• Title/Summary/Keyword: Kyoho

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Sclerotinia Shoot Rot of Grapevine (Vitis spp.) Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Korea (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum에 의한 포도나무 균핵병 발생)

  • Park, Jong-Han;Han, Kyung-Sook;Han, You-Kyoung;Lee, Jung-Sup;Kim, Dae-Hyun;Hwang, Jeong-Hwan
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.259-261
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    • 2009
  • Sclerotinia shoot rot of Grapevine(Vitis labruscana) occurred at Gapyeong and Yeongwol area from 2003 to 2005. Infected plants showed shoot blight at the one-year-old fruit bearing branches. The first visible symptom noticed was wilting and blighting of the branches. The obvious and typical initial symptom is the presence of a cottony, white, dense mat of mycelial growth on the surface of the diseased lesions. The base or stem of the infected young shoots develop a pale brown rotted area, which girdled and killed shoots. In advanced stages of the disease, stems and branches became bleached and eventually died. The isolates collected from diseased grapevine stem were identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum based on the morphological and cultural characteristics. The pathogenicity test revealed that Vitis vinifera(cultivar: Kyoho) was stronger than V. labruscana(cultivar: Campbell early) to the pathogen. This is the first report on sclerotinia shoot rot of grapevine in Korea.

Effects of Streptomycin Sulfate on Parthenocarpy Induction in Grapes (Streptomycin을 이용(利用)한 포도(葡萄)의 단위결과(單爲結果) 유기(誘起)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Im, Eum Lyang;Lee, Jae Chang
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.37-46
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    • 1985
  • Several seeded cultivars of Vitis labruscana showing various responses to GA-induced seedlessness were tested to study the effects of streptomycin sulfate on induction of parthenocarpy. The results were summarized as follows. 1. Prebloom dipping of streptomycin sulfate at 200 ppm induced 90~100 % parthenocarpy in 'Schuyler', 'Delaware', 'Ohira-Dela.' and 'Tanored' cultivars and also stimulated maturity but did not show any toxic effects. 2. In most cultivars, the addition of 25 ppm GA to streptomycin tended to increase berry setting and induction of parthenocarpy. 3. Dipping of strepto mycin alone in 'Campbell Early' severely induced berry abscission but the addition of calcium acetate or BA to streptomycin slightly increased setting of berries. 4. In 'Kyoho' and 'Pione' cultivars, streptomycin successfully induced parthenocarpy. Berry setting by streptomycin treatment was variable according to environmental conditions. 5. In 'Campbell Early' and 'Tanored' cultivars, streptomycin severely reduced viability of pollen.

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Analysis of Immunomodulating Activities in Methanol Extracts from Several Kinds of Grapes (포도 품종별 메탄올 추출물로부터 면역활성 분석)

  • Heo, Jin-Chul;Woo, Sang-Uk;Kweon, Mi-Ae;Kim, Bo-Bae;Lee, Sook-Hee;Lee, Jin-Man;Choi, Jong-Uck;Chung, Shin-Kyo;Lee, Sang-Han
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.419-424
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    • 2007
  • Fruits and vegetable extracts are well-known as healthy foods. Such foods have been used as herbal medicines or traditional therapies for centuries. To assess biological activities in grapes, we examined the immunomodulating activities of water extracts from four kinds of grapes (cultivars Kyoho, Delaware, Campbell, and Niagara). We explored possible antioxidant and anticancer activities using antioxidant assays such as the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reduction assay, the ferric iron reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay, a cell proliferation assay, an NO inhibition assay, a wound healing assay, and an IL-4/IL-13 elicitation assay. Methanol extracts of grapes were tested. The results showed that each grape extract had potent antioxidant activities. The grape extracts increased cell proliferation and NO production activities in tumor cell lines. IL-4 and IL-13 cytokine levels were decreased in mouse primary spleen cells by treatment with any extract. These results suggest that grape extracts can be used as biomaterials with immunomodulating activities.

Analysis of Genetic Relationships of Grapevine Cultivars (Vitis ssp.) in Korea Using RAPD Markers (RAPD를 이용한 한국 포도 품종의 계통유연관계 분석)

  • Yoo, Ki Yeol;Cho, Kang-Hee;Shin, Il-Sheob;Kim, Jeong Hee;Heo, Seong;Noh, Jung Ho;Kim, Hyun Ran
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.41 no.4
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    • pp.437-443
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    • 2009
  • In this study, we used the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique to evaluate the genetic relationships among 29 grapevine cultivars (Vitis spp.). Sixty selective primers detected a total of 558 polymorphic bands. By UPGMA (unweighted pair-group method arithmetic average) cluster analysis with 558 polymorphic bands, the 29 grapevine cultivars were divided into six major groups at 58.8% genetic similarity. The "Super Hamburg" was clustered in group I. Group II consisted of "Wonkyo RA-23", "Muscat Hamburg", "Tano Red", and "Tankeumchu". Group III consisted of "Alden", "Wonkyo RA -21", "Wonkyo RA-30", and "Dutchess". Group IV included 14 grapevine cultivars ("Heukgoosul", "Heukbosuk", "Suok", "Wonkyo RA-29", "Wonkyo RA-22", "Kyoho", "Pione", "Beniizu", "Golden Muscat", "Jinok", "Doonuri", "Campbell Early", "Delaware", and "Schuyler"). Group V consisted of "Hongdan", "Tamnara", "Hongisul", and "Himrod seedless". Group VI included 2 cultivars ("Cheongsoo", and "S. 9110").

Optimization of Fermentation Process and Quality Properties of Wild Grape Wine (산머루 와인의 최적 발효조건 및 품질특성)

  • Kim, Eun-Jung;Kim, Yeong-Hoon;Kim, Jong-Won;Lee, Hyo-Hyung;Ko, Yu-Jin;Park, Mi-Hwa;Lee, Jeong-Ok;Kim, Young-Suk;Ha, Yeong-Lae;Ryu, Chung-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.366-370
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    • 2007
  • Wild grapes contain various organic acids, vitamins, and inorganic salts compared to other various fruits. Their anthocyanin compounds are also known to have excellent effects in preventing cancers and heart diseases. Wild grapes are supposed to be a superior material for wine fermentation. This study was performed for searching optimum conditions for producing wild grape wines to improve their quality and taste. Four wild strains were isolated from Muscat Bailey A, ‘Kyoho’ grapevine, and wild grapes. For wild grape wine production, an optimum initial sugar concentration was $24^{\circ}Brix$ and an optimum temperature was $24^{\circ}C$. Sensory characteristics of the wild grape wine were evaluated for incense, sour taste, astringency, and sweet taste. Quality properties of the wild grape wine produced under the optimized fermentation conditions were analyzed. Total sugar, polyphenol contents, and acidity of the wild grape wine were 50.00 mg/mL, 25.30 mg/mL, and 0.95%, showing higher value than those of commercial grape wines. Amino acids, tannins, alcohol contents, and pH were 1.80 mg/mL, 1.88 mg/mL, 12%, and 3.59, respectively. The optimum fermentation conditions can be used to improve quality of the wild grape wine.

Fruit Quality and Harvest Time of 'Heukboseok' Grape by Fruit Load (착과량에 따른 '흑보석' 포도의 과실 품질 및 수확기)

  • Jung, MyungHee;Kwon, YongHee;Lee, ByulHaNa;Park, YoSup;Park, Hee-Seung
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.289-295
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    • 2014
  • This research was conducted to investigate a difference in quality according to control of fruit load and cluster weight when seeded 'Heukboseok' grape was grown in a conventional cultivation system. Clusters per vine were set to harvest 1,500 kg, 1,800 kg, and 2,200 kg grapes per $990m^2$. In p lots t reated t o produce 1,800 kg grapes, clusters were set to 3 grades produce grapes with 350 g, 500 g, and 700 g in cluster weight. Based on color chart (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Admnistration) which show maturation stage for 'Kyoho' grape, grapes with higher than grade 9 were harvested at 80 and 90 days after full bloom, and the r est of them were harvested a t 100 days after full bloom. The final yield of 'Heukboseok' grape was the lowest in target yield of 1,800 kg with 700 g clusters with 75.5% of target yield, but 92.1%-100.1% of target yield were harvested in other treatments. Among treatments with several fruit setting, 83.3% of grapes harvested in treatment to produce 1,500 kg grapes as a target yield at 90 days after full bloom. Among the treatments with different cluster weights, 93.5% grapes were harvested in the treatment with 350 g in cluster weight. 'Heukboseok' grape showed rapid maturation pattern with no significant difference in either soluble solids content or acidity between 90 days from 80 days after full bloom. Therefore, to prevent flesh softening, it is appropriate to harvest fruit at 90 days after full blooms, and both yield and cluster weight were important factors influencing the quality of the fruits in 'Heukboseok' grape. It is confirmed that coloring and firmness was influenced by the final yield and weight per cluster, respectively. Therefore, the yield should be set as grape of 1,500 kg per $990m^2$ in target yield, and cluster weight should be adjusted to 350 g to produce grape of 1,800 kg with the fruits of high quality. It is considered to be hard to produce grape of high quality with 700 g in cluster weight in 'Heukboseok' grape.

Growth and Fruit Characteristics of Vitis amurensis Rupr. Collected in Gangwondo (강원도에서 수집된 왕머루의 생장과 과실특성)

  • Park, Young-Sik;Heo, Jae-Yun;Kim, In-Jong;Heo, Su-Jeong;Kim, Kyung-Hee;Jeong, Byung-Chan;Park, Sung-Min
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.13 no.6
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    • pp.226-233
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    • 2005
  • This study was carried out to evaluate the fruit and growth characteristics of selecting Vitis amurensis through functional material analysis and sensory evaluation in V. amurensis collected in Gangwondo. For evaluation of growth characteristics in V. amurensis, experiments were carried out by compared with the two grape cultivars 'Campbell Early' and 'Kyoho'. The full bloom and verasion time in V. amurensis was investigated faster than those of examined cultivar grapes, while harvest time was investigated latter than those of examined cultivar grapes, but agronomic characteristics was not thought significantly difference between cultivar grapes and V. amurensis. For evaluation of shoot growth phase, the growth curve was very similar to cultivar grapes. The berry size in V. amurensis showed that increases rapidly between 3 and 4 days after full bloom time, and approximately doubles between the second growth period and harvest time, and the berry development phase investigated that consist of two sigmoid growth periods separated by a lag phase. The berry weight and soluble solids in V. amurensis increased with the tree age, but acidity and total sugar contents decreased, and showed a special quality and stable growth according to vine age. To investigation of functional materials, the anthocyanin content in V. amurensis ranged from 16.6 to 50.2 mg/100 g, and the resveratrol content ranged from 0.143 to $0.236{\mu}g/100\;g$ which was higher than those of cultivar grapes. These result indicated that V. amurensis tended to have the useful material larger than cultivar grapes. Therefore, other edibility factors of V. amurensis collected in Gangwondo may contribute to breeding studies in Vitis. spp.