• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.423-429
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of the application of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from kimchi as a starter culture in the production of fermented sausages. To achieve this, a submerged model medium that contained LAB as part of a complex system of kimchi (0.5, 1.0, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0%) and lyophilized kimchi powder (0.2 and 0.5%) was fermented for 120 h. During the fermentation period, the growth of total viable organisms and LAB, and the changes in the pH and the titratable acidity, were investigated. The initial LAB counts ranged from 6.4 to 7.7 Log CFU/mL for the kimchi media, and from 6.9 to 6.9 Log CFU/mL for the kimchi powder media. In all the kimchi batches, the LAB increased logarithmically, and the highest LAB counts (around 9 Log CFU/mL) were reached in 24 h. An evident lag phase of the LAB was observed in the kimchi powder samples and reached 8.8 Log CFU/mL in 8 h. The decrease in the pH and the formation of lactic acid were rapid in the kimchi batches, and reached pH values of 3.4-3.5 in 12 h. With these results, the LAB that was integrated with the addition of kimchi or kimchi powder demonstrated its potential utility as a substitute for starter culture.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.385-390
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• 2003

An antimicrobial peptide was purified from the roots of Phytolacca americana L. and was designated as PAMP-r. Purification was carried out by DEAE-cellulose anion exchange, sephadex G-75 gel filtration, Mono S cation exchange, and Resource RPC reverse phage chromatography. The molecular weight of PAMP-r was estimated to be about 4,900 Da by 15% SDS-PAGE under reducing condition. PAMP-r exhibited a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. PAMP-r was stable against heat and pH treatment; its activity was not diminished by the heat treatment up to $80^{\circ}C$ for 30 min, and it showed a pH stability in the range between pH 3.0 to pH 8.0.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.173-180
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• 1994

Let H be a separable, infinite dimensional, compled Hilbert space and let L(H) be the algebra of all bounded linear operators on H. A dual algebra is a subalgebra of L(H) that contains the identity operator $I_{H}$ and is closed in the ultraweak topology on L(H). Note that the ultraweak operator topology coincides with the wea $k^{*}$ topology on L(H)(see [3]). Bercovici-Foias-Pearcy [3] studied the problem of solving systems of simultaneous equations in the predual of a dual algebra. The theory of dual algebras has been applied to the topics of invariant subspaces, dilation theory and reflexibity (see [1],[2],[3],[5],[6]), and is deeply related with properties ( $A_{m,n}$). Jung-Lee-Lee [7] introduced n-separating sets for subalgebras and proved the relationship between n-separating sets and properties ( $A_{m,n}$). In this paper we will study the relationship between direct sum and properties ( $A_{m,n}$). In particular, using some results of [7] we obtain relationship between n-separating sets and direct sum of von Neumann algebras.ras.s.ras.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.101-106
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• 1992

pH-ISFETs, the semiconductor pH sensors, were combined with immobilized enzyme membranes to prepare FET type urea and glucose sensors and its operational characteristics were investigated. Photolithography techniques were applied to immobilize enzymes on the $H^{+}$ sensing membrane of the pH-ISFET with photo-sensitive polymers, PVA-SbQ. Fabricated urea and glucose sensors could determine $0.5{\sim}50{\;}mg/dl$ urea concentrations and $10{\sim}1000{\;}mg/dl$ glucose concentrations, respectively.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.847-853
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• 2005

A total of 60 growth curves were generated with combinations of temperature, pH, and potassium lactate (PL) (60% (v/v) commercial solution) to determine the lag time (LT) and specific growth rate (SGR) of L. monocytogenes in broth. LT and SGR were significantly (P<0.05) affected by temperature, pH, concentration of PL, or the combined interaction of these factors. LT was extended and SGR was reduced significantly (P<0.05) by increased concentration of PL at lower temperature and pH. Listericidal effect was observed in the broth containing 2, 3, and 4% PL at pH 5.0 and $4^{\circ}C$. The antimicrobial activity of PL against L. monocytogenes increased when the pH of the medium was decreased at all temperatures tested. The results suggest that PL has antimicrobial properties to suppress the growth of L. monocytogenes. Potassium lactate has many potential applications as an antimicrobial additive in variety of refrigerated ready-to-eat foods.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.516-522
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• 2002

The ion exchange characteristic of quaternary ammonium as functional group containing aminated acrylic fibrous ion exchanger were studied for the adsorption of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) in a continuous ion exchange process. The adsorption capacities of aminated acrylic for LAS as the adsorption temperature were increased with increasing adsorption temperature and were equilibrated at $40^{\circ}C$. The maximum adsorption capacities as column packing ratio (L/D) were obtained at L/D>2. The adsorption capacity for LAS was increased with increasing pH and the maximum adsorption capacity as pH was obtained at pH 7. The effects of temperature and pH were similar to those of flow rate and concentration of LAS tin the breakthrough curves, the breakthrough time and slope of breakthrough corves decreased with increasing flow rate and concentration of LAS in adsorption process.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.2017-2022
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• 2012

Three isostructural lanthanide coordination polymers, $[Ln(L)_3(H_2O)_2](H_2O)_3$ {Ln = Eu (1), Tb (2), Gd (3); L = $trans$-3-(3-pyridyl)acrylate, (3-py)-CH=CH-COO}, were prepared from HL, lanthanide nitrate, and NaOH in $H_2O$ by microwave heating. In all coordination polymers, the metal is bonded to eight oxygen atoms, and all pyridyl nitrogen atoms do not coordinate to the metals. All polymers have a 1-D loop-connected chain structure. The hydrogen atoms in the aqua ligands and lattice water molecules all participate in the hydrogen bonds of the O-$H{\cdots}O$ or O-$H{\cdots}N$ type. The hydrogen bonds connect the 1-D chains to create a 2-D network. Polymer 1 exhibited red luminescence in the solid state at room temperature.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2021

DIWS system was introduced to remove hydrogen sulfide from the biogas of wastewater treatment plant. In the case of using water into the DIWS system more than 5,000mg/L of hydrogen sulfide, 25% of H2S removal efficiency was shown and required such further treatment process as incineration which was obtained more than 98%. When the inflow of hydrogen sulfide was 5,000mg/L, CH4 and CO2 were effectively discharged and the reduction was 8.7% and 28.6%, respectively. When such neutralization chemicals as Na2CO3 and NaOH were introduced into the DIWS system, H2S was removed more than 97.2% keeping pH in the range of 11.2 to 11.5.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.156-168
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to investigate the anti-Helicobacter pylori and anti-cancer activities of the live cells (LC), cell-free culture supernatants (CFCS), and bacteriocin solution (BS) obtained from Lactobacillus acidophilus BK13 and Lactobacillus paracasei BK57 strains. After incubation for 30 h in MRS broth, the concentration of lactic acid produced by L. paracasei BK57 ($155.9{\pm}10.2mM$) was higher than in MRS broth using L. acidophilus BK13 ($126.8{\pm}7.9mM$). Maximum bacteriocin activity (128 AU/ml) of BK13 strain was observed after 30 h of cultivation at $37^{\circ}C$, however its magnitude was significantly lower than that of BK57 strain (256 AU/ml). The LC of L. acidophilus BK13 and L. paracasei BK57 were able to inhibit the growth of H. pylori ATCC 43504 at different incubation times, depending on the initial inoculum of the LAB. These CFCS and BS obtained from BK13 and BK57 strains dramatically inhibited the growth, adhesive ability, and enzymatic activity of H. pylori. Meanwhile, the anti-cancer effect of the lactic acid from L. acidophilus BK13 and L. paracasei BK57 strains on AGS cells had significant differences with the control group. Therefore, these antagonistic substances-producing strains are potentially useful as new potential antimicrobial agents for the management and prevention of H. pylori infections.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1989.02a
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• pp.28-29
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• 1989