• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.317-322
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• 2010

This study has been done with 1,431 subjects who visited Health Promotion Centers of the hospitals in Gumi for National Health Screening Program for People at Transitional Ages from April to December 2007. Serum biochemical tests related with metabolic syndrome were performed. Among biochemical factors related with metabolic syndrome, the mean values of serum glucose, AST, ALT, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol except LDL cholesterol were significantly higher in males than in females, so a significant difference by sex was observed (P<0.001). AST, ALT, triglyceride and HDL were thought to be significantly affecting serum GGT for males. In contrast, ALT and HDL cholesterol were important factors for females (P<0.001). For both sexes, serum glucose and LDL cholesterol did not produce any meaningful effect on serum GGT. In males AST, ALT and HDL cholesterol were associated with high risk of abnormality of serum GGT and in females AST, ALT and LDL cholesterol were related with high risk of abnormality of serum GGT. Therefore, AST and ALT showed a significant effect on abnormality of serum GGT in both males and females. It was observed that males exhibited significantly high correlation between metabolic syndrome related biochemical factors and serum GGT than females, and their influence on abnormality of serum GGT was also higher in males than in females. Therefore, serum GGT tests performed for health screening are considered to be useful for managements of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome as well as liver function test.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.86-92
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• 2004

In order to determine the effect of intravenous He-Ne laser irradiation, values of serum total cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were measured. Twenty three patients with hyperlipidemia who visited Gunpo Oriental Medical Center of Wonkwang University were treated with He-Ne laser irridiation and analyzed by Paired T-test of SPSS program. The following results were obtained : The serum Total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol of patients treated with He-Ne laser irradiation showed a significant(P<0.05) decrease, and the serum Triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol of patients treated with He-Ne laser irradiation showed no significant(P<0.05) effects.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.777-784
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• 2014

Epidemiologic studies have shown that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a strong risk factor, whilst high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) reduces the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Therefore, strategies to manage dyslipidemia in an effort to prevent or treat CHD have primarily attempted at decreasing LDL-C and raising HDL-C levels. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mediates the exchange of cholesteryl ester for triglycerides between HDL and VLDL and LDL. We have published the first report indicating that a group of Japanese patients who were lacking CETP had extremely high HDL-C levels, low LDL-C levels and a low incidence of CHD. Animal studies, as well as clinical and epidemiologic evidences, have suggested that inhibition of CETP provides an effective strategy to raise HDL-C and reduce LDL-C levels. Four CETP inhibitors have substantially increased HDL-C levels in dyslipidemic patients. This review will discuss the current status and future prospects of CETP inhibitors in the treatment of CHD. At present anacetrapib by Merck and evacetrapib by Eli Lilly are under development. By 100mg of anacetrapib HDL-C increased by 138%, and LDL-C decreased by 40%. Evacetrapib 500 mg also showed dramatic 132% increase of HDL-C, while LDL-C decreased by 40%. If larger, long-term, randomized, clinical end point trials could corroborate other findings in reducing atherosclerosis, CETP inhibitors could have a significant impact in the management of dyslipidemic CHD patients. Inhibition of CETP synthesis by antisense oligonucleotide or small molecules will produce more similar conditions to human CETP deficiency and may be effective in reducing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. We are expecting the final data of prospective clinical trials by CETP inhibitors in 2015.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1138-1142
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• 2002

Dansamchunghyul-tang(丹參淸血湯) is a new formula consist of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix and some oriental herbs to treatment of hyperlipidemia. In this study, we investigated the effects of the water extract of Dansamchunghyul-tang(DCT) on hyperlipidemia of the rat. We here studied the influence of DCT on hyperlipidemia in Sprague-Dawley rats. The hyperlipidemia was induced by Triton WR-1339 (tyloxapol) intravenous injection at 200mg/kg body weight. After 18 h, blood was collected for the determination of plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol concentrations. In the model of hyperlipidemia induced by triton WR-1339 in rats, DCT showed decreasing effects on total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid level significantly, in a dose-dependent fashion. DCT showed dose-dependent effects on HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol level insignificantly. In conclusion, DCT showed significant effects on hyperlipidemia, and the present findings indicate that DCT may prove potentially useful for treatment of hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.185-202
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• 2004

In order to study the effects of Ojuck-san on hyperlipidemia, we divided the rats into three groups(normal group, control group & sample group) and performed the experimental research. Hyperlipidemia rats were induced by oral for 14days. The sample group was administerd the extract of Ojuck-san for 14 days and control group was administerd equal dose of oral. And then we measured the amount of serum Total cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, Phospholipid, Cholinesterase and Cardiac risk factor. The results were as follows : 1. Ojuck-san showed decreasing effects on Total cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL -cholesterol, and Phospholipid level in serum significantly(p<0.001). 2. Ojuck-san showed increasing effects on HDL-cholesterol level and Cholinesterase in serum significantly(p<0.05). 3. Ojuck-san showed decreasing effects on Cardiac risk factor in serum significantly.(p<0.001). According to the above results, Ojuck-san showed significant decreasing effects on hyperlipidemia, and it is considered that it is appropriate to apply for hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.343-355
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• 2009

To elucidate the effect of a 4 week dietary supplementation with pumpkin water extract on serum lipid and fasting glucose levels, 41 female collegians residing in the Gyeonggi area were recruited. The subjects were divided into three groups: placebo-control (PC, n=11), treatment A (TA, 100 ml/day, n=13), and treatment B (TB, 300 ml/day, n=17). Total serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and fasting glucose were analyzed. The average age, height, weight, and body mass index of the subjects were 21.3 years, 161.1 cm, 53.0 kg, and 20.4 $kg/m^2$, respectively. The average total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, TG, and fasting glucose level (mg/dl) were 171.4${\pm}$26.1, 63.5${\pm}$11.4, 92.6${\pm}$22.9, 76.8${\pm}$32.0, and 89.1${\pm}$8.2, respectively. There were no significant differences among the three groups in any measured parameters, and between the pre- and post-study values of the all parameters. The results indicated that the 4 week pumpkin water extract supplementation (100 ml, 300 ml) did not influence the serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, TG and fasting glucose level in female collegians.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

To determine the effect of Vitex doniana (leaves stem and root bark) ethanolic extracts on lipid profiles of Poloxamer 407 (P407) induced hyperlipidemic and normal rats. Fifty four mixed sex rats weighing 100-200g were divided into nine groups comprising six animals per group. At the end of the 21 day, the animals were sacrificed and blood sample were collected for determination of serum levels of: Total cholesterol (TC), Triacylglycerides (TAG), High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c). The studies showed that all induced treated groups significantly (P<0.05) lower serum levels of TC, TAG, LDL-c and significantly (P<0.05) increased HDL-c when compared to the P407 induced hyperlipidemic control. The normal treated groups showed no significant (P>0.05) difference in the serum levels of TC, TAG, LDL and HDL when compared to the normal control group. Calculation of atherogenic risk predictor indices of the induced treated groups showed that all the extracts significantly (P<0.05) lowered the LDL-c/HDL-c, log (TAG/HDL-c) and significantly (P<0.05) increased HDL-c/TC ratio when compared to the P407 induced hyperlipidemic control group. The atherogenic risk predictor indices of normal treated groups showed no significant difference (P>0.05) in LDL-c/HDL-c, Log (TAG/HDL-c) and HDL-c/TC ratio when compared to the normal control group. The study demonstrates the phytotherapeutic effect of Vitex doniana (leaves, stem and root bark) ethanolic extract in poloxamer 407 induced hyperlipidemia.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.175-180
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• 2005

Green tea, which has high polyphenols amount, is thought to have hypocholesterolemic effects. The present study was performed to further examine the hypocholesterolemic action of green tea, especially (-) epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) for its effect on diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=15) were fed a green tea-free diet (control), $1.0\%$ green tea catechin (catechin) or $0.5\%$ green tea catechin EGCG for seven weeks. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by adding $1\%$ cholesterol and $0.5\%$ cholic acid to all diets. There was no difference in food intake and body weight gain among the groups. The green tea EGCG treatment led to a significant improvement in plasma levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL)/LDL ratio (p<0.05). There was no significant effect on the plasma HDL-cholesterol level. The catechin treatment led to a 4.19-fold increase in the LDL-receptor mRNA level compared to the control, but the EGCG treatment did not affect the hepatic LDL-receptor mRNA level. Our results suggest that when blood cholesterol level is down-regulated by green tea EGCG, the LDL receptor gene-independent pathway may dominate the hypocholesterolemic action of EGCG.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.263-270
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Lycii fructus on the serum lipid in rats fed high fat diet. We compared the effects of L. fructus and L.fructus water extract both adminstered with high fat diets on rats that had previously been on high fat or standard diets. Two separate experiments were conducted for 6 weeks. respectively. In experiment I, 4 groups of rats were fed experimental diets consisting of either \circled1 6 weeks of a standard diet(control), \circled2 6 weeks of a high-fat diet(HHC), \circled3 3 weeks of a high-fat diet followed by 3 weeks of a high-fat diet containing L. fructus(HHL) or \circled4 6 weeks of a high-fat diet with L. fructus extract in place of water for the last 3 weeks (HHT). In the second set of experiments, a high-fat diet (SHC), high-fat diet containing L.fructus(SHL) or high-fat diet with L. fructus extract in place of water (SHT) were fed for 3 weeks after 3 weeks of standard diet feeding. Rats fed L. fructus diet consumed more diets than high-fat diets. THe results of experiment I showed significant decreases(p<0.05) in serum triglyceride(TB) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels with L. fructus feedings, but did not show andy changes in total cholesterol (TC) level. High density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) level was increased significantly(p<0.05) with L. fructus feedings. Therefore, the ration of LDL-C to HDL-C(LDL-C/HDL-C) which is used as an atherosclerosis index was significantly (p<0.05) low, while the HDL-c/TC ration was significantly(p<0.05) high with L.fructus intake. However, no significant were found in serum cholesterols and TG levels in experimentII. The results of these experiments indicate that , regardless of the feeding from, L. fructus can be beneficial in lowering serum TG and LDL-C levels for habitual high-fat diet intakers. L.fructus also seems to be effective in elevating serum HDL-C level, theregy having beneficial effects on atherosclerosis by influencing the serum lipoprotein profile.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.881-888
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to determine whether vitamin B6(B6) deficiency affects fuel utilization and blood cholesterol profile with exercise-training. Twenty-four rats were fed a B6 deficient(-B6) diet or a control (+B6) diet for 5 weeks and either exercised(EX) or nonexercised (NE). EX rats were exercised on treadmill(10$^{\circ}$, 0.5-0.8km/h) for 20 minutes everyday. Glucose(GLU), glycogen (GLY), protein(PRO), trglyceride(TG), free fatty acid(FFA), total cholesterl(TC), HDL-cholesterol(HDL-C) and LDL-choleterol(LDL-C) were compared in plasma(P), liver(L) and skeletal muscle(M) of rats. There was a vitamin effect on the level of P-GLU, P-TG, M-TG, L-GLY, L-PRO and an exercise effect on the level of P-PRO, P-FFA, M-PRO, L-GLY, L-TG, P-TC, P-HDL-C, P-LDL-C. Compared to +B6 rats were lower and there were no differences in P-GLU, P-FFA, P-TG. M-GLY, L-TG, P-TC and P-HDL-C. In EX group, the level of P-TG was higher and M-PRO was lower in -B6 rats. There were no differences in M-GLY, L-TG, P-TC and P-HDL-C. These results suggest that a lowered intake of vitamin B6 may impair the adaptation of animals to fuel metabolism related to a decrease of fatty acid oxidation and attenuates the exercise-traning effect on blood lipid profile.