• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.1150-1169
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• 2023

Edible insects are gaining popularity as a potential future food source because of their high protein content and efficient use of space. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are noteworthy because they can be used as feed for various animals including reptiles, dogs, fish, chickens, and pigs. However, if the edible insect industry is to advance, we should use automation to reduce labor and increase production. Consequently, there is a growing demand for sensing technologies that can automate the evaluation of insect quality. This study used short-wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging to predict the proximate composition of dried BSFL, including moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and crude ash content. The larvae were dried at various temperatures and times, and images were captured using an SWIR camera. A partial least-squares regression (PLSR) model was developed to predict the proximate content. The SWIR-based hyperspectral camera accurately predicted the proximate composition of BSFL from the best preprocessing model; moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and crude ash content were predicted with high accuracy, with R² values of 0.89 or more, and root mean square error of prediction values were within 2%. Among preprocessing methods, mean normalization and max normalization methods were effective in proximate prediction models. Therefore, SWIR-based hyperspectral cameras can be used to create automated quality management systems for BSFL.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.15-31
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of patient safety incidents (PSIs) related to nursing and to provide primary data for preventing the recurrence of similar incidents. Methods: This secondary analysis study included damage claims rulings filed for clinical negligence from 2014 to 2018 that contained the keyword 'nurse'. It excluded judgments irrelevant to nursing care and in which clinical negligence or causal damages were overruled. A total of 93 cases were analyzed. The characteristics of PSIs were derived through descriptive statistics, and two instances of nursing-related PSIs were examined by qualitative content analysis focusing on root causes. Results: The analysis of PSIs related to nursing suggested that the medical institutions where the PSIs occurred most frequently were hospitals, and the most common types of PSIs were medication, surgery, and treatment/procedure, in that order. In addition, it indicated that nursing-related PSIs occurred most frequently in general wards during the day shift, with the most common related nursing practice being managing potential risk factors. The qualitative analysis showed that careless monitoring and institutional inertia were causes of PSIs. Conclusion: To prevent nursing-related PSIs, nurses need to individually monitor and assess patient conditions. In addition, support should be accompanied by the improvement in the systems in place aimed at preventing the recurrence of nursing-related PSIs at the institutional and national level, such as securing appropriate nursing personnel and improving labor conditions.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.62-65
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• 2024

Dystocia, a challenging condition in obstetrics, can arise from various causes, including fetal monsters with structural abnormalities. This case report presents a unique case of dystocia due to a fetal monster known as Perosomus Elumbis in a beetal breed goat from Pakistan. The 4-years-old pregnant doe presented with prolonged straining and failure to deliver the fetus after 8 hours of labor. Upon examination, the cervix was dilated, and only the forelimbs of the fetus were visible in the birth canal. The subsequent delivery involved the application of manual traction by using a dystocia kit, and the removal of edematous fluid from the legs. The monster fetus exhibited absence of hair growth, along with the absence of thoracic vertebrae. Two other fetuses were present, with one found dead and the other alive. Posttreatment involved fluid therapy, antibiotics, and supportive care for the doe. This case report sheds light on the occurrence of Perosomus Elumbis fetal monsters and their impact on dystocia in goat breeding. Understanding the underlying causes and implementing appropriate management strategies are crucial for successful outcomes in similar cases.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2024

Background: This study aimed to investigate whether there is a difference in organizational member attitudes by workplace environment and workplace types in dental hygienists working at dental health centers. Methods: A face-to-face survey or online survey was administered to dental hygienists working at dental health centers, and a total of 95 subjects were included. The survey includes 13 items to ask factors affecting employee's job satisfaction. Also, some questions were included to assess perception of organizational member attitude: five about organizational citizenship behavior, two about innovative behavior, and four about organizational commitment. Results: Dental hygienists working at dental clinics were more satisfied with their incomes and numbers of working days, while those from dental university hospitals and general hospitals were more satisfied with education support. In addition, hygienists working at dental hospitals were more satisfied with job autonomy, individual work capability, safe working environment, personal relation, potential for personal development, and positive labor-management relations, compared to those working at general and university hospitals (p<0.05). Among the items about perception of organizational member attitudes, the scores of items about organizational citizenship behaviors were higher, whereas the scores of items about innovative behaviors were relatively lower. Individuals working at dental hospitals than those working at general and university hospitals, chiefs and team and department leaders than team members, and those with increased satisfaction with current workplace had more positive perception of organizational member attitudes. Conclusion: For dental hygienists to have positive attitudes as organizational members, working environment should be improved, and executives of dental healthcare centers should pay attention to improving job satisfaction of organizational members. Moreover, since dental hygienists need to improve their perception of innovative behaviors and citizenship behaviors to strengthen specialty of dental hygienists in a changing dental healthcare, relevant training should be addressed in refresher courses or school programs.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2015

후쿠시마 원전 사고 이후 수질 내 방사성 오염에 대한 국민들의 관심이 크게 높아졌다. 이에 따라 해외에서는 인체에 영향을 줄 수 있는 먹는 물 속 방사성물질 분석과 관리에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되었다. 그리고 국내에서도 환경부령 제553호로 "먹는 물 수질기준 및 검사 등에 관한 규칙" 제 2조 수질기준을 규정하여 먹는 물 속 방사성농도의 감시를 하고 있으며 최근에는 염지하수 뿐 아니라 공공수역까지 범위를 확대하여 효율적인 관리를 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재 국내에서 시행되고 있는 먹는 물 관리 시스템이 좀 더 나은 관리 및 운영이 될 수 있도록 미국 EPA(환경보호청) 사례를 분석해 보고자 하였다. 그 결과 미국 EPA(환경보호청)에서는 조사핵종을 선정할 시에 자국의 지질화학적인 조사와 원자력 발전소 보유현황 그리고 인공방사성 핵종의 사용유무 등을 조사하고 추가적으로 인간이 연간 먹는 물로 인하여 피폭 받을 수 있는 최대오염농도(0.1 mSv/y)를 고려함으로써 ${\alpha}$ 방출체, ${\beta}/{\gamma}$ 방출체, 라돈 및 우라늄으로 구분지어 핵종을 선정한 후 관리하고 있다. 조사주기 면에서는 미국 EPA(환경보호청)의 MCL(Maximum Contaminant Level - 최대오염농도)과 RDL(Required Detection Level - 검출하한치) 이라는 개념을 정립함으로써 그 이상의 농도가 검출되지 않도록 유지 및 관리를 하고 있다. 여기서 최대오염농도는 권고된 수치 이상의 농도가 측정 될 시에 특별한 관리조치와 해결방안이 제시되어야 하는 반면 검출하한치는 이 수치 이하로 측정된 방사성 농도는 인체에 영향이 없거나 거의 미미하므로 검출되었다 할지라도 특별한 조치가 필요 없다는 것이다. 예를 들어 최대오염농도 이상의 농도가 검출 될 시에는 기존에 조사해오던 주기보다 더 자주 측정하고 검출하한치 이하의 농도로 측정될 시에는 전에 해오던 주기대로 측정 및 관리를 하는 것이다. 이러한 각 핵종에 대하여 각각의 기준치를 정하고 미국 EPA(환경보호청)에서는 각 주(state)에 권한을 일임하여 자국의 주요 하천을 나누어 로드맵을 만들어 관리를 하고 있다. 그리고 그렇게 분류된 지역은 인력 및 예산에 맞게 HPGe, 형광검출기(NaI) 및 TLD 등의 검출기 등을 사용하여 효율적으로 측정값을 얻어 관리하고 있다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.52-79
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• 2002

The hospital is characterized by it's remarkable labor industry and human resources input by unit. Recently, the administrative personnel are recognized as an important staff to provide a hospital guidance to consumer and also easiness for consumer's visit to hospital. The purpose of this study is to find the organizational effectiveness of the administrative personnel in hospitals. The survey data involved in the study was derived from 229 personnels working in 3 medium and small sized hospitals and 1 university hospital in Inchon area. The major finding are as follows; 1. The organizational efficiency in accordance with the general characteristics of subjects in order of over 31 years of age, university graduates, long-term tenure and high position is higher, whereas, in as much as wage and well trained personnels in are higher, general hospital's organizational efficiency is higher in comparison with those of university hospital. 2. The organizational efficiency in accordance with satisfaction and the psychological motive contributional factors is higher as much as the high satisfactory level in every hospitals in general. 3. The organizational efficiency in accordance with the factors of job characteristics is higher in as much as difficulty of the jobs is lesser, however there was not statically significance. In as much as job standard level is higher and the more job responsibility the higher organizational efficiency. It was obvious that the higher professional expertise as well as the training and application level are improving the organizational efficiency. 4. The organizational efficiency in accordance with the factors of structural characteristics was higher in as much as the intercommunication was smooth and the structural formalization level are higher, however there was not statically significance between the participation level of decision making and the organizational efficiency. 5. In as much as older age, management of organization and the job level are satisfied, the higher structural formalization level, the smooth intercommunication have affected as major influence factors of organizational efficiency. 6. In the university hospitals is satisfied in the management and job level of hospital organization as there are no difficult jobs while the level of hospital's organizational formality is high and the intercommunication is smooth, which are improving the organizational efficiency. In the general hospitals is also satisfied the management and job level of hospital organization and psychological motive contributional factors is higher, it was apparent that the organizational efficiency is higher in as much as the level of job standardization is high and the intercommunication is smooth. As a result of this study, in order for improving the organizational efficiency of administrative personnel in hospitals, the management and job level as well as personal relation are preferably satisfied, whereas formalization of organization, intercommunication and etc. should be satisfied, and, therefore, it is advisable to buildup discriminated organizational management and environment for different division on the basis above factors. Since this study is carried on four hospitals in Inchon area, there is a certain limit to generalize its result to all domestic hospitals, nevertheless the gallop poll was made by developing the questionnaires with reasonability and reliability. Especially. as the study was carried by analyzing the comparison of influence factors' difference of organizational efficiency in accordance with the divisional characteristics of the university and general hospitals.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2014

Purpose. For a more efficient hospital management, this study aims to provide basic data so that the hospital management and staff in charge of hospital administration may systematically classify and collect hospital information, by analyzing the ordinary characters of an upper-level general hospital system and its common-type balance sheet, common-type profit and loss statement and financial ratio. Methods. By using information about an upper-level general hospital in C Province, provided by Alio(www.alio.go.kr), a public organization information provision site, Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service(www.hira.or.kr) and Ministry of Health and Welfare(www.mw.go.kr), this study analyzed 3 year's data from 2010 to 2012 and provided basic data by analyzing the ordinary characters of an upper-level general hospital system, and its common-type balance sheet, common-type profit and loss statement and financial ratio. Results. After analyzing the ordinary characters, common-type balance sheet, common-type proft and loss statement and financial ration of this general hospital, based on the 2010 to 2012 data, this study came to the following conclusions. Firstly, out of all the 1,069 hospital staff, there were 272 doctors working for 24 medical departments, out of whom the majority was 33 physicians. Most of the nurses were third-class ones, and about 2,000 outpatients and 600 inpatients on average were treated per day. Secondly, as a result of analyzing the common-type balance sheet, this study discovered that intangible assets out of fixed assets accounted for 41%, the majority, out of which usable and profitable donation asset buildings were of great importance, and the liquid assets increased more in 2012 than 2011. In the financial structure, the ratio of liquid liabilities was over 50% out of all the liabilities in 2012, and the ratio of purchase payables was high as well. The ratio of fixed liabilities reached up to 40%, out of which the retirement benefit appropriation fund was quite high. The capital was over 80%, but the surplus was in a deficit state. Compared to the capital, the ratio of total liabilities was about 90%, which indicates the financial structure of this general hospital was vulnerable. Thirdly, as a result of analyzing the common-type profit and loss statement, this study found out that the medical profits from inpatients were higher than profits from outpatients. The material cost was related to the medical quality of this general hospital, and it was as high as 30% out of the total costs and was about 45% of the labor cost. This general hospital showed 10% in the ratio of non-medical profits, and it seemed because of government subsidies. The ratios of medical profits and current net income were gradually changing for the better in 2012, compared to 2011. Lastly, as a result of analyzing the financial ratio, it was found that the liquidity ratio kept decreasing, from 110.7% in 2010 and 102.0% in 2011 to 77.2% in 2012. Besides, it was analyzed that the liquidity ratio and the net working capital ratio greatly decreased, while the quick ratio and the liquid ratio kept decreasing. Conclusions. 1. It is necessary to take the risk management into more consideration, and particularly, it is needed to differentiate and manage the levels of risk in detail. 2. By considering the fact that investments into hospital infrastructures were mostly based on liabilities, it is needed to deal with the scale of losses when evaluating risks. 3. By reflecting the character that investments into hospital infrastructures were based on liabilities, it is necessary to consider the ratio of ordinary profits as well as the ratio of operating profits to sales, and it is also important to consider sales productivity factors, such as the sales amount per a sickbed, by comparing them with other hospitals. As for limitations of this study, there may be some problems in terms of data interpretation because of the lack of information about the number of inpatients and the number of outpatients per year, which are needed for the break-even point analysis. Besides, to suggest a direction for the improvement of hospital management through analyses, non-financial factors should be reflected, such as the trend of economy, medical policies, and politic backgrounds. However, this study only focused on the common-type balance sheet, common-type profit and loss statement and financial ratio, so this study is actually limited to generalizing all the factors by analyzing public data only.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.37-52
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• 2000

대도시내의 농업경영이 시장접근성의 측면에서 볼 때 유리한 것은 사실이다. 그러나 농업은 필연적으로 생물학적 과정에 의존하는 산업이므로 농업경영에서 자연적 조건은 여전히 중요하다. 사례연구를 통해 대도시내 영농조건이 불리한 지역의 농업경영 특성을 고찰한 본 연구에서 경제적 측면의 농업경영과 관련해서는 토지의 자연적 제약이 중요한 요인이지만 주민의 생활측면에서는 기반시설의 부족이 더 큰 제약 요인으로 작용됨을 확인하였다. 농업노동력은 양적으로 부족하고 질적으로 낮은 수준이며, 부족한 농업노동력을 보완하는 위탁영농은 결과적으로 개별농가의 영농수익을 악화시키는 요인이 되고 있다. 경영규모와 형태는 경영주의 연령에 의해 크게 영향 받으며, 토지이용은 자연적 조건에 따라 결정되는데 특히 일사량 및 수리시설과의 접근성이 중요하게 작용된다. 기반시설의 부족에 따른 생활상의 불편함과 열악한 영농조건 및 낮은 영농수익성에도 불구하고 자급적 생계유지 목적의 영농과 촌락공동체는 유지될 가능성이 높다. 그러나 불리한 자연적 조건은 영농의 상업화를 제약하여 영농목적의 이주를 제한하고 농가경제의 영세성과 악순환을 되풀이한다 그러므로 정책적인 지원과 재배작물의 보급이 없는 한 자연적 조건이 불리한 농업지역은 대도시내에 위치하더라도 한계가 있다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제4권호
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• pp.58-83
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• 1995

The small scale industries which have less than 30 employees occupy 86.5% of total number of industries in Korea. And though they have higher accident rate and lower environmental condition than big industries, it has been not mandatory to appointing health care manager at factory. So, from 1993, government subsidizes to the health care management of small industries. The purpose of this study is to identify the real feature of health care status in small industries, and to evaluate the level of health care management, before and after the subsidiary program. 65 small plating industries which have been managed by the same health care management support institution in 1993 were selected for study. Of the 65 industries, 3 which have not taken both environmental evaluation and health screening in 1994, and 9 which have closed were excluded from study sample. And the remaining 53 were analyzed by using the results of environmental evaluation and health screening, reported to the Ministry of Labor, before and after the subsidiary program, the analysis was done by the comparison of the two year paired data of the same industry. Over-permissible-limit rate, health screening implementation rate, above grade C rate were calculated and compared. The status of health care management ; 1. Of the sample industries, 96.9% provide protective equipment and 80.0% set up ventilating system. Protective gloves (89.2%) and protective clothing (80.0%) are widely provided, but ear plugs (4.6%) are rarely provided. 21.5% of the protective equipment are well put on, and 40.4% of the ventilating systems function well. 2. In 1993, 35 industries, 53.8% of the sample, checked working environment twice. Over-permissible-limit rates of heavy metal (12.2%), suspended particle (11.1%), noise (5.5%) were high. To put on protective equipment and to set up local ventilating system were pointed out by the examiners. 3. General health screening was done at 63.1% of the sample industries and 35.3% of total workers were examined. Specific health screening was done at 93.8% of the sample industries and 75.4% of workers were examined. 15.5% of workers was provided to be above grade C and to have digestive system disease (43.3%), circulatory disease (18.9%), and hematopoietic disease (14.2%), etc. 4. In 1993, the subsidiary program of health care management was provided in forms of health education, health counseling, and rounding check of working field. And 61.5%, 83.0%, 55.4% of sample industries respectively received it. The average visit per industry was 1.8. Comparisons of the level of occupational health before and after the subsidiary program ; 1. Over-permissible-limit rates of hazardous factors of 1993 and that of 1994 were compared. The rates of suspended particle, noise, organic solvent of 1994 (37.5%, 13.4%, 24.2% respectively) were higher than that of 1993 (25.0%, 6.0%, 6.3% respectively). In the case of acid, there was no difference between the rate of 1993 and that of 1994. Only the rate of heavy metal decreased from 12.9% in 1993 to 3.0% in 1994. 2. General health screening was done at 38.7% of the sample industries in 1993 and at 44.6% in 1994. But the implementation rate of specific health screening decreased from 72.4% in 1993 to 64.6% in 1994. 3. The implementation rate of specific health screening was analyzed by some health factors. The rate of suspended particle increased from 61.8% in 1993 to 91.2% in 1994. But the rates of the others-noise, organic solvent, heavy metal, specific chemical substances-decreased. 4. Above grade C rate in health screening increased from 27.8% in 1993 to 35.5% in 1994. But that of endocrine disorders and pulmonary disease decreased.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.131-149
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• 2015

본 연구는 고용불안이 종업원의 노조태도와 노사관계관련행동에 미치는 영향력과 노조몰입의 매개효과를 검증하기 위하여 부산, 울산, 경남, 포항지역의 제조업 및 서비스업의 노동조합에 소속된 조합원 236명을 대상으로 진행되었다. 문헌연구를 통해 연구를 설계하였고, 선행연구를 바탕으로 고용불안이 노조몰입과 노조참가행동 그리고 투쟁행동에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석결과 고용불안은 노조몰입과 노조참가행동과 투쟁행동의 선행요인임을 밝힐 수 있었고, 종업원의 노조몰입은 고용불안이 종업원의 노사관계행동에 미치는 영향에 대한 매개효과를 갖는 것으로 실증분석결과 확인되었다. 그리고 추가적으로 실시한 고용불안과 이중몰입의 관계는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 고용불안이 노조몰입은 높이고 회사몰입은 낮춘 결과로 해석할 수 있다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 경영자는 종업원의 고용불안을 줄여야 한다는 시사점과 노조몰입에 대한 관리를 통해 종업원의 노사관계행동을 감소시키는 노력을 해야 한다는 관리적 시사점을 제공할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 연구표본의 한계와 설문지법을 통한 실증분석이 가질 수 있는 한계점이 있음을 인정하며, 향후 연구에서는 다양한 샘플을 통한 일반화의 노력과 다양한 방법론을 통한 보다 엄밀한 분석을 할 필요가 있음을 제시하였다.