosen prior to the simulation. In this research, it is strongly required from a standpoint that critical EQPS is used to decide whether perforation occurs or not. The optimization of dual armor plate consisting of 4340 steel and 2024 aluminium against a die steel sphere with high-velocity has been suggested using Lagrangian explicit time-integration code, NET2D. The response surface method based on the design of experiment is utilized for the size optimization. The optimized thickness of each layer, in which perforation does not occur, the strength of multi-layer is maximized and total weight is minimized, is obtained at a constant velocity of a pellet with a designated total thickness.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.60-66
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• 1999

This study is to develop design sensitivity analysis method based on continuum theory for the actual buckling load of vehicle passenger compartment with respect to sizing design variables. For nonlinear structural analysis, both geometric and material nonlinear effects are considered. The total Lagrangian formulation for incremental equilibrium analysis and one-point linear eigenvalue problem for buckling analysis are utilized. Numerical methods are presented to evaluate design sensitivity expressions, using structural analysis results from FEM code. Optical design of vehicle passenger compartment with buckling constraint solved using Gradient projection method.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.702-713
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• 1998

The characteristics of flow and particle collection for an electrocyclone with a central wire inside a high efficiency Stairmand cyclone was numerically analysed. Turbulent flow field was modeled by the Reynolds stress model and solved with an FVM code FLUENT. Particle motion and in-situ charging were simultaneously solved by a Lagrangian integration with time. The flow field obtained was in good agreement with experiments in the outer region. The characteristics of collection enhancement due to electric force were well manifested and well explained based on first principles. The effect of the in-situ charging process was very similar to the case of a simplified assumption of saturated charging, and the effect of the hopper was proved negligible.