• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.239-241
• /
• 1998

The experiments were carried out to improve culture efficiency of rhizome and mericlone propagation through settlement of problems occurring during culture period of temperate Cymbidium species. Shooting efficiency from rhizome of C. forrestii 'Nokwoon' was improved, when cultured in $H_3P_4$ medium (Hyponex 3+peptone 4g/L) supplemented with 170mg/L $NaH_2PO_4{\cdot}H_2O$ and 0.4mg/L Thiamin e HCl, but the other varieties were not influenced to shooting efficiency by additives. Medium in which rhizome of C. nishiuchianum 'Hodukjiwha' was cultured became less browned in $H_3P_4$ medium added with 150mg/L PVP, but the other treatments of antioxidants was failed to prevent the medium browning. Re-formation of rhizome from young shoots of C. forrestii 'Sojub', 5.5cm in length occured in $H_3P_4$ enriched with 2.0 mg/L NAA and 1.0 mg/L BA under darkness, but axillary buds were elongated in the medium with 1.0 mg/L NAA and 3.0 mg/L BA under light condition. On the other hand, rhizomes from young shoot of C. forrestii 'Seosinmae' and 'Songmae', 5.5cm and 2.5cm in length respectively were reformed in 2.0 mg/L NAA and 5.0mg/L kinetin under darkness, but multishoot from young shoot were emerged in 2.0mg/L NAA and 3.0mg/L BA.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.159-166
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study were analysed fatigue character of lumbar extension Muscle during repeated trunk flexion-extension motion we used EMG multi-telemeter (WEB 5000, Nihon Koden, Japan), Medex lumbar extension machine(Ocala, USA). We evaluated 20 persons on chronic low back pain group and 20 persons on control group. We analysed the quantitative variables IMF, MF, decreased ratios of MF to investigate fatigue. As a result, the following conclusion was drawn : 1. Each lumbar IMF of CLBP was L5> L3> L1 in the order of their size. CON group was similar quantitative and same order. But the relationship of two groups were not significantly. 2 The IMF within lumbar position(L1-L3, L1-L5, L3-L5) of two groups was significantly all positions(p<.05). 3. The MF shifting at lumbar position of two groups during repeated trunk flexion-extension motion was decrease shifting pattern with increase repeating motion, especially CLBP group was suddenly dropping than CON at all lumbar positions(L1, L3, L5) on early stage motion(34 set). 4. The lumbar fatigue of CLBP was higher than CON during repeated trunk flexion-extention motion, so CLBP supposed more tired than CON. And it was significantly within two groups at lumbar positions(L1, L3 : p<.05, L5 : P<.01).

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.1-4
• /
• 2003

In order to search the new serotonin bioisoster, 2-(5,6-dimethoxy-l-indenyl)ethyl amine(1) was synthesized. 3,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde, as starting material, was condensed with malonic acid in the presence of pyridine and piperidine to form 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid(2). Compound 2 was performed catalytic hydrogenation with 10％ Pd-C to give propanoic acid derivative 3, which was cyclized by Friedel-Crafts acylation to afford 5,6-dimethoxyindan-l-one(4). Compound 4 was reduced with NaBH$_4$ in ethanol to obtain l-indanol 5, and it was dehydrated to give 5,6-dimethoxy-l-indene(6). This compound was lithiated with 2.5M n-butyllithium and reacted with 1,2-dibromoethane to give 2-(5,6-dimethoxy-l-indenyl)ethyl bromide(7), and which was treated with anhydrous ammonia to synthesize compound 1.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.211-218
• /
• 1993

Plant regeneration was accomplished from protoplast culture of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Taebaeg). Embryogenic callus was induced from mature seed on MS medium containing 5 mM proline, 2.5 mg/L 2,4-D, 30 g/L sucrose in the dark at 28$^{\circ}C$ and used to establish embryogenic cell suspension culture. Suspension cells were subcultured every one week in N6 medium supplemented with 5 mM proline, 200 mg/L casein hydrolysate, 2.5 mg/L 2,4-D and amino acids of AA medium. Suspension cultures were composed of cells that were densely cytoplasmic, potentially embryogenic and were at least maintained for more than 6 months in liquid medium. Protoplasts were isolated from fast-growing suspension culture cells and cultured in a slightly modified KpR medium by mixed nurse culture. Isolated protoplasts began to divide within 5~7 days and thereafter, protoplast-derived calli were sequentially transferred to callus proliferating medium that soft agar MS medium contained 2 mg/L 2,4-D and produced distinct embryogenic cells. Microcolonies were then transferred to solid medium which consisted of MS medium containing 5 mg/L kinetin, 1 mg/L NAA, 1 mg/L ABA, 30 g/L sucrose and 10 g/L sorbitol under fluorescent light. Mulitple shoots of 4~5 per callus emerged and were transferred to hormone-free MS medium for root initiation. Thereafter, The plantlets were transferred to pots of soil to mature in the culture room.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.135-140
• /
• 2003

Bacillus sp. secretes high levels of extracellular enzymes into the culture medium. The signal recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor play a central role in targeting pre secretory proteins to the translocase. By the analysis of the DNA microarray of B. lentimorbus WJ5, it was detected that WJ5m12, antifungal activity deficient mutant induced by gamma radiation, had a down-regulated expression of the SRP receptor gene (B. subtitis srb homologue, srbL). To determine the relationship of SRP receptor to antifungal activity, srbL of B. lentimorbus WJ5 was amplified by PCR and ligated into pQE30 vector, and then transferred into WJ5m12. The transformant, WJ5m12::srbL, recovered the antifungal activity. From the 2-DE analysis, the several presecretory proteins accumulated in the mutant cell and decreased to a level of the wild type in WJ5m12::srbL. It seems that the srbL could play an important role in the secretion of the antifungal activity related proteins of B. lentimorbus WJ5.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.540-545
• /
• 2014

The Polygonatum odoratum cv. Gungangbeaksea, bred in Gyeongsangnam-Do Agricutural Research & Extension Service, was cultured in vitro for micropropagate rapidly through the culture of rhizome explants ($5{\times}5mm$). The $7{\times}7mm$ explants of adventitious multi-bud clusters (AMC), obtained through the culture of rhizome explants (MS + 3.0 mg/L BA) were cultured on MS media with BA and TDZ. The shoot multiplication was favorable on the MS medium containing 3.0 mg/L TDZ with 2.8 in shoot number. But the formation of AMC was low in all media tested. The explants of AMC were cultured on MS media containing 1.0~5.0 mg/L TDZ and NAA to multiplicate AMC more. The formation of AMC was a little more stimulated on combined MS media of TDZ and NAA, than that with TDZ alone. The multiplication of shoots and AMC was favorable on MS media with 3.0 mg/L TDZ and 5.0 mg/L NAA, and 5.0 mg/L TDZ and 3.0 mg/L NAA. As the concentration of MS salts increased, the formation of AMC was decreased. But the formation of AMC was more stimulated, as the concentration of sucrose increased to 7%. Therefore, the multiplication of shoots and AMC was suitable on media containing 3.0~5.0 mg/L TDZ and NAA, and 7% of sucrose. The explants of AMC were rooted on media with 3.0 mg/L IBA, or 2.0 mg/L NAA with more than 80% in rooting ratio. The plantlets were treated at $5^{\circ}C$ for 8 weeks, and cultured ex vitro for 8 weeks. The survival ratio of plantlets were 100% in vermiculite, and the mixed soil with perlite 1 volumn and vermiculite 1 volumn.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.27-33
• /
• 1999

The classification of herniated intervertebral lumbar disc type is clinically important, as treatment method may be slightly different according to the type of herniated intervertebral disc. When 450 patients who suffered from herniated intervertebral lumbar disc were tested with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to find out the type of herniated disc, the following findings were given : 1. The age of the patients investigated ranged from 15 to 83, and their mean age was 40. 2. The male patients were twice as many as the female patients, since the ratio of males to females was 300 : 150. 3. 118 patients suffered from a single herniated disc, and 332 patients were attacked with multi-herniated disc. 4. The types of single herniated disc were a protrusion for 50 patients (40%) and an extrusion for 40 patients (34%). The part of being herniated was an intervertebral disc between $L_4-L_5$ for 95 patients(80%) and the same disc between $L_5-S_1$ for 22 patients(19%). 5. The types of multi : -herniated disc were an protrusion for 67 patients(20%) and an extrusion for 70 patients(21%). Besides, 90 patients (28%) were the case that protrusion and extrusion coexisted simultaneously. The parts of being herniated were $L_3-L_4,\;L_4-L_5$ and $L_5-S_1$ for 53 patients(16%), $L_3-L_4$ and $L_4-L_5$ for 57 patients(17%), and $L_4-L_5$ and $L_5-S_1$ for 139 patients(42%).

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.247-253
• /
• 2000

The effects of acute of marine toxicants on early life of coastal olive flounder were investigated. An increasing order of acute toxicity on embryo- and larva-stages of Paralichtys olivaceus was CdCl2$\mu\textrm{g}$/L and 29 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L, respectively, and those values at larva-stage were estimated 3.5 ng/L, 16.0 nL/L, 10.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L and 15.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
• /
• 2003.04a
• /
• pp.121.2-122
• /
• 2003

다슬기분말(PSB)과 그 회분(ASB)으로 제조한 칼슘락테이트(PCaL 및 ACaL)를 0.5%씩 첨가한 반죽의 발효와 빵의 품질 및 저장성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 반죽의 pH는 4.85~4.98로 ACaL.PCaL.대조군의 순으로 나타났다. 반죽의 부피와 빵의 loaf volume index는 대조군이 높았고 ACaL 첨가군이 낮았으며, pH를 5.50으로 조정하여 제조한 반죽의 부피와 빵의 loaf volume은 대조군과 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. PCaL 및 ACaL을 첨가한 빵의 Ca함량은 29.4~29.7 mg/100 g-f.w로 대조군의 13.0 mg/100 g-f.w에 비하여 높았으며, 첨가군의 미량 무기질로 Mg, Fe, Zn이 0.03~0.98 mg/100 g-f.w 범위로 검출되었다. 빵의 L$^{*}$ 값은 대조군과 실험군의 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, a＊값, b＊값은 PCaL 첨가군이 가장 높아 황갈색을 띄었다. 빵의 hardness, gumminess는 대조군$^{\circ}C$ 실온에 두면서 저장한 결과 대조군은 3일째부터, ACaL 첨가군은 5일째부터, PCaL 첨가군은 6일째부터 곰팡이가 번식하였다.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.28-33
• /
• 2008

The expression vector (pWHM3-TR1R2) for sprT gene encoding Streptomyces griseus trypsin (SGT) followed by two regulatory genes, sgtR1 and sgtR2, was introduced into Streptomyces lividans TK24 and Streptomyces griseus IFO 13350. Various media with different compositions were used to maximize the productivity of SGT in the recombinant trains. he SGT productivity was best when the transformant of S. lividans TK24 was cultivated in R2YE medium (0.74 unit/mL) at 5 days of cultivation. C5/L (0.66 unit/mL) medium also gave a good productivity, but Livid (0.08 unit/mL) and NDSK (0.06 unit/mL) yielded poor productivities. S. griseus IFO 13350/pWHM3-TR1R2 produced SGT by 1.518 unit/mL (C5/L), 1.284unit/mL (R2YE),0.932 unit/mL (NDSK), and 0.295 unit/mL (Livid) at 7 days of cultivation, which was much higher than those from S. lividans TK24/TR1R2. The SGT protein was purified from the culture broth of S. griseus IFO 13350/pWHM3-TR1R2 in C5/L to homogeneity via ammonium sulfate fractionation, and CM-sepharose and SP-sepharose column chromatographies. The specific activity of purified SGT was 69,252 unit/mg, and the final purification fold and recovery yield were 6.5 and 1.4%, respectively.