• 한국의류학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.255-273
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• 2019

Perceptions of beauty change and are shared with others in the media of emotional words. In the modern age, a mix of traditional and modern make-up cultures has changed the standards of beauty. Therefore, an analysis using emotional words (an image that consumers have for certain subjects) and an image scale that intuitively shows them can be an important means for understanding changes in the "beauty of the time". This paper considered changes in typical aesthetic characteristics that women pursued through make-up by analyzing emotional words in white make-up powder advertisement texts from the 1920s through the 1930s. Imported modern technologies changed cosmetic manufacturing techniques and advertising methods to create a momentum that changed women's make-up culture from light to heavy make-up or from white to color make-up. Such changes have led to changes in the perception of beauty and were expressed through sensitive vocabularies such as pure, new, fresh, lofty, lively, healthy, and cheery. Such changes reflect social aspects such as women's aspirations for high status, pursuit of security, or women's roles under the wartime regime to show a change from beauty with an attribute of [+cool] to that of [+soft].

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.326-336
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• 2020

Galvalume steel (GL) is widely used in marine and industrial environments. It is characterized by better corrosion resistance than carbon steel. However, corrosion and economic losses may occur as the usage time is increased. Therefore, in this study, an outdoor exposure test of GL for 36 months was conducted across six regions of Korea. Parameters such as corrosion rate, chrominance (color, chroma, and brightness), glossiness, and surface appearance were analyzed. The results showed no significant change in appearance, and the initial corrosion rate was large, but a tendency to decrease with time was observed. Increased outdoor exposure time led to increase in the level of corrosion products. In the case of coastal areas where S, Cl, and other elements were detected, a relatively high decrease in Zn content was observed. Al forms a protective oxide film and exists in the coating layer, but Zn dissolves due to its chemical activity and low potential.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.406-421
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• 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the obligatory wearing of masks has led to increased consumer demand and the diversification of mask design. Accordingly, it is necessary to understand the inner meaning and characteristics of masks in the pandemic situation. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the characteristics of fashionable masks and their new cultural meaning under the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is based on literature review and empirical research. Drawing on an investigation of the historical evolution of masks and their transition under the pandemic (exhibiting differences in mask culture among countries and regions), this study analyzed 54 distinctive fashion masks designed by fashion brands and influencers that appeared from January 2020 to January 2021. The characteristics of fashion masks identified under the influence of the pandemic are as follows: Message delivery on political issues and human rights; psychological defense and expression of individuality; and conspicuous display via luxurious materials and luxury brand logos; moreover, the design of the mask uses the same material, color, pattern, decoration, and other methods as clothing to achieve the overall style. Over the course of the pandemic (and even in post-pandemic lifestyle), fashion masks are becoming more diversified conveying new social and cultural meanings.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2021

This case study developed and operated "Fashion & Film" as a fashion-related liberal arts course. The class was designed to include fashion styles exhibitted in films, fashion-related PPL, fashion design through film, fashion images of movie characters, considering gender & color images expressed in movie costumes, and the history of western costumes and asian folk costumes in films. The class was counducted through various teaching methods, such as lectures, student's presentation of movie plots, and team discussions, which created a student-led class. The team presentations at the end of the term were intended to enhance the understanding of fashion through movies. The results of subjective lecture evaluation of "Fashion & Film" showed the most satisfaction with the communication with professor. Students said that it was good to understand fashion through film. They expressed a burden with the team project; however, they were satisfied with the team project outcomes. Students said that PowerPoint was used very effectively. On the other hand, there was an prevelent opinion that the content of PowerPoint and workbook did not match. To address this inconvenience, a textbook called "Fashion in Film" was published and used in the first semester of 2020. The multiple-choice evaluation showed that students were generally satisfied with the "Fashion & Film" class.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.272-291
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the external characteristics of the clothes formed from the culture and worldview of Goryeo women and to identify the aesthetic characteristics. This paper posits the following: First, that the practice of Buddhism contributed to gender equality between Goryeo women and men; second, that Goryeo had a worldview of unified as in with the East and Korea differentiating from the dichotomous thinking of the West; and third, that the aesthetic characteristics of Goryeo women's clothing included (a) color contrast and an emphasis on patterns based on Pure Land Buddhism and Esoteric Buddhism; (b) The beauty of unitary convergence is the beauty of freedom as an expression of various cultural exchanges and the free and open ways of thinking of Goryeo women; (c) an expression of rhythmical beauty, with the shape of line led to straight to curve line and the change of line through human body's movements; and (d) a perfect balance of proportion and symmetry based on Pure Land Buddhism.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.915-927
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• 2022

Recently, protein-fortified milk powders are being widely consumed in Korea to prevent sarcopenia, and the demand for high-protein food powders is continuously increasing in the Korean market. However, spray-dried milk proteins have poor flowability and wettability owing to their fine particle sizes and high inter-particle cohesive forces. Fluidized bed agglomeration is widely used to improve the instant properties of food powders. This study investigated the effect of fluidized bed agglomeration on whey protein isolate (WPI)-fortified skim milk powder (SMP) at different SMP/WPI ratios. The fluidized bed process increased the particle size distribution, and agglomerated particles with grape-like structures were observed in the SEM images. As the size increased, the Carr index (CI) and Hausner ratio (HR) values of the agglomerated WPI-fortified SMP particles exhibited excellent flowability (CI: <15) and low cohesiveness (HR: <1.2). In addition, agglomerated WPI-fortified SMP particles exhibited the faster wetting time than the instant criterion (<20 s). As a result, the rheological and physical properties of the WPI-fortified SMP particles were effectively improved by fluidized bed agglomeration. However, the fluidized bed agglomeration process led to a slight change in the color properties. The CIE L^* decreased, and the CIE b^* increased because of the Maillard reaction. The apparent viscosity (η_a,10) and consistency index (K) values of the rehydrated solutions (60 g/180 mL water) increased with the increasing WPI ratio. These results may be useful for formulating protein-fortified milk powder with better instant properties.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제66권2호
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• pp.412-424
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• 2024

Lairage, a part of the animal welfare practices, has been known to mitigate pre-slaughter stress in animals. However, research investigating the relationship between lairage and pork meat quality remains scarce. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the physicochemical quality and storage stability of pork from pigs subjected to immediate slaughter (CON) and those provided with a 24 h lairage before slaughter (LRG) over a 7-day storage period. The loins from 20 castrated pigs in each group, respectively, were collected at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days and used for analysis of meat quality and storage stability, including pH, meat color, moisture, water holding capacity, drip loss, cooking loss, shear force, fatty acid composition, lipid oxidation, antioxidant activity, and electrical resistance. Overall, there were no significant differences in physicochemical meat quality parameters between CON and LRG groups. Similarly, no differences were observed in the storage stability of pork including 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and electrical resistance. However, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids was significantly higher in LRG compared to CON. In conclusion, 24 h lairage for castrated pigs had limited impact on meat quality and storage stability but led to an increase in the unsaturated fatty acid proportion.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.167-176
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• 2007

레저문화의 발달과 주5일제의 근무로 주말 가족과 함께 보내는 시간이 많아지면서 야외로 캠핑을 즐기는 사람들이 많아지고 있다. 팬션이나 캠핑카의 이용도 많은 반면 가족, 친구단위로 여름 휴가철에는 많은 텐트이용을 볼 수 있다. 현재 우리나라의 텐트디자인 역시 조금씩 발전, 변화되어가고 있지만 기후, 문화습성, 선호색상에 따라 독특한 디자인적 특성을 가지고 있는 외국의 텐트디자인 만큼 발전하고 있지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 외국과 국내 텐트디자인 요소에서 컬러, 프레임 등을 중심으로 텐트디자인 경향을 비교분석하여 차이점을 조사하고, 이론적인 자료와 아이디어 스케치를 통하여 텐트의 크기, 넓이, 이동과 설치의 간편함 중심으로 우리나라 특성에 맞는 텐트디자인의 방향을 제시하였다. 손쉽게 설치하고 운반의 용이성을 주기 위해 프레임에 대한 무게를 최소화하고 내구성의 강화와 공기 흐름을 유입경로를 파악하여 쾌적한 공간 연출을 위하여 기존의 텐트보다 창문의 스타일과 크기가 많아지고 텐트의 크기를 넓혀 가방이나 짐을 내부 한 구속에 창고형식의 공간을 두어 사용자들에게 최대한 넓은 활동 공간을 유도하였다. 이론조사를 통한 외국 텐트의 경향과 국내 텐트의 경향에 대하여 자료 수집정리와 텐트의 칼라비교와 언어이미지를 추출하여 프레임스타일을 응용스타일결과로 제시하여 3개월의 준비기간으로 샘플 제작을 하여 테스트 단계를 거쳐 중국 공장에서 양산되고 있다.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.30-46
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• 2013

치과에서 수복물제작에는 지난 50년간 금속을 이용한 금속도재관이 많이 사용되어 왔다. 그러다 보니 심미적이고 생체 친화적이며 금속 알러지등의 문제로 인한 환자들의 사고의 변화에 따라서 'metal free restoration'에 대한 관심이 점점 높아지고 있다. 특히 그 동안 많이 사용되어왔던 귀금속 가격이 급등하여 더 이상 구강 내 수복 물로써 제 역할을 하는 것은 불가능하게 되었으며, PFM수복은 술자로 하여금 chipping과 파절로 인한 문제점을 안고 있다. 따라서 구치부 임플란트 수복물로써 보다 심미적이고 강도가 높은 재료의 요구로 인하여 그 어느 때보다 CAD/CAM이 주목을 받고 있다. Full zirconia 수복을 위해서 고려해야 할 사항은 1. 강도 2. 콤비네이션 작업은? 3. 빛 투과성은? 4. crack이 발생한 경우의 처치는? 5. 블럭의 색조 재현상은? 6. 대합치 마모도 7. 저온 열화 현상 등을 들 수가 있는데, 본 연구에서는 블럭의 색조 재현상에 대해서 정리하고자 한다. Full zirconia 수복을 꺼려하는 가장 커다란 이유 중에 하나가 바로 기존의 PFM 수복과 비교했을 때 자연스러운 색조를 재현하기가 어렵다는 점이며, 교합 조정 후에 컬러링한 표면이 삭제된 후 나타나는 보기 싫은 블럭의 노출로 인하여 많은 임상가들이 꺼려하고 있다. 지르코잔의 블럭을 약 4년 여 동안 사용하면서 이러한 점들은 어느 정도 극복되어질 수 있는 문제라고 여겨지며, 어떻게 하면 그 가급적 주변 보철물 또는 자연 치아와의 조화 이룰 수 있는 수복물을 만들 수 있을 것인가에 관해 정리였다.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2014

시간-온도이력 지시계(TTI)는 시간-온도 이력에 따라 색이 변하는 작은 라벨로서 온도 의존성이 매우 중요한 성능 요소이다. TTI 색변화와 식품의 Arrhenius 활성화 에너지의 차이(${\Delta}Ea$)에 따른 shelf life 예측 오차를 수리적으로 분석하였다. 수리적 분석을 위하여 TTI의 kinetics는 0차반응, 식품은 1차반응에 해당하며 모두 Arrhenius 온도의존성을 따르는 것으로 가정하였다. TTI의 Ea가 식품보다 크거나 작은 경우 그리고 그 차이의 크기에 의한 효과를 분석하였다. 식품의 Ea가 TTI보다 작은 경우 온도변화에 따른 shelf life를 연산한 결과, TTI의 shelf life(색 변화의 종료 시점)가 식품의 shelf life(부패 시점)에 먼저 도달하였고, 식품이 TTI보다 큰 경우에는 식품이 shelf life에 먼저 도달하는 반대의 결과를 나타내었다. 또한 ${\Delta}Ea$의 크기가 클수록 shelf life의 차이도 크게 증가하였다. 결론적으로 TTI의 Ea가 식품보다 크거나 그 차이가 작을수록 TTI에 의하여 식품의 부패 시점이 안전하거나(shelf $life_{Food}$ > shelf $life_{TTI}$) 정확하게(shelf $life_{Food}{\fallingdotseq}$ shelf $life_{TTI}$) 예측됨을 알 수 있었다.