• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.370-374
• /
• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Gastrodiae rhizoma fractions on serum lipid profiles and atherogenic index (AI) in male S.D. rats fed a high fat diet supplemented with 10 : 2 : 1% (w/w) of lard, corn oil, and cholesterol during the entire 12-week experimental period. Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into four groups; A (low molecule), B (polysaccharide), C (protein) fractions of Gastrodiae rhizoma, respectively, and D (high fat diet as control). Body weight gain, diet intake and feed efficiency ratio did not differ significantly among the groups during the experimental period, but final body weight was on the average 44 g higher in control compared with the three groups of Gastrodiae rhizoma $(A{\sim}C)$. TC and TG levels of group B when compared with control were each decreased by an average of 21.5% and 39.6%, respectively. HDL-cholesterol level was markedly higher in group C than group A and B of Gastrodiae rhizoma. LDL-cholesterol levels of Gastrodiae rhizoma groups $(A{\sim}C)$ were significantly lower than control. AI was significantly lower in group C at 1.45 than the other two Gastrodiae rhizoma at $1.94{\sim}2.05$ and control of 2.12. From the findings, it is feasible for water soluble and high molecular weight components of Gastrodiae rhizoma like polysacchride and protein fractions to be considered as functional components for improving hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.826-835
• /
• 2018

The aim of the study was to investigate the influences of sodium fluoride on the body weight, lipid metabolism functional improvement, blood glucose level, protein component in the sera of rats which fed experimental diets for 5 weeks. Body weight gain of rats was higher in the NF25 group, NF30 group and NF50 group showed a significant difference from the basal diet group (BD group). The changes of the liver and the heart of each argan weights were observed compared to the BD group tends to appear lower in the oral NaF groups (p<0.05). Organ weight of each group of the others showed no significant difference (p<0.05). Serum concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, free cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL) and blood glucose were lower in BD group than basal diet plus sodium fluoride groups. Conversely depending on the concentration of sodium fluoride for the high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level, it showed lower results. Serum total protein was observed low showed a significant difference in the NF50 group, there was no significant difference in the other groups (p<0.05). globulin and albumin concentration levels also showed the lowest results in the NF50 group.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.284-290
• /
• 2017

We investigated the anti-obesity effects of the water extract from Orostachys japonicus in high-fat-fed mice. For the analysis, 24 mice were divided into four groups: normal (N) group, high-fat diet (HFD) group, high-fat diet supplemented with 2.5% O. japonicus (HFD-OJL) group, and high-fat diet supplemented with 5% O. japonicus (HFD-OJH) group. The body weight gain and food efficiency ratio increased with a high-fat diet, but significantly decreased in the HFD-OJ groups compared with those in the HFD group. Levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol were significantly lower, but the HDL-cholesterol level was significantly higher in the HFD-OJH group. The adipocytes within the epididymal adipose tissue were found to have expanded in the HFD group. However, the adipocytes in the HFD-OJ groups were comparable to those of the N group. These results suggest that O. japonicus has potential as an anti-obesity agent by decreasing body weight and lowering the serum lipid levels in obese mice.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.91-100
• /
• 2004

Weanling male rats of Wistar strain were fed relatively high-calories-diet containing 1% (K$_1$ group), 5% (K$_{5}$ group) and 10% Chinese cabbage kimchi juice (K$_{10}$ group) for 4 weeks to study their effects on body weight gain rate, serum lipids levels and other blood biochemical parameters. In this study it was found out that significant decrease in body weight gain rate, diet efficiency ratio, serum triglyceride level, serum total cholesterol level, blood glucose level and LDL-cholesterol level was observed in $K_{10}$ group as compared to control group fed only high-calories-diet. Significant increase in HDL-cholesterol level, GPT activity, GOT activity and creatinine level was found in $K_{10}$ group as compared to control group. But creatinine level, GPT and GOT activity of $K_{10}$ group were within the normal ranges. The results suggest that long term intake of traditional Chinese cabbage kimchi in large dose have the lowering effect on blood lipid and blood glucose level. There is no possibility of adverse actions on renal and hepatic functions by ordinary intake of Chinese cabbage kimchi in spite of being rich in salt and hot spices such as garlic, onion, ginger and red pepper.r.r.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.8 no.5
• /
• pp.532-536
• /
• 1998

This study was designed to observe the effects of the feeding Gentiana scabra Bunge var.buergeri Max. extract on the improvement of the blood glucose, lipids in the serum of dietary hyperlipidemic rats (S.D. strain, ♂) fed the experimental diets for 4 weeks. Concentration of blood glucose was significantly higher in the cholesterol administration groups (group 2(cholesterol+water), 3(cholesterol+Gentiana scabra Bunge extract) than those in the control group(group 1 (water)). Blood glucose concentration was rather lower in the group 3(cholesterol+Gentiana scabra Bunge extract) than in the group 2(cholesterol+water). There was almost little significance among the groups. Concentration of total cholesterol in serum was significantly lower in the group 3 than those in the group 2. Concentration of LDL-cholesterol in serum was significantly lower in the group 3 than that in the group 2. In the ratio of HDL-cholesterol concentration to total cholesterol concentration, Gentiana scabra Bunge extract administration group was higher percentage than in the group 2. Concentration of free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester in serum was significantly lower in the group 3 than in the group 2. Concentrations of triglyceride and phospholipid in serum were decreased in the group 3 than in the high fat diet group. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in serum were increased in the all experimental groups than in the control group. From the above research, the Gentiana scabra Bunge var.buergeri Max. exacts were effective on the improvement of the lipid composition in serum of dietary hyperlipidemic rats.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.675-682
• /
• 2013

One hundred and sixty Taiwan country chickens (d-old chicks) were randomly assigned into four groups with four replicates and equal sex. Basal diets were supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1 and 2% of Bazhen powder, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine complex. The study was conducted for 14 wks. Experimental results indicated that Bazhen supplement did not influence feed intake, body weight gain and feed:gain ratio. Compared with control group, the percentage of serum HDL (high-density lipoprotein) linearly increased (p<0.03) and that of VLDL+LDL (very low-density+low-density lipoprotein) linearly decreased (p<0.03) in Bazhen supplemented groups, that 2% Bazhen was significantly different with control group (p<0.05). Chickens fed diets containing 2% Bazhen displayed reduced (p<0.05) serum GOT (glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase) levels. The IgG, ${\gamma}$-globulin levels and PHA (phytohemagglutinin) skin challenge results in 1% Bazhan supplemented group were higher (p<0.05) than in the control group, the SRBC (sheep red blood cell) and ND (newcastle disease) titers in Bazhen supplemented groups were linear higher (p<0.05) than in the control group. The liver catalase activity and the capacity of scavenging DPPH (${\alpha}$-${\alpha}$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picrylhydrazyl) radical were linearly increased (p<0.03) in Bazhen supplemented groups, and the 1 and 2% groups were different from the control group (p<0.05). Liver TBARS (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances) levels in all Bazhen supplemented groups and total glutathione level in the 2% group were reduced (p<0.05) compared to the control group and displayed a linear response (p<0.05). The TBA (thiobarbituric acid) and pH value of the breast muscle after 24 h post-mortem in the Bazhen supplemented groups was linear lower (p<0.05) than in the control group. Results from this study demonstrated that Bazhen supplement in chicken had several beneficial effects, including increased SRBC and ND titers, HDL and IgG, ${\gamma}$-globulin levels, PHA skin challenge result, decreased VLDL+LDL and GOT levels, and displayed antioxidation effects in serum and carcass meat parameters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.368-371
• /
• 2001

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary onion supplementation on the growth rate and blood cholesterol level in finishing pigs. Sixty $Duroc\;{\times}\;Yorkshire\;{\times}\;Landrace$ pigs ($69.75{\pm}0.79kg$ average BW) were used in a 50 day growth assay. Dietary treatments included 1) corn-SBM (Con), 2) 1)+dietary onion rice bran 1.0% (ORB1), 3) 1)+dietary onion rice bran 2.0% (ORB2). For overall period, average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake were increased by the addition of dietary onion compared with Con (linear effect; p<0.01). Feed efficiency ratio was successfully improved by supplementation of dietary onion (linear effect; p<0.01). The total cholesterol concentrations in serum decreased as the concentration of onion in the diets was increased (linear effect, p<0.06). Also, LDL-cholesterol concentrations in serum tended to decrease in pigs fed onion than in those fed Con diet group (linear effect, p<0.04; quadratic effect, p<0.09). The HDL-cholesterol and triacylglyceride concentrations in serum were not influenced by the onion supplementation. The results obtained from this feeding trial suggest that the dietary onion supplementation for finishing pigs weighed 70 to 108 kg had improved growth performance and reduced total cholesterol level of serum.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.58-63
• /
• 2006

Three different diet were made with meat for Crossbred pig ($^{\circ}_{+}$, 195 days old, $l15{\pm}5\;kg,\;Landrace{\times}Yorkshire{\times}Duroc$) and used as feed for rats after transformed into 12% protein, These diets include a pork not fed with tangerine peel during finishing period (Control, $T_0$), a pork fed with 3 and 5% tangerine peel during growing and finishing period, respectively ($T_1$), and a pork fed with 6 and 10% tangerine peel during growing and finishing period respectively($T_2$). The effects of the diet on physiological activities of rats were studied by feeding 17 weeks-old Sprague-Dawley rats with the three diets for 4 weeks. The feed intake, weight gain, feed efficiency ratio, and weight of liver, kidney, spleen and epididymal fat pad for the rats was similar among the diets. The total lipid level of liver was similar among $T_0,\;T_1\;and\;T_2$. However, it was found that $T_1\;and\;T_2$ had significantly lower triglyceride and cholesterol level than $T_0$(p<0.05). All the diet groups showed similar trends in terms of the serum total lipid, phospholipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol level, and atherogenic index, hemoglobin level, and ${\gamma}-GTP$, ALT, AST and ALP activities.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.175-182
• /
• 2006

Diets consist of two different pork samples: pork of a Jeju native pig ( 260 days old, $101{\sim}103kg$ ) not fed tangerine byproduct during finishing period ($T_0$), and pork fed 8% and 15% tangerine byproduct during growing and finishing period ($T_1$), respectively. The effects of the diet on the physiological activities of rats were studied by feeding 17-week old rats with the two diets for 4 weeks. There was no significant difference between $T_0$ and $T_1$ in the rat's feed intake, feed efficiency ratio, and weight gain. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between $T_0$ and $T_1$ in the rat's weight of liver, kidney, spleen, epididymal fat pad, triglyceride and cholesterol of liver. Both $T_0$ and $T_1$ showed similar trends in terms of total lipid, phospholipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, atherogenic index, protein, glucose, hemoglobin level, mineral level, and ${\gamma}$-GTP, ALT, AST and ALP activities. However, $T_1$ showed the trend of increasing amount of the serum's HDL and LDL cholesterol level, compared with $T_0$.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 2005

Effects of persimmon peel powder on physico-chemical properties in 60 pigs was investigated. The pigs were randomly assigned to one of the four dietary treatments: 1) Control (commercial feed) 2) T1 (commercial feed supplemented with 1% persimmon peel powder) 3) T2 (commercial feed supplemented with 3% persimmon peel powder) 4) T3 (commercial feed supplemented with 5% persimmon peel powder). In proximate composition, moisture of pork from treatment groups were decreased by addition level increased than that of control but crude fat was increased (p<0.05). Crude protein and crude ash was no significantly difference. The total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride of treatment groups was higher than that of control.. LDL-cholesterol of control was higher than that of treatment groups. The WHC (water holding capacity) of control was higher than treatment groups and shear value was higher in treatments group (p<0.05). pH was not significantly different between control and treatment groups. The hardness, juiciness and flavor of sensory evaluation were improved by treatments, especially in T3 (p<0.05). The meat color of treatment group showed whiter and redder than that of control owing to higher L/sup */, a/sup */ and b/sup */ value. In fatty acids, stearic acid contents of treatment groups were higher than that of control. The unsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid ratio of the control, T1 T2 and T3 were 1.78, 1.71. 1.69 and 1.66, respectively and control had higher than the treatment groups. The hardness, juiciness and flavor of sensory evaluation were improved by treatments, especially in T3 (p<0.05).