• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.341-344
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• 2008

We investigated the responses of red squirrels to pine nuts (Pinus koraiensis) treated with Lithium Chloride (LiCl) and the potential of the chemical for inducing conditioned taste aversion (CTA) in red squirrels. In red squirrels, nut feeding declined dramatically during the first 4 days after feeding with LiCl-treated nuts. The ratio of LiCl-treated nuts eaten to total nuts eaten declined from the $1^{st}$ day in LC-1 and the $2^{nd}$ day in LC-2, along with a general reduction in quantity eaten. Thus, feeding with LiCl-treated nuts induced CTA from the 2nd day after feeding, and CTA remained constant until the $4^{th}$ day, but disappeared on the $5^{th}$ day. The squirrels ate an average of $757.0{\pm}106.1mg$ (n = 2, range $682.0\sim832.0$) of LiCl before dying on the $16^{th}$ day of the study. The lethal dose of LiCl was 2.32 mg LiCl/g body weight, and the average amount of LiCl needed to induce CTA was $23.0{\pm}4.24mg$ (20 mg in LC-1 and 26 mg in LC-2).

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.73-79
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• 1981

In order to know the morphology and the function of the fat-storing cells (FSC) of the squirrels which were captured at the Pal-Gong mountain near Taegu in December, 1980 (Group A) and May, 1981 (Group B), respectively, the light and electron microscopic observations were conducted on the liver of the squirrels. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Light microscopically, the size of the lipid droplets in the FSC of group A was uniformly larger than those in the cells of group B, and number of the droplets in the FSC of group A was less than those in the cells of group B, The distribution of the FSC of group A was mainly perilobular area while those of group B was centrolobular and midzonal areas. In this point of view, the FSC of the squirrels was similar to those cells of the hamsters. 2. Electron microscopically, general morphology of the sqirrel's FSC was accorded with those of the other mammals. However, the rouph surfaced endoplasmic reticulum in the FSC of group B was more dilated than those in the cells of group A, and more lipid droplets and pinocytopic vesicles were observed in the FSC of group B than those in the cells of group A. 3. From the above evidences, it could be suggested that the metabolic rates in the FSC of the squirrels collected in the spring were higher than those in the cells of the animals collected in the winter.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.255-259
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• 1990

G-banding 방법에 의하여 한국산 청서와 다람쥐의 핵형을 비교분석한 결과 두 종의 모든 염색체를 동정할 수 있었으며 청서의 9, 10, 12번 염색체 및 X염색체와 다람쥐의 6, 9, 12번 염색체 및 X염색체의 banding pattern이 동일하였다. 또한 청서의 1, 7, 8, 16번 염색체들과 다람쥐의 4, 10, 7, 17번 염색체 사이에 pericentric 역위가 중요한 역할을 한것으로 생각된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제94권2호통권159호
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• pp.112-116
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• 2005

This study was conducted to obtain the information of distribution, protection and management for mammal species in fragmented forest areas around the road from June 2002 to May 2003 in 9 study sites of Baekdugdaegan mountains, Korea. Field signs of twelve mammals, moles Molera robusta, Korean hares Lepus coreanus, Manchurian chipmunk Tamias sibiricus, red squirrels Sciurus vulgaris, Korean racoon dogs Nyctereutes procyonoides, Siberian weasels Mustela sibirica, badgers Meles meles, otters Lutra lutra, Bengal cats Felis bengalensis, wild boars Sus scrofa, water deer Hydropotes inermis and roe deer Capreolus pygargus were recorded in this study. There were no differences in total number of species between 50 m areas and 50-100 m areas from road in snow and non-snow season. Number of mammals' field signs were different in non-snow season between both areas. Red squirrels and Siberian weasels were more abundant in 50 m areas, and Korean hares and Manchurian chipmunks were in 50-100 m areas. Habitat using pattern of mammal species may be affected by the road. Reasonable road construction and maintenance would be needed for protection and management of wildlife and their habitats.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.265-274
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• 1997

All landscapes are mosaics of habitat patches of different types. Therefore, there are always edged between habitat patches in a landscape. Forest animal has an important role in vegetation development and maintenance by seed dispersal around forest. Movement of animals depends on the spatially heterogeneous structure and pattern of vegetation landscapes because each animal has special habitats in a landscape. Especially, forast edge with high permeability and prey density is one of the important habitats to the animals. Therefore, understanding the ecological characteristics of the forest edges as a corridor connecting mosaic vegetation patches is necessa교 새 establish the strategies for the nature conservation and sustainable vegetation management. Under this idea, we examined the animal influenced on pine seeds as one of the method of monitoring the animal activity in mosaic vegetation. Man-made mosaic vegetations including open, edge and inner forests were carefully selected in the rural landscape. We carried out predation test on pine seeds during one year. A result was that damages on seed was more significant at forest edge than inner and open forest. Pine seed on seedbeds was mainly attacked by squirrels and mice than birds. Pine seed was damaged by squirrels in different types of vegetation by seasons. Rate of seed predation at forest edge was, in special, higher than that of other sites. According to this results, it is suggested that the relationship between animal behavior and spatial vegetation structure relating to human impact such as the distance from settlement to vegetation appeares to be in the rural vegetation landscape.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.251-264
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• 1988

동면 상태에서 혈액성분의 생화학적 변화치를 조사하고자 전남 각지에 서식 또는 광주직할시 근교에서 양식하고 있는 뱀장어, 개구리, 살모사 그리고 다람쥐를 활동기(7월∼8월), 잠입기(10월∼11월), 동진기(12월∼1월) 및 각려기(3월∼4월)에 채집하였다. 이들 동물들의 혈청에서 Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, A/G ratio, Glucose, Calcium, Urea함유량을 조사하여 얻은 성적을 비교 검토하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1 . Total protein의 변화는 각 동물사이에서 상당한 차이를 보이되 잠입기에 다소 증가하였다. 특히 다람쥐에서 Total protein 함유량이 다른 동물들 보다 많았다. Albumin함유량은 잠입기에 상승하였고 동면기에는 약간의 감소를 보이다가 각성기에는 현저한 감소를 보였다. gloulin함유량은 잠입기에 상당히 상승하고 동면기에 약간의 감소를 나타내었으며 각성기 인 봄철에는 많은 증가 현상을 보였다. 2. 혈청 Urea의 함유량은 동면의 각과정에 따라 상당한 차이가 있었다. 즉 잠입기에 약간 상승하고 동면기에는 저하를 보였으며 각성기에는 전 실험동물에서 검출되지 않았다. 3. 혈당의 변화는 잠입기에 대체로 저하하고 동면기에는 심한 저혈당 수준에 이르렀다. 각성기인 봄철에는 다람쥐를 제외하고는 동면기의 혈희량과 유사하였다. 4. 혈청 Calcium함유량의 변화는 활동기에 비하여 잠입기에는 상당한 증가현상을 보였으나동면기에는 전 실험동물이 거의 같은 수준으로 감소를 보이며 각성기에 까지 감소하였다. In order to the biochemical change of the serological components of hibernating animals, eels(hnguillo joponica Temminck et Schlegel), frogs (Rana nigromacurata Hallowell), snakes (Agkistro-don holds breuicaudus Stejneserl, squirrels (Tamias striatus Linnaeus) which were collected around Gwangiu city and the Chunnam area were observed in accordance with the phases of hibernation. The author described the hibernating cycle as active (June-July), prehibematins(October-Novemberl, hibernating (December-January) and posthibemating phase (March-Aprill. The values of total protein, albumin, globulin, hJG ratlo, calcium, glucose and urea were chiefly investigated in their serum. The results are as following: Total protein was shown to be consider-able in eels, frogs, snakes, squirrels and increased in prehibemation. Especially, the mean value was high in sqirrels. Albumin values was increased during prehibemation. But a little decrease was shown during hibernating and an outstanding decrease during posthibemation. The globulin value increased considerably during prehlbemation but decreased a little during hibernation phase. Changes of urea were shown to be considerable according to the stage of each hibem3-tion. A little increase was shown during prehibemation and decrease during hibernating stage. but urea was not found in posthibemation in any experimental animals. The glucose value was generally decreased during prehibematlon. An extremely little increase in glucose was shown during hibernation (hypoglycemia). All hibernating values except those for squirrels in spring posthibemating phase were at almost the same level. The calcium value was shown to be considerable during prehibemation in comparison with active phase. The same level of decrease was represented in all kinds of animals and continued at the stage of posthibemation.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.222-230
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• 1990

한국산 청서(Sciunis vulgaris corea)와 다람쥐(Tamias sibiricus asiaticu)의 핵형을 일반 Giemsa- stain과 C-banding stain방법으로 분석하였다. 청서의 염색체 수는 2n=40이였으며 이 중 6쌍은 중부, 8쌍은 차중부, 3쌍은 차단부 그리고 2쌍은 단부 염색체이었고 X 염색체는 차중부,Y염색체는 acro또는 차단부 염색체로서 NF(arm number)=72(성염색체 제외)를 나타내었다. 다람쥐의 염색체 수는 2n=38이었으며 이 중 3쌍은 중부, 4쌍은 차중부, 5쌍은 차단부, 그리고 6쌍은 단부 염색체이었고 X염색체는 차중부, Y염색체는 중부염색체로서 NF=60을 나타내었다. C-banding분석결과, 청서의 염색체에서는 각 경우 대부분 동원체 (centromere)부위와 말단부(telomere)에 주로 구조적이질염색질이 분포하였고 다람쥐에서는 몇몇 염색체상(제2,3,9번)을 제외하고는 주로 동원체 부위에 구조적이직염색질이 분포하였다. 이러한 결과들로 보아 핵형상의 분화에 non-Robensonian 재배열과 구조적 이질염색질의 분포가 중요한 작용을 한 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.101-106
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• 1996

Hantavirus is the etiologic agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). It has been known that the natural reservoirs of Hantavirus are not only field mice but also other animals in parts of the world. In this study, to research on the host range of Hantavirus, immunofluorescent antibody against Hantavirus was investigated in wild birds from 1991 to 1992, duck from 1991 to 1992 and squirrels (Tamias sibiricus) in 1990 in Korea. The results were as follows: 1. Of total 179 wild birds of 14 species, Emberiza elegans elegans and Passer montanus dy-bowsky were antibody positive. The positive rates were 3.92% (2 out of 51) and 1.64% (1 out of 61), respectively. 2. The antibody titers of wild birds were 1:16 and 1:64 in Emberiza elegans elegans, 1:16 in Passer montanus dybowsky. 3. The positive rate of antibody in ducks was 2.3% (3 out of 129). 4. The positive rate of antibody in squrrels was 48.10% (38 out of 79). According these results, we newly showed that passer montanus dybowsky, domestic ducks and Tamias sibiricus possessed the antibody against Hantavirus.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.544-549
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• 2013

본 연구는 2009년 3월부터 6월까지 강원도 원주시 신림면 구학리 지역에서 하늘다람쥐 둥지 및 배설물 흔적을 조사하였다. 조사지역 내의 하늘다람쥐의 흔적은 총 30개소에서 확인되었으며, 이 중 둥지가 15개소, 배설물 흔적이 15개소였다. 이 중 둥지 이용이 직접 확인된 개체는 총 3개체로 나무 구멍 둥지 1개소에서 1쌍의 하늘다람쥐를 확인할 수 있었으며, 소나무에 만들어진 나무 위 둥지에서 1개체를 확인할 수 있었다. 하늘다람쥐가 이용한 둥지의 수종은 일본잎갈나무를 주로 이용하였으며, 소나무, 물박달나무, 때죽나무, 층층나무, 고로쇠나무를 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 배설지로 이용하는 수종은 산벚나무, 층층나무, 졸참나무, 단풍나무, 신갈나무, 물박달나무 등으로 확인되었다. 둥지는 주로 조림지 내의 침엽수 계통을 주로 이용하며, 배설지는 주로 활엽수에서 확인되었다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.907-914
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• 2011

This study aims at monitoring the efficiency of wildlife corridor in the city of Sungnam, Gyunggi Province. During 2008-2010 for 13 months the CCTV in the city office followed number and population density using the wildlife corridor. Based on the monitoring Korean raccoon dog(Nyctereutes procyonoides) and water deer(Hydropotes inermis), Korean hare(Lepus coreanus), Korean yellow-weasel(Mustela sibirica), Korean squirrels(Sciurus vulgaris) used most often and counting 884 individuals.. This counts over 73% of targeted species and also verifies the project objectives. In future the monitoring should be increased and identify behavioral patterns focusing on ecological networks of previously fragmented habitats.