• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2006

A new method to obtain explicit re-parameterization that preserves the curve degree and parametric domain is presented in this paper. The re-parameterization brings a curve very close to the arc length parameterization under $L_2$ norm but with less segmentation. The re-parameterization functions we used are $C^1$ continuous piecewise rational linear functions, which provide more flexibility and can be easily identified by solving a quadratic equation. Based on the outstanding performance of Mobius transformation on modifying pieces with monotonic parametric speed, we first create a partition of the original curve, in which the parametric speed of each segment is of monotonic variation. The values of new parameters corresponding to the subdivision points are specified a priori as the ratio of its cumulative arc length and its total arc length. $C^1$ continuity conditions are imposed to each segment, thus, with respect to the new parameters, the objective function is linear and admits a closed-form optimization. Illustrative examples are also given to assess the performance of our new method.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Biology Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.116-120
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• 2003

The genus Paracalanus Boeck, 1864 dominate zooplankton communities in waters off Korean peninsula. Zooplankton samples collected from four waters (Uljin, Hadong, Youngkwang, Cheju) were sorted for specimens belonging to the genus Paracalanus. Paracalanus sp. regarded to p. paMus or p. indicus were examined. Body of male has cephalosome dorsal hump (CDH). Urosomites have four segments in female and five segments in male. In male, antennule is symmetry and fused without geniculation. The male antennule carries more aesthetascs than those in female antennule. Female P1-P4 is similar to those of male in seta and spine formular. Spinules on surface of legs are different each other. The female P5 is symmetrical, and composed of 2 segment. In male, it is aymmetrical and left leg composed of 5 segments, right leg 2-segmented. Male found patch of fine spinule on terminal inner surface of outer process on fifth segment. Sexual dimorphism appear saliently in mouth appendages. Mandible lacks of gnathobase; maxillule is apparently reduced; maxilla degrades it i]l female and remains vestiges between maxillule and maxilliped; maxilliped terminal part indistinctly articulated and carrying behind three strong plumose setae. With the absence of gnathobase in male, we conclude that male Paracalanus sp. does not feed.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.550-554
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• 2000

Most extracranial schwannomas are solitary, but neurofibromas are frequently associated with other manietations of neurofibromatosis. Schwannomas that occur within the context of neurofibromatosis tend to be multiple, but multiple schwannomas without manifestation of neurofibromatosis type 2 are very rare. The authors report a very rare case of multiple spinal intradural schwannomas in the absence of neurofibromatosis Type 2 maniestations. A 40-year-old man suffered from longstanding low back pain and left side sciatica which was treated with two stage operations. MRI showed multiple intradural mass lesions extending from L1 vertebral segment to S1 vertebral segment. There were no clinical and radiological manifestations of Type 2 neurofibromatosis. Histologically confirmed diagnosis was schwannoma.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.212-219
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• 2004

Three isolates of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) from lily plants showing mosaic and distortion symptoms were detected by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using primers specific to Cucumovirus genus namely, LK-CMV, LK4-CMV, and LKS-CMV. Restriction enzymes patterns of the RT-PCR products revealed that the lily isolates belonged to subgroup IA of CMV. In terms of biological properties, the lily isolates have highly similar but distinct pathogenicity as reported in other lily strains and ordinary strains of CMV. To characterize the molecular properties, cDNAs containing coat protein (CP) gene and 3' non-coding region (NCR) of RNA3 for the isolates were cloned and their nucleotide sequences were determined. The CP similarity (218 amino acids) was highly homologous (>97％) with that of subgroup I CMV strains. However, an additional 20-nulcleotide long segment was only present in 3' NCR of lily isolates, which form an additional stem-loop RNA structure. By using chimeric construct exchange cDNA containing 3'NCR of LK-CMV into the full-length cDNA clone of RNA3 of Fny-CMV, this additional segment may prove to be significant in the identification and fitness of the virus in lily plants. The pathology of zucchini squash infected by F1F2L3-CMV, a pseudorecombinant virus was showed to change drastically the severe mosaic and stunting symptom into a mild chlorotic spot on systemic leave, compared with Fny-CMV. To delimit the sequence of RNA3 affected the pathology, various RNA3 chimeras were constructed between two strains of CMV. The symptom determinants of F1F2L3-CMV were mapped to the positions amino acid 234, 239, and 250 in 3a movement protein (MP). RNA3 chimeras changed the sequences encoding three amino acids were resulted in alteration of systemic symptom.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 2010

Background: We prospectively evaluated the incidence and possible factors causing intramuscular injection during lumbar sympathetic ganglion block and compared the multiple needle technique to the single technique to obtain a profound and complete block effect. Methods: Among 83 patients, 58 patients (group A, n = 27, multiple needle technique and group B, n = 31, single needle technique) were reevaluated for the changes of skin temperature (Ts) and mean segment of longitudinal contrast spread. After injecting the contrast agent, the incidence of psoas muscle injection and the change of Ts was compared between two groups. Results: The incidence of psoas muscle injection was 21.3% (46/216) and it was associated with the level of injection (L2) significantly (${\chi}_2$ = 14.773, P = 0.001). $DT^{post}$ (postblock temperature difference between ipsilateral and contralateral great toe, $4.6{\pm}2.8^{\circ}C$, $1.8{\pm}1.6^{\circ}C$, P < 0.001 for group A and B) and $DT^{net}$ ($DT^{post}$ - $DT^{pre}$, $3.9{\pm}2.7^{\circ}C$, $1.5{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$, P < 0.001 for group A and B) was significantly higher in group A. The mean segment of longitudinal contrast spread was $8.1{\pm}0.9$ for group A and $3.2{\pm}1.6$ for group B (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The LSGB at the L2 level showed the lowest incidence of psoas muscle injection of contrast. Multiple needle approach showed more significant increase of $DT^{net}$ and $DT^{post}$.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.500-507
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• 2020

This paper presents a risk assessment methodology for standard flight procedures using recorded automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) data. Utilizing the proposed methodology, the results of risk analyses in RKSI (incheon international airport) and RKSS (gimpo international airport) using trajectories that are regenerated based on 100 days of ADS-B data are presented. For the risk metric, detect and avoid well clear (DWC) is used. With this index, each procedure was evaluated for the sections with highest level of risk. Among the standard instrument departure (SID) of RKSI, the section between SI712 and RANOS of RNAV BOPTA 1L showed the highest level of risk. For the standard terminal arrival route (STAR) of RKSI, section between SI947 and DANAN of RNAV GUKDO 1N wasthe one with the highest level of risk. For RKSS, the segment between SS726 and SS727 of RNAV BULTI 1X and the segment between KAKSO and KALMA of RNAV OLMEN 1D showed the highest level of risk among the SIDs and STARs, respectivly.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.48-50
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• 2014

Brucellosis is caused by gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, facultative, intracellular coccobacilli belonging to the genus Brucella. A 50-year-old man working as an employee was admitted to neurosurgery clinic with severe low back, radicular right leg pain and hypoesthesia in right L4-5 dermatomes for 2 months. Brucella tube agglutination (Wright) test was positive in serum sample of the patient with a titer of 1/640. Brucella melitensis was isolated from blood culture. X-ray and MRI of the lomber spine showed massive collapse of L4 vertebral body. Neural tissue was decompressed and then posterior L3-5 short segment transpedicular screw fixation and stabilization was performed. Brucella melitensis was isolated from microbiologic culture of pathologic specimen. Antibiotic therapy was given as doxycycline 200 mg/day and rifampicin 600 mg/day for 6 months. Brucellosis is a systemic zoonotic infection and still an important public health problem in many geographical parts of the world. Vertebral body collapse caused by brucellosis occurs very rarely but represents a neurosurgical emergency because of its potential for causing rapidly progressive spinal cord compression and permanent paralysis. Neurosurgeons, emergency department personnel as well as infectious disease specialists should always keep a high index of suspicion and include brucellosis in the differential diagnosis of vertebral body collapse.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.515-518
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• 1998

The effect of ethylene on the proliferation of rhizomes and plant regeneration were investigated from rhizome segment culture of Cymbidium niveo-marginatum. Ethylene levels in the rhizome culture vessels were reached a maximum after 8 days of culture; total amount of ethylene evolution was much on the initiation of shoot induction than of rhizome proliferation. The treatment with ethephon on rhizomes was inhibited in the proliferation of rhizome and the growth of shoot length; however, the treatment was effective on shoot induction from rhizomes. Aminoethoxyvinylglycine(AVG) 1mg/L was effective on the proliferation of rhizomes and shoot induction from them; however, the proliferation of them was inhibited, and the growth of shoot length was significantly promoted at the concentration of 10mg/L AVG. The presence of $\textrm{AgNO}_{3}$ inhibited in the proliferation of rhizomes and shoot induction from them.

• BMB Reports
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.394-399
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• 2008

Multiple sequence alignments of the Bombyx mori fibroin light chain gene (fib-L) from hybrids and from Chinese and Japanese strains demonstrated that 51.6% of the fib-L third intron is conserved. One of these conserved segments, 41 bp long, contains the sequence CGTTATTATACATATT, which is duplicated in the B. mori Nd-$s^D$ mutant. In the present work, electrophoretic mobility assays and computational analyses revealed a major peak of intrinsic bent DNA within the segment that undergoes breakage in the previously-described Nd-$s^D$ mutation. This result suggested that this intrinsically-curved region might mediate DNA cleavage and enhance recombination events in the third intron of the Bombyx mori fib-L gene.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2009

In this paper, we study the problem to fit a piecewise-quadratic polynomial curve to points in the plane. The curve consists of quadratic polynomial segments and two points are connected by a segment. But it passes through a subset of points, and for the points not to be passed, the error between the curve and the points is estimated in $L^{\infty}$ metric. We consider two optimization problems for the above problem. One is to reduce the number of segments of the curve, given the allowed error, and the other is to reduce the error between the curve and the points, while the curve has the number of segments less than or equal to the given integer. For the number n of given points, we propose $O(n^2)$ algorithm for the former problem and $O(n^3)$ algorithm for the latter.