• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1199-1208
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• 2005

Nowadays, it is performed actively to optimize by using an approximate model. This is called the approximate optimization. In addition, the sequential approximate optimization (SAO) is the repetitive method to find an optimum by considering the convergence of an approximate optimum. In some recent studies, it is proposed to increase the fidelity of approximate models by applying the sequential sampling. However, because the accuracy and efficiency of an approximate model is directly connected with the design area and the termination criteria are not clear, sequential sampling method has the disadvantages that could support an unreasonable approximate optimum. In this study, the SAO is executed by using trust region, Kriging model and Optimal Latin Hypercube design (OLHD). Trust region is used to guarantee the convergence and Kriging model and OLHD are suitable for computer experiment. finally, this SAO method is applied to various optimization problems of highly nonlinear mathematical functions. As a result, each approximate optimum is acquired and the accuracy and efficiency of this method is verified by comparing with the result by established method.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.370-379
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• 2015

최근 기후변화로 인하여 돌발성 집중호우 등의 기상재해가 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 이러한 재해로 인한 피해의 대응을 위해서 강우의 정밀한 관측과 더불어서 정확한 공간분포의 파악도 중요한 문제로 대두되고 있다. 따라서 레이더 강우자료 등을 같이 활용하는 연구도 진행되어 왔으나, 아직까지 지상우량계의 강우공간분포를 추정하는데에는 한계가 존재하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 남강댐 유역을 대상으로 공간보간기법인 크리깅 기법을 적용하여 강우장을 추정하고자 하였다. 국내에서 일반적으로 사용되는 크리깅 기법인 OK(Ordinary Kriging), CK(Co-Kriging) 방법과 함께 KED(Kriging with External Drift) 기법을 적용하여 강우장을 추정하고 비교하여 각각의 기법의 적용성을 평가하고자 한다. 정량적 평가 결과, OK 기법은 상관계수 0.978, Slope best-fit line 0.915, $R^2$ 0.957의 값을 가지며 MAE, RMSE, MSSE, MRE 값이 0에 가장 근접하는 우수한 결과를 나타내었으며, 다음으로 KED, CK 순으로 좋은 결과를 나타내었다. 그러나 정량적 평가만으로는 강우의 공간분포에 대한 정확한 평가를 하는데 있어 한계성을 가지고 있으므로 강우공간분포의 참값으로 가정되는 레이더강우장과의 공간분포특성을 수치화하여 유사성을 비교할 수 있는 기법에 대한 제시가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.355-368
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• 2004

In order to use Kriging, one has to estimate three parameters(nugget, sill and range) of semivariogram, which shows the relationship in the given two sites. A visual fit of the semivariogram parameters to a few standard models is widely used. But, it does not give the suitable results and not provide the automated process of Kriging. The gradient based nonlinear least squares is another choices to estimate three parameters, but it has some problems such as initial value problem. In this paper, we suggest the genetic algorithm as a compatible alternative method to solve the above mentioned problem. Finally, we estimate three parameters of semivariogram of rain-fall by adapting the genetic algorithm, compute Kriging estimate and conclude its effectiveness and compatibility.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.806-819
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• 2010

센서스 단위의 인구자료는 기초적인 인문사회 자료로 행정구역 단위로 요약되어 공간분석에 시용된다. 정밀한 인구 분포를 추정하기 위해 기존의 연구에서는 위성영상과 회귀분석 모형을 이용하였다. 하지만 회귀식에 의한 추정치는 공간자료의 공간적자기상관과 잔차 때문에 정확도에 있어 한계가 있었다. 본 연구는 회귀모형과 회귀모형에서 추출된 잔차에 대해 공간적자기상관을 고려하도록 크리깅 보간하는 RK모형(Regression Kriging Model)을 이용하여 인구분포의 추정 정확도를 향상하였다. RK모형을 적용하여 서울시의 4개구를 대상으로 사례분석을 하였으며, 모형의 효율성을 검증하기 위해 회귀분석만을 이용한 예측 결과와 RK모형을 이용한 예측 결과를 서로 비교하였다. 비교한 결과로 상관관계 계수 평균제곱근 오차, G 통계량 수치에서 RK모형의 추정 정확도가 기존의 회귀모형에 비해 높게 나온 것을 확인할수 있었다. 향후 정확한 인구추정을 위해 RK모형이 많이 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2008

Rail clamps are mechanical components installed to fix the container crane to its lower members against wind blast or slip. According to rail clamps should be designed to survive harsh wind loading conditions. In this study, a jaw structure, which is a part of a wedge-typed rail clamp, is optimized with respect to its strength under a severe wind loading condition. According to the classification of structural optimization, the structural optimization of a jaw is included in the category of shape optimization. Conventional structural optimization methods have difficulties in defining complex shape design variables and preventing mesh distortions. To overcome the difficulties, the metamodel using Kriging interpolation method is introduced to replace the true response by an approximate one. This research presents the shape optimization of a jaw using iterative Kriging interpolation models and a simulated annealing algorithm. The new Kriging models are iteratively constructed by refining the former Kriging models. This process is continued until the convergence criteria are satisfied. The optimum results obtained by the suggested method are compared with those obtained by the DOE (design of experiments) and VT (variation technology) methods built in ANSYS WORKBENCH.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.2
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• pp.329-334
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• 2006

Rail clamps are mechanical components installed to fix the container crane to its bottoms from wind blast or slip. Rail clamps should be designed to survive the harsh wind loading condition. In this study, the jaw structure that is one part of wedge-typed rail clamp is optimized, considering strength under the severe wind loading condition. According to the classification of structural optimization, the structural optimization of a jaw belongs to shape optimization. In the conventional structural optimization methods, they have difficulties in defining complex shape design variables and preventing mesh distortions. To overcome the difficulties, the metamodel using kriging interpolation method is introduced, replacing true response by approximate one. This research presents the shape optimization of a jaw using iterative kriging interpolation models and simulated annealing algorithm. The new kriging models are iteratively constructed by refining the former kriging models. This process is continued until the convergence criteria are satisfied. The optimum results obtained by the suggested method are compared with those obtained by the DOE (design of experiments) and VT (variation technology) methods built in ANSYS WORKBENCH.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.1016-1021
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• 2008

In this study, effective methods for reliability estimation and reliability-based design optimization(RBDO) are proposed using kriging metamodel and genetic algorithm. In our previous study, we proposed the accurate method for reliability estimation using two-staged kriging metamodel and genetic algorithm. In this study, the possibility of applying the previously proposed method to RBDO is examined. The accuracy of that method is much improved than the first order reliability method with similar efficiency. Finally, the effective method for RBDO is proposed and applied to numerical examples. The results are compared to the existing RBDO methods and shown to be very effective and accurate.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2009

The objective of this research is to design blade planform to reduce high speed impulsive(HSI) noise from a non-lifting helicopter rotor using CFD method and optimization techniques. As for the aero-acoustic analysis, CFD technique for aerodynamic analysis and Kirchhoff's method for the acoustic analysis were used. As for the optimization method, Kriging-based genetic algorithm(GA) model as a high-fidelity optimization method was chosen. Design variables and constraints are determined for arbitrary blade planform. The result shows that the optimized blade planform with high swept-back and taper ratio can reduce HSI noise by suppressing generation of the strong shock wave on blade surface and propagation of the noise to the farfield flow region.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2010

크리깅기법은 지반공학분야에서 지층 또는 지반정수의 공간적 분포 추정을 위하여 적용되고 있다. 각각의 크리깅기법에 따라서 추정결과가 상이하기 때문에 추정목적에 부합하는 크리깅 기법 선택은 중요한 문제이다. 본 논문에서는 단순크리깅, 정규크리깅, 일반크리깅을 사용하여 인천 송도국제도시의 압밀층 두께를 추정하였으며, 크리깅 기법에 따른 추정결과의 신뢰성을 분석하였다. 분석결과 단순크리깅은 정규크리깅과 일반크리깅에 비하여 측정자료와 멀리 떨어진 위치에서의 압밀층 두께를 크게 추정하며, 추정결과의 신뢰성도 낮았다. 일반크리킹은 측정자료와 멀리 떨어진 일부 위치에서 압밀층 두께를 음의 값으로 추정하는 것으로 나타났다. 압밀층 두께를 추정하기 위한 가장 적절한 크리깅 기법은 가장 신뢰성이 높고 물리적으로 합당한 추정범위 내의 값을 추정한 정규크리깅 기법인 것으로 분석되었다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.493-498
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to develop geostatistical model for evaluating the abundance of deep-sea manganese nodule. The abundance data used in this study were obtained from the KODOS (Korea Deep Ocean Study) area. The variation of nodule abundance was very high within short distance, while sampling methods was very limited. As the distribution of nodule abundance showed non-gaussian, indicator simulation method was used instead of conditional simulation method and/or ordinary kriging. The abundance data were encoded into a series of indicators with 6 cutoff values. They were used to estimate the conditional probability distribution function (cpdf) of the nodule abundance at any unsampled location. The standardized indicator variogram models were obtained according to variogram analysis. This SIS method had the advantage over other traditional techniques such as the turning bands method and ordinary kriging. The estimating values by indicator conditional simulation near high abundance area were more detailed than by ordinary kriging and indicator kriging. They also showed better spatial characteristics of distribution of nodule abundance.