• 대한수학회보
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.221-231
• /
• 1995

Let $Z_1, Z_2, \ldots, Z_l$ be random set functions or intergrals. Then it is possible to discuss their products. In the case of random integrals, $Z_i$ is a random set function indexed y a family, $G_i$ say, of real valued functions g on $S_i$ for which the integrals $Z_i(g) = \smallint gdZ_i$ are well defined. If $g_i = \in g_i (i = 1, 2, \ldots, l) and g_1 \otimes \cdots \otimes g_l$ denotes the tensor product $g(s) = g_1(s_1)g_2(s_2) \cdots g_l(s_l) for s = (s_1, s_2, \ldots, s_l) and s_i \in S_i$, then we can defined $Z(g) = (Z_1 \times Z_2 \times \cdots \times Z_l)(g) = Z_1(g_1)Z_2(g_2) \cdots Z_l(g_l)$.

• 한국동물위생학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.65-69
• /
• 1993

A serological survey was conducted to detect the type of Leptospirosis in sows. Antigen(live antigen) tested were L.icterohemorrhagiae, L.pomonal, L.canicola, L.Hardjo, L.australis, L.autumnalis, L.grippotyphosa, L.pyrogens, L.bataviae, L.hebdomadis. The survey was performed from J one 1992 to December 1992 by microscopic-agglutination test. The results were as follows 1, Among the serum samples of 92 heads of the sows, 6 heads of the sow(6.5%) were positive. 2. Among the positive samples of 6 heads, L.icterihemorrhagiae were 4 heads(4.3%) and L. pomona 2 heads (2.2%), respectively. 3. Antibody titers of positive sera were ranging from 1：200 to 1：1600. 4. The seroprevalence of leptospira in Chechon city, Chechon county, Danyang county that Chechon county(3.3%) was higher than that of other districts(1% -2.2%).

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.450-455
• /
• 2005

아그로박테리움을 이용한 형질전환연구에 기초자료로 활용코자 기내배양중인 땅나리, 하늘나리, 대만나리의 잎절편으로부터 식물체를 유도하였다. 땅나리 잎절편으로부터 다수의 배양체를 얻기 위해서는 MS배지에 $0.2\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;BA$와 $0.5\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;NAA$를 첨가하여 암조건에서 배양하는 것이 효과적이었고, 하늘나리 잎 재분화에는 $0.2\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;BA$와 $2.0\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;NAA$ 혼용처리하는 것이 효과적이었으며, 대만나리의 잎 재분화에는 $1.0\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;BA$와 $1.0\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;NAA$ 혼용처리가 우수하였다.

• 대한수학회보
• /
• 제59권3호
• /
• pp.697-707
• /
• 2022

It is well known that the continued fraction expansion of ${\sqrt{d}}$ has the form $[{\alpha}_0,\;{\bar{{\alpha}_1,\;{\ldots},\;{\alpha}_{l-1},\;2_{{\alpha}_0}}]$ and ${\alpha}_1,\;{\ldots},\;{\alpha}_{l-1}$ is a palindromic sequence of positive integers. For a given positive integer l and a palindromic sequence of positive integers ${\alpha}_1,\;{\ldots},\;{\alpha}_{l-1},$ we define the set $S(l;{\alpha}_1,\;{\ldots},\;{\alpha}_{l-1})\;:=\;\{d{\in}{\mathbb{Z}}{\mid}d>0,\;{\sqrt{d}}=[{\alpha}_0,\;{\bar{{\alpha}_1,\;{\ldots},\;{\alpha}_{l-1},\;2_{{\alpha}_0}}],\;where\;{\alpha}_0={\lfloor}{\sqrt{d}}{\rfloor}\}.$ In this paper, we completely determine when $S(l;{\alpha}_1,\;{\ldots},\;{\alpha}_{l-1})$ is not empty in the case that l is 4, 5, 6, or 7. We also give similar results for $(1+{\sqrt{d}})/2.$ For the case that l is 4, 5, or 6, we explicitly describe the fundamental units of the real quadratic field ${\mathbb{Q}}({\sqrt{d}}).$ Finally, we apply our results to the Mordell conjecture for the fundamental units of ${\mathbb{Q}}({\sqrt{d}}).$

• 지구물리와물리탐사
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.124-130
• /
• 2007

탄성파 역산에 있어서 가장 널리 사용되는 최소자승($l^2$ norm)해는 이상치(outlier)에 매우 민감하게 반응하는 경향이 있다. 이에 반해서 $l^1$ norm을 최소화하는 해는 이상치에 강인한 면을 보이나 일반적으로 좀 더 많은 계산이 필요하다. 반복적가중의 최소자승법(Iteratively reweighted least squares [IRLS] method)을 이용하면 이러한 $l^1$ norm 문제의 근사해(approximate solution)를 효율적으로 구할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 작은 크기의 잔여분은 $l^2$ norm으로 처리하며, 큰 크기의 잔여분은 $l^1$ norm으로 처리하는 하이브리드 $l^1/l^2$ norm 최소화를 IRLS 방법에 쉽게 적용하는 구현 기법을 소개한다. 소개된 알고리즘은 특이치(singularity)처리를 위한 임계값의 결정에 민감하게 반응하는 기존의 $l^1$ norm IRLS 방법과는 달리 임계값 결정에 상관없이 늘 강인한 역산의 특성을 보여준다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2004

쪽파의 정단분열조직을 LS기본배지에 zeatin(0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0mg/L)과 NAA(0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0mgA)를 단독 및 혼합 첨가시키어 식물체 생산과 인경 형성율을 조사하였다. 정 단분열조직으로부터 신초 분화는 zeatin 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 mg/L 단독처리구와에 zeatin 0.5 mg/L에 NAA 1.0mg/L 혼합첨가구에서 가장 양호한 반응을 보였다. 뿌리분화율은 zeatin 0.5 mg/L에 NAA 1.0mg/L 혼합첨가구에서 가장 좋았다. 분화된 식물체로부터 정상적인 인경형성은 NAA단독첨가보다는 zeatin과의 혼합첨가가 효과적이었다. 특히 NAA 3.0mg/L에 zeatin 1.0mg/L를 혼합시켰을 때 정상적인 인경 형성에 가장 좋은 반응을 보였다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.119-123
• /
• 1998

박과식물과 우수한 접목친화성을 가진 것으로 알려진 야생식물인 Sicyos angulatus L.(일명 '안동오이')의 화기, 자엽 및 잎 조직을 배양하여 캘러스유도 및 체세포배의 획득 가능성을 밝히고 기내배양에 의한 묘의 대량증식에 필요한 기초자료를 얻고자 본 실험을 수행하였다. 자엽이나 화기 절편체로부터 캘러스유도를 위한 가장 적합한 식물생장조절제는 MS 배지에 각각 2,4-D 2.0㎎/L + BA 0.1 ㎎/L와 2,4-D 1.0㎎/L + BA 0.1 ㎎/L를 첨가한 것이었다. 잎 및 자엽 절편체로부터는 체세포배 발생이 되지 않았으나 화기 절편체에서는 체세포배 발생이 관찰되었다. 화기로부터 유래한 캘러스를 NAA 1.0 ㎎/L+ kinetin 1.0 ㎎/L가 첨가된 1/2 MS기본배지에 배양하면 가장 효율적으로 체세포배를 획득할 수 있었고, 탄소원으로는 sucrose 20 g/L가 가장 효율적이었다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.31-41
• /
• 2012

Recent studies have shown that the stop system of Korean is undergoing a sound change in terms of the two acoustic parameters, voice onset time (VOT) and fundamental frequency (f0). Because of a VOT merger of a consonantal opposition and onset-f0 interaction, the relative importance of the two parameters has been changing in Korean where f0 is a primary cue and VOT is a secondary cue in distinguishing lax from aspirated stops in speech production as well as perception. In English, however, VOT is a primary cue and f0 is a secondary cue in contrasting voiced and voiceless stops. This study examines how Korean English learners use the two acoustic parameters of L1 in producing L2 English stops and whether the sound change of acoustic parameters in L1 affects L2 speech production. The data were collected from six adult Korean English learners. Results show that Korean English learners use not only VOT but also f0 to contrast L2 voiced and voiceless stops. However, unlike VOT variations among speakers, the magnitude effect of onset consonants on f0 in L2 English was steady and robust, indicating that f0 also plays an important role in contrasting the [voice] contrast in L2 English. The results suggest that the important role of f0 in contrasting lax and aspirated stops in L1 Korean is transferred to the contrast of voiced and voiceless stops in L2 English. The results imply that, for Korean English learners, f0 rather than VOT will play an important perceptual cue in contrasting voiced and voiceless stops in L2 English.

• 한국수학사학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.81-93
• /
• 2014

The $L^1$-convergence of Fourier series problems through additional assumptions for Fourier coefficients were presented by W. H. Young in 1913. We say that they are the classical results. Using modified trigonometric series is the convenience method to study the $L^1$-convergence of Fourier series problems. they are called the neoclassical results. This study concerns with the $L^1$-convergence of Fourier series. We introduce the classical and neoclassical results of $L^1$-convergence sequentially. In particular, we investigate $L^1$-convergence results focused on the results of Bhatia's studies. In conclusion, we present the research minor lineage of Bhatia's studies and compare the classes of $L^1$-convergence mutually.

• 음성과학
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.91-112
• /
• 1998

This paper aimed at examining the influence of L1 (native language) phonology when speakers of L1 perceive L2 (foreign language) sounds. Korean and Japanese learners of English took a perception test of Australian English words 'work', 'walk' and 'wok'. Based on Korean and Japanese phonology, it was predicted that Korean subjects would face more difficulties than Japanese subjects. The results of the experiment substantiated the influence of L1 phonology in L2 learners' L2 sound perception.