• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2013

This research was conducted to compare the meat characteristics of Korean native duck and imported commercial duck. The Korean native ducks and imported commercial ducks (broiler duck: Grimaud) were raised under identical rearing and feeding conditions for 8 wk and 6 wk, respectively. At the end of the rearing period, ten ducks from each group were slaughtered, and breast and leg meat were obtained 24 h after slaughtering for analyses of meat characteristics. The results showed that the breast of Korean native ducks contained lower moisture and fat, and higher protein and water holding capacity (WHC) than those of imported commercial ducks (p<0.05). The breast of Korean native ducks also had higher CIE $a^*$ and lower CIE $L^*$ (p<0.05). After cooking, the breast meat of Korean native ducks had higher shear-force, sensory attributes of texture, taste and overall likeness (p<0.05). Also, the breast meat of Korean native ducks contained a higher percentage of palmitic acid ($C_{16:0}$) and arachidonic acid ($C_{20:4}$) (p<0.05) than those of imported commercial ducks. Furthermore, the leg meat of Korean native ducks contained higher percentages of total unsaturated fatty acid and lower percentages of total saturated fatty acid (p<0.05). It is concluded that the meat from Korean native ducks, especially breast meat, had better quality parameters and contained higher amounts of unsaturated fatty acids.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.235-240
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• 2014

최근 국내 오리고기 산업이 점진적으로 증가하고 있으나, 국내에서 생산되고 있는 대부분의 오리 종자는 수입에 의존하고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 의존도를 낮추기 위해서 국립축산과학원에서는 토종오리 상용화 연구를 시작하였으며, 이에 토종오리 품종 및 개체 식별의 필요성이 대두되었다. 본 연구에서는 토종오리와 백색실용오리가 다른 야생오리 품종과 얼마나 연관되어 있는지를 알아보기 위해 미토콘드리아 DNA의 D-loop control 영역의 염기서열을 이용하여 계통분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 토종오리와 백색실용오리는 대부분의 야생오리 품종과는 구분이 잘 되지만, 청둥오리와는 분류가 되지 않는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 토종오리와 백색실용오리 품종간의 분류 또한 이들 집단이 다수의 변이와 haplotype을 공유하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 분석 결과, 11개의 염기 변이가 확인되었으며, 이 변이들은 8개 haplotype으로 구성되어 있었다. 이 중 토종오리에서만 확인된 haplotype 2를 제외한 3개의 haplotype(haplotype number 1, 3, 4)에서 토종오리와 백색실용오리가 동일한 haplotype을 가진 반면, haplotype 5, 6, 7, 8은 백색실용오리에서만 확인되었다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 D-loop control 영역은 토종오리와 야생오리의 품종 구분을 위한 기초 자료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.180-188
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the melanogenesis associated transcription factor (MITF) and dopachrome tautomerase (DCT) genes on plumage coloration in Asian native duck breeds. MITF encodes a protein for microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, which regulates the development and function of melanocytes for pigmentation of skin, hair, and eyes. Among the tyrosinase-related family genes, DCT is a pigment cell-specific gene that plays important roles in the melanin synthesis pathway and the expression of skin, feather, and retina color. Methods: Five Asian duck varieties (black Korean native, white Korean native, commercial Peking, Nageswari, and Bangladeshi Deshi white ducks) were investigated to examine the polymorphisms associated with plumage colors. Among previously identified SNPs, three synonymous SNPs and one indel of MITF and nine SNPs in exon regions of DCT were genotyped. The allele frequencies for SNPs of the black and white plumage color populations were estimated and Fisher's exact test was conducted to assess the association between the allele frequencies of these two populations. Results: Two synonymous SNPs (c.114T>G and c.147T>C) and a 14-bp indel (GCTGCAAAC AGATG) in intron 7 of MITF were significantly associated with the black- and white-colored breeds (p<0.001). One non-synonymous SNP [c.938A>G (p.His313Arg)] in DCT, was highly significantly associated (p<0.001) and a synonymous SNP (c.753A>G) was significantly associated (p<0.05) with black and white color plumage in the studied duck populations. Conclusion: The results of this study provide a basis for further investigations of the associations between polymorphisms and plumage color phenotypes in Asian duck breeds.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.695-701
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• 2016

This study was conducted to observe antioxidant enzyme activity, iron content and lipid oxidation of Korean native chickens and other poultry. The breast and thigh meat of three Korean native chicken breeds including Woorimatdak, Hyunin black and Yeonsan ogye, and three commercial poultry breeds including the broiler, White Leghorn and Pekin duck (Anasplatyrhyncos domesticus) were studied. The analyses of the antioxidant enzymes activity, iron content and lipid oxidation were performed in raw and cooked samples. The activity of catalase (CAT) in the thigh meat was higher than that of the breast meat of three Korean native chickens and the broiler, respectively. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the uncooked thigh meat of three Korean native chickens was higher than that of the breasts. The breast meat of Woorimatdak and Pekin duck had higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity than the others, while only the thigh meat of Pekin duck had the highest activity. Cooking inactivated CAT and decreased the activity of GPx and SOD. The thigh meat of Woorimatdak, White Leghorn, Yeonsan ogye and Hyunin black contained more total iron than the breast meat of those breeds. The heme-iron lost during cooking ranged from 3.2% to 14.8%. It is noted that the thigh meat had higher thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values than the breast in all chicken breeds. Though Woorimatdak showed higher antioxidant enzyme activity and lower released-iron percentage among Korean native chickens, no differences were found on lipid oxidation. We confirm that the dark meat of poultry exhibited higher antioxidant enzyme activity and contained more iron than the white meat.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.114-120
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• 2015

The aim of this research was to compare the bioactive compound content and quality traits of breast meat from male and female Korean native ducks (KND) and commercial ducks (CD, Cherry Valley). Meat from three 6-wk old birds of each sex from KND and CD were evaluated for carcass and breast weights, pH, color, cooking loss, shear force, and bioactive compound (creatine, carnosine, anserine, betaine, and L-carnitine) content. KND showed significantly higher carcass weights than CD whereas no such difference (p>0.05) was found between male and female ducks. The breed and sex had no significant effects on the breast weight, pH value, and shear force. However, KND had significantly lower cooking loss values than did CD. Creatine, anserine, and L-carnitine contents were significantly higher in KND than in CD and were predominant in female ducks compared to males. The results of this study provide rare information regarding the amounts and the determinants of several bioactive compounds in duck meat, which can be useful for selection and breeding programs, and for popularizing indigenous duck meat.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2017

A total of 340 individuals from seven duck populations were studied using 24 polymorphic microsatellite (MS) markers to identify plumage colors with genetic diversity. The estimated average number of alleles (Na), polymorphic information content (PIC) value, and expected heterozygosity (He) per locus of all populations were 11.5, 0.602, and 0.635, respectively. The calculated population genetic distance (Fst), inbreeding coefficient of individuals within duck populations (Fis), and total inbreeding among populations (Fit) were 0.135, 0.105, and 0.229, respectively. Statistical analyses for each population using 24 marker combinations, revealed that the estimated average number of effective alleles (Ne), observed heterozygosity (Ho), and fixation index of inbreeding within populations (F) were 3.129, 0.505, and 0.104, respectively. The results of genetic distance and phylogenetic analysis revealed that Korean native duck populations were clearly separated from all Bangladeshi duck populations. Moreover, all populations clustered well according to their genetic distance, but could not be clearly separated according to black and white plumage colors or plumage color pattern. The combination of these 24 MS markers can be used for discrimination and determination of the genetic diversity of native duck breeds in further investigations for conservation and special development purposes.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2010

본 시험은 토종오리와 육용오리를 교배 조합하여 토종오리의 생산성과 도체 수율을 개선시키기 위해 수행되었다. 공시 동물은 청둥오리와 육용오리의 교배 조합으로 발생한 4계통의 오리들을 암수 각각 120수씩 선별하여 총 240수를 이용하였다. 교배 방법은 토종오리(female)${\times}$토종오리(male), 육용오리(female)${\times}$토종오리(male), 토종오리(female)${\times}$육용오리(male), 육용오리(female)${\times}$ 육용오리(male)4계통을 각각 A, B, C, D로 하고, 암수를 분리하여 계통과 성별에 따라 각각 30수씩 선별하였다. 시험 사료는 육용오리 사료를 0~3주령(CP 22.0%, ME 2,900 kcal/kg)과 3~8주령(CP 18.0%, ME 3,000 kcal/kg)으로 나누어 8주 동안 급여하였다. 체중은 8주령에 암컷에 비해 수컷이 높게 나타났으며(P<0.05), 3주령과 8주령 모두 B, C계통 체중이 A계통 보다 높고 D계통보다는 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 증체량은 3~8주령과 0~8주령 동안에는 암컷에 비해 수컷에서 높았으며(P<0.05), 3~8주령 동안의 계통 간 증체량은 D>C>B>A순서로 높았다(P<0.05). 사료 섭취량의 경우, 증체량과 마찬가지로 암수간의 비교에서 차이가 없었으나, A계통에 비해 B계통과 C계통이 높았고, D계통이 다른 계통들에 비해 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 사료 요구율은 3~8주령에 수컷이 높았으며(P<0.05). 계통간 사료 요구율은 3~8주령과 0~8주령에는 A계통과 B, C계통, B계통과 D계통 사이에 유의적인 차이가 있었다(P<0.05). 4계통의 생체중과 도체중에 따른 도체 수율은 4계통이 각각 70.1%, 70.8%, 73.1% 및 71.2%로 나타났다. 따라서, 토종오리와 육용오리의 교배 조합은 토종오리의 생산성을 개선시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.187-191
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• 2023

Korean native ducks (KNDs) continue to have a high preference from consumers due to their excellent meat quality and taste characteristics. However, due to low productivity and fixed plumage color phenotype, it could not secure a large share in the domestic market compared to imported species. In order to improve the market share of KNDs, the genetic characteristics of the breed should be identified and used for improvement and selection. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the genetic information of colored and white KNDs using next-generation resequencing data and screening for differences between the two groups. As a result of the analysis, the genetic variants that showed significant differences between the colored and white KND groups were mainly identified as mutations related to tyrosine activity. The variants were located in the genes that affect melanin synthesis and regulation, such as EGFR, PDGFRA, and DDR2, and these were reported as the candidate genes related to plumage pigmentation in poultry. Therefore, the results of this study are expected to be useful as a basis for understanding and utilizing the genetic characteristics of KNDs for genetic improvement and selection of white broiler KNDs.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.423-431
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• 2010

본 시험은 토종오리와 육용오리의 교배 조합이 부분육 비율과 육질에 미치는 영향을 연구하기 위해 수행하였다. 토종오리와 육용오리의 교배 조합으로 발생된 4처리구의 오리 360수를 평사에서 사육하고, 일정 주령(A, B, C 8주령, D 6주령)에 도달하였을 때 각 처리구에서 암수 각각 9수씩 선별하였다. 교배 조합 방법은 토종오리(female)$\times$토종오리(male), 육용오리(female)$\times$토종오리(male), 토종오리(female)$\times$육용오리(male), 육용오리(female)$\times$육용오리(male)의 4처리구를 각각 A, B, C, D로 하였다. 선별된 개체들은 도압(屠鴨)하여 부분육 비율을 측정하고, 오리고기의 이화학적 성상과 관능검사를 실시하였다. 날개와 목 부위의 비율은 D 처리구가 가장 낮았으며(P<0.05), 가슴 부위는 B 처리구에서 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 다리 부위는 처리구간 차이가 없었으며, 부분육을 제외한 부위는 A, B, D 처리구에서 C 처리구에 비해 유의적으로 높았다(P<0.05). 오리고기의 pH는 처리구간 차이가 없었으나(P>0.05), 지방, 단백질 함량은 B 처리구가 가장 높았으며(P<0.05), 콜라겐 함량은 D 처리구가 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 오리고기의 육색과 물리학적 성상(전단력, 가열 감량, 보수력)은 처리구간 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 오리고기의 관능검사는 다즙성에서 D 처리구가 가장 높았으나(P<0.05), B와 D 처리구 사이에는 유의적 차이가 없었다. 따라서 토종오리와 육용오리의 교배 조합은 이화학적 성상이나 관능검사의 개선 효과가 뚜렷하지 않지만 가슴육 수율 향상에 영향을 주는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.107-110
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• 1988

A 5 years old Korean native cattle with chief complaints of vaginal prolapse was referred. Surgical treatment for vaginal prolapse was successful in the patient and the vaginal prolapse was caused by lipoma in this case.